In this dissertation I have tried to figure out if it possible to make any money on acid Grain to feed cows through a case study. The method is a case study combined with a documentary research. At present the farm sell all Grain in connection with harvest and buy it back continuously in the neighbourhood, I have compared that with an alternative where I invest in a construction for to store acid Grain on the current farm. I have delimit me to only have a look on acid Grain because I think that is one of the cheapest way too store Grain in smaller aplenty. Before beginning with acid Grain is it important to be versed in how everything works and the risk to keep on with acid Grain. One disadvantage is that the acid Grain is not possible to store more than 12 months with out acid it once again. It is also easy to get mould in the pasture if it is not acid enough.

The purpose with this study is to compare different systems of Grain storage from a financial point of view. Grain that is supposed to be fed to laying hens. The systems that were compared were different airtight storage of Grain and a system of conventional storage. To make this case study I choose to compare four different systems. In the case study there was one system with bin drying of the Grain, two systems with airtight storage of the Grain and one system where you buy dried Grain during the season. I made several of capital investment appraisal where I found the cost of each system, then I took the cost and divided it with the total Grain use and calculated the cost for each kilogram of Grain, and also the cost of the feed. Then I compared the cost from my case study with the cost of buying feed. All the systems except for one, gave a lower cost for the hen feed than buying feed from a dealer The best system, witch were bin drying lower the cost with about 80 000:- SEK.

The purpose with this work was to investigate some alternatives for an effective handling with Grain, to find the most economic alternative. It is not common that moisture content is below 14% when harvesting Grain in Sweden. To store the Grain safe it has to be preserved in some way. I have described some of the most common systems for preserving Grain in this paper. I have used the systems as a basis when I made calculations in handling the Grain for a company. I have chosen a company placed in south of Sweden. The productions are crop farming and pork.

The purpose of this examination work was to make a general description about drying and storage of Grain, and a case study with a comparison between brought and home-made feed. The case study was made on the farm Solhem in Hörby, a farm that produces 3870 pigs for slaughter a year. In this project three alternatives have been compared, 1st alternative: own produced Grain approx. 400 ton + wet Grain 415 ton purchased during fall, 2nd alternative: own produced Grain approx. 400 ton + dry Grain 415 ton purchased during winter, 3rd alternative: bought feed 815 ton purchased continuously during the year. Considering the price information provided to me the 1st alternative gave the cheapest feed..

Today there is a limited demand for quality certified cereal in Sweden. The demand can in the future increase and become a requirement for the entire market. Since the first of January 2005, Grain producers in Sweden are food producers and traceability is important for the food industry. It is possible for Grain producers to certify the productions under the certification IP SIGILL. The purpose of this essay is to explore why some Grain producers continue to be certified while other producers end the IP SIGILL certification.

In this degree project we wanted to investigate if there are any possibilities to get a higher income from Grain growing by giving the Grain to hens instead of selling it. We were also wondering if the manure has any value or if it only cost the egg producer money. If the egg producer cultivate his own Grain and is able to store it in layer is there quite much money to earn. Expensive pasture makes it profitability to pay up to 1,35 Swedish crowns for a kilo of wheat. In our calculating we?ve used calculation from the company Lantmännen.

This examination work brings up opportunities to invest in a construction for heating with Grain or pellets on farm level. As example we have chosen Fröberga Gård which is a farm located in Östergötland outside of Söderköping. The farm`s residential buildings is to day heated with oil and electricity. The result of our investigation shows that heating with Grain is the best alternative, partly because of economical issues but also because you can grow the Grain on your own farm and by that you can get better economy in your seed cultivation. To grow 16 tonne of Grain as is needed demand gives a insignificant increase of work. Further an advantage is that no investment in machines is needed because all the machines witch is needed already is in use on the farm. In a situation where a new investment is needed as in the case we studied, is it often profitable to invest in a integrated furnace. Because all the components are well adapted to each other, and because that gives a high efficiency. If you already own a well working furnace is it often most profitable to connect a burner to it. It is important to know that heating with Grain need more work than heating with pellets, because the high contents of ash in Grain. Even if you choose pellets instead of Grain the calculation shows good results. Because peat is an excellent but fairly untested raw material for pelletsproduction we have chosen to watch little more on its quality and conductions. We discovered that peat has a high heating value which makes it possible to raise the heat value in pellets through mix up peat and wood. Or you can make pellets with only peat and get a pellet with high heating value. Even the calculation with peatheating shows good results..

