This study aims to investigate the origin and the development of a certain type of Decision phenomena, namely political Decision chains. A political Decision chain is defined as a seemingly rational Decision being made, that is reverted through a new Decision and this for other reasons than the original Decision being regarded as having fulfilled its intended purpose. The essay attempts to explain the occurrence of these Decision chains through a case study in order to thoroughly examine the complexities that surround political Decisions overall. The essay concludes that uncontrollable factors and chance to a large extent affect the origin of these chains, allowing actors to change the political agenda according to their preferences. The relative weighting of these factors that is made by the actors, which exist within the Decision chain, makes them underestimate the relative power of other actors that may have different preferences.

This case study aims to explore how Decision making is performed under circumstances characterised by high uncertainty. We have identified and interviewed two types of organisations dealing with investments in pharmaceutical drug development, a business characterised by high uncertainty. We have found that the two types of organisations we have interviewed display different Decision making behaviour evaluating the same type of investment. Further we have explained these differences in Decision making behaviour by using relevant Decision making theories. This study has showed that different forms of Decision making are appropriate depending on the conditions facing the Decision maker..

Many researchers emphasize the increasing strategic importance of supply chain management, but there is still a lack of concrete guidance for managers faced with strategic Decisions in supply chain. Within Decision-making theories, the rational Decision-making model is the most commonly used. This because of its suitable foundation, enabling a structure to the complex Decision process. The rational Decision-making model is today not developed to include the aspects of strategic Decision-making made in supply chain. The purpose of this research is to adjust a structured rational Decision-making model, making it applicable for strategic Decision-making in supply chain.

In December 2004 an earthquake coursed waves that hit Thailand. Over 5000 people died, and Sweden was the tourist country that has been effected the worst. The catastrophe precipitated Sweden in crises and the demand became high for Swedish government to act. Swedes followed the development via media, why media became the crucial element for how the public perceived politicians? acting.

This paper investigates Decision-making under uncertainty and complexity. The focus point of the study was to investigate how organizations in Stockholm has come to a Decisions on how to manage the trial implementation of a congestion tax in terms of their company cars. The study was conducted as a survey with complementary interviews with the Decision makers in change of congestion tax problem. The aim of the study was to gain an understanding for the Decision making processes, and how and why the companies decided as they did. The theory on which we based our study emanated from both systems theory and business economic theory on Decision making.

The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the construction of consensus in commune-collaborations. By a review of written material combined with elite interviews we have been able to follow the Decision-making and the forming of consensus, in a commune-collaboration called NOSAM, in which they have decided to use consensus as a Decision method. The thesis is based on a case study and we have decided to follow a specific issue that has been discussed for some time.We have created an instrument based on the ideal of deliberative democracy, through which we have been able to examine whether the Decision-making in NOSAM can be described as a deliberative process or if consensus is formed by other incentives.The study shows that the Decision-making in NOSAM cannot be described as a deliberative process, although there are some elements of deliberation. Consensus is formed in a proposition drawn up by the officials for the commune-representatives to agree on. Afterwards, the Decision has to be brought up in each commune before reaching a final Decision in NOSAM.Our opinion is that having consensus as the Decision method leads to difficulties when deciding on bigger issues..

Throughout the years more and more charitable organisations have appeared and the competition between them has increased. This has forced the charities to use more marketing strategies in their work in order to strengthen their competitiveness. Research in philanthropy in terms of economy and marketing has been neglected in Sweden and the research that is done today is mainly focused on why individuals donate to charity. A donation, according to the writers of this thesis, has been seen as an economical activity and can therefore be explained and understood through economical models and theories. This thesis aims to see how a contributor to charity makes the Decision to donate money, consequently see how the donation Decision process actually works from a theoretical model of a buying Decision process from marketing literature. The purpose of this thesis is therefore to from a buying Decision process concerning products describe the donation Decision process for contributors to charity. By achieving this purpose the writers aim to compare if a donation Decision process go through certain steps similar to a buying Decision process.

The aim of this study is to examine the investment Decision process for investments that arise due to strategic changes and are of strategic importance to the company. At the foundation of this study is the previous research in this area, done by King (1975) and Bower (1970), which examines the investment process on a more generic level. At the core is the investment Decision process pertaining to Projekt X, an investment performed by NordiCorp. Having conducted a case study including six interviews with employees from various parts of the organization, combined with a large number of internal documents, the process regarding the investment Decision was carefully illuminated. The results show that in many regards, this process follows the more generic investment process.

The purpose of this paper has been to follow how a Decision made has developed within anorganization. We have intended to find underlying causes for the development in order to contribute to the understanding of the lifecycle of Decisions.The Decision we have chosen is Gröna Skolgårdar (Green School Yards) within the city of Västerås. This project has aimed to make the school yards in Västerås more green, more beautiful and more useful for teaching.We have used Grounded Theory Method as our foundation, complemented with Decisionmaking theory.The work with this paper has led to the conclusion that Gröna Skolgårdar changed over time, and did not turn out as first intended. This has had several couses such as how resources wasdistributed, political changes, and different views of the project.We have learned that over time a Decision can take unexpected paths, and we have contributed with an example of how this can happen..

Many organizations utilize Decision support systems in order to handle different tasks and tosupport the Decision-making process. Decision support system is a broad term used to referto several different types of systems. These types of systems can handle a wide range ofoperations within the organization. Consequently this will have an impact on differentoperations within the organization. The main aim of this study was to create a betterunderstanding regarding the impact of Decision support systems on the various operationswithin the City Council's procurement units which in turn will increase effectiveness.

Background: Previous studies have shown that intuition occurs in Decision making in small enterprises. However, these studies have not illuminated which Decision attributes leads to intuitive Decision making.Purpose:The purpose with this study is to contribute with an increased understanding of which Decision attributes leads managers in small enterprises to use intuition in Decision making and why these Decisions attributes have an impact on the role of intuition. The follow-ing research question will be answered in our study: Which Decision attributes leads to intui-tive Decision making in small enterprises, and why?Method: To answer the research question we have conducted semi structural interviews with managers in small enterprises to achieve a deeper understanding of the role of intuition. We have also used a method called Visual Card Sorting as a complement to the semi structural interviews.Result/conclusion: The result of our study indicates that the relevance and the uncertainty of a Decision have the greatest significance in the use of intuition in Decision making in small enterprises.

Background: Previous studies have shown that intuition occurs in Decision making in small enterprises. However, these studies have not illuminated which Decision attributes leads to intuitive Decision making.Purpose:The purpose with this study is to contribute with an increased understanding of which Decision attributes leads managers in small enterprises to use intuition in Decision making and why these Decisions attributes have an impact on the role of intuition. The follow-ing research question will be answered in our study: Which Decision attributes leads to intui-tive Decision making in small enterprises, and why?Method: To answer the research question we have conducted semi structural interviews with managers in small enterprises to achieve a deeper understanding of the role of intuition. We have also used a method called Visual Card Sorting as a complement to the semi structural interviews.Result/conclusion: The result of our study indicates that the relevance and the uncertainty of a Decision have the greatest significance in the use of intuition in Decision making in small enterprises.

Background: Every patient and each situation is unique. Therefore the nurse has to act in a flexible intervention and still keep an ethical perspective. Aim: The aim of this studie was to illuminate nurses? different aspects of Decision making in emergency situations. Method: The result is based on nine scientific articles.

A purchase Decision can be seen as a multifaceted context that raises many unanswered questions. Understanding the consumer's evaluation of alternatives is complex and should be studied at a deeper rather than wider scale. There is a problem for retailers to understand how the consumer manages a purchase Decision in a retail setting with durables goods that generates a higher effort. The aim is to describe the Decision rules used by the consumer and how they are expressed in this context. A better understanding of which ones they use and how they are conveyed will help retailers to create effective marketing solutions that generate positive outcomes as increased profitability and customer satisfaction.

Background: High demands are today placed upon Swedish elderly care nurses as more elderly live with multimorbidity while the hospital bed capacity is becoming lower. Aim: The aim of the study was to explore nurses? perception of Decision-making in situations with acutely ill patients in nursing homes and which factors may influence the Decision about transferring patients to the emergency department or not. Method: This is a qualitative study with a phenomenographic approach. Semi-structured interviews have been conducted with 11 nurses working in nursing homes. The data analysis was based on Dahlgren and Fallsberg (1991) data analysis. Result: Three different description categories were presented, which describes variations of the nurses? perceptions.Feeling comfortable in making the Decision; which involved the nurses feeling confident in the Decision-making about transferring patients to the emergency department or not.Hesitant in making the Decision; which described how nurses perceived the Decision-making as problematic, with regard to transferring patients to the emergency department.Many wishes to consider in taking the Decision; which explained how nurses? Decision-making was influenced by requests from the patients or from people close to them.Conclusion:  The study reflected how  supporting and aggravating factors could influence how nurses in nursing homes perceived the Decision-making and how nurses have to take in consideration different opinions concerning the Decision making process of transferring patients to the emergency department or not.