The increasing oil prices during the last years have made it profitable to use cereal Grains as a fuel. When compared with wood, cereals contain higher amounts of Cl, S and ash. The Cl and S content makes the gases from cereal combustion more corrosive than gases from wood combustion. The goal of this master thesis was to find out the variation of Cl, S and ash content for oat Grain grown under different conditions. Oats was chosen because in Sweden it's considered as the cereal with the best fuel qualities.

The Swedish agricultural sector is currently experiencing substantial structural changes, where the number of agricultural enterprises continuously decreases and the average farm size increases. In order to maintain competitiveness, it is important to be aware and adapt to changes concerning the surroundings of the company (Johnson et al., 2011). Agricultural commodity prices sharply fluctuate on the global market in recent years, affecting the profitability of farmers. High volatility market requires tools to reduce price variations and increases the need of decision-making (Bouder & Beth, 2003). Farm-based Grain handling facilities increases the sale options regarding agricultural commodities; a flexible strategy to get additional compensation for the storing the Grain produced on the farm (Edling, 2002; Edwards, 2013).

Ethanol for automotive purposes is an issue much debated and researchers disagree about the benefits of bioethanol. Converting energy-rich crops into ethanol suitable as motor fuel is a complex process and continuous development and improvements of processes and material used are important steps in the work of developing environmental friendly fuels. Grain is usually preserved by drying which consumes a lot of energy. Alternative storage of high-moisture Grain in airtight storage systems reduce the energy required to produce bioethanol and studies have also shown that ethanol yields are increased more than 10% in ethanol fermentations of moist Grain compared to dry. Airtight storage is often not perfectly airtight so biocontrol agents are necessary in order to preserve the Grain.

The current situation for Swedish Grain farmers facing a situation with decreasing profitability makes it necessary for the farmers to find ways of increasing the margins in their Grain growing. Decreasing profitabilities along with Lantmännens closing of Grain elevators contribute to the necessity for farmers to invest in Grain storing and drying at the farm. By investing in capacity for drying and storage of Grain on the farm it is possible to recieve a higher price on the Grain sold due to the possibility to sell when the price is higher compared to the harvesting season. An investment in Grain drying and storage with a relatively low investment cost that recently has appeared on the Swedish market is the Grain stir drying system. This study contains a comparison of an investment in a Grain stir drying system where the Grain is dried and stored in the same silo and a conventional drying and storage system.

This master thesis was made to investigate the possibilities of using the Matlab-basedsoftware BaseGrain to determine Grain size distributions of erosion protections onhydropower dams. BaseGrain is a photogrammetric tool developed to generate Grainsize distributions and other information about coarse flood sediments by analyzing adigital photo of the stone bed. The investigation was made by validating the ability forBaseGrain to assess Grain size distributions of various materials smaller than the blocksused in an erosion protection by comparing sieving results or manual measurementswith the results obtained by the program. A statistical comparison was then made bycomparing the results from sieving and the program. The possibilities of using thesame method on existing hydropower dams were then investigated by determiningwhether the method was practically viable or not.The results showed that BaseGrain generated Grain size distributions for coarse gravelthat were very close to the sieving results.

Treatment wetlands been showed efficient for reducing pollutant in waste water. In Lajeado ? RS, Brazil the landfill has poor leachate water treatment. It is necessary to supplement the treatment plant because they need to reduce BOD, COD and nitrate of the water going to recipient. A subsurface flow wetland (SSF) can be a good choice.  In order to be able to design an efficient SSF it is important to understand how the Grain sizes of a substrate affect the reducing of pollutants in waste water.

Thisis an experimental study of lipid residues within the field of laboratoryarcheology. Pottery was made in a time like manner and used to cook Grain and Icelandmoss and exposed to an organized biodegradation experiment inside an incubatorfor later analyzes with the GC-MS-method. Tests were also taken from pottery,Grain and Iceland moss that had not been exposed for a biodegrading attempt.The Grain is a domesticated cereal and the Icelandic moss fungi-alga mix. Thetest results showed mostly saturated fatty acids, sterols and monoacylglycerolsof saturated fatty acids. Within the laboratory archeology, ergosterol has beensuggested as a possible biomarker for yeast and alcohol fermentation.

The EU-project HEALTHGrain has suggested a new definition for whole Grain which allows a small part of the Grain to be removed during processing. By removing the outer part or the Grain the hygienic quality will increase but it is not clear how the taste and colour is affected. So therefore in this study three different debranning methods, peeling, pearling and polishing, which remove the outer parts of the Grains have been used on common and durum wheat. The dietary fibre and ash content, as well as germination was analysed in untreated, peeled, pearled and polished Grains. The decrease in dietary fibre and ash was higher in Grains that had been pearled compared to those that had been peeled or polished.