Syftet med denna studie är att utifrån teoretiska ansatser och tidigare forskning som rör kapitalstruktur, visa om de tre valda finansiella företagsegenskaperna förklarar kapitalstrukturen i små onoterade svenska företag. De teoretiska ansatser som testas är främst pecking-order och trade-off. En kvantitativ ansats har använts i uppsatsen där sex hypoteser bildats utifrån de teoretiska ansatserna. Uppsatsen är av positivistisk karaktär och har en deduktiv ansats.Analysen baseras på både enkla och multipla regressionsanalyser av nyckeltal som beräknades från material som hämtats i årsredovisningar från de 220 utvalda företagen. Samtliga av de utvalda företagen slumpades fram från en lista över små företag som ej är registrerade på någon börslista.

För att kunna nå politiskt uppsatta nationella klimatmål för 2050 krävs en ökad användning av järnväg. Samtidigt belastas järnvägen mer och mer eftersom varor och människor reser mer och längre. Denna tendens och politikens ökade fokus på järnväg medför att järnvägen troligen kommer få en ökad betydelse inom stadsutveckling och eventuellt även ta mer mark i anspråk. Parallellt finns i Sverige en tendens till yteffektivisering där städer omvandlar ledig mark och övergivna tomter i en önskan att motverka urban sprawl. Problemet är att det kring järnväg skapas ytor som är svåra att använda.

Thesis: The aim of our study is to identify how IKEA's externalestablishment at Norra Backa can affect Kupolen and the centre. This in order to provide suggestions on how these trade areas can be connected and create a whole to thereby gain the purchasing power.Method: In our study we used triangulation. That means we have used both a quantitative and a qualitative approach. The quantitative method based on a survey with 100 respondents. The qualitative method is based on interviews with the centre conductors of Borlänge, Laila G Prosén and Anna Timander.Theory: The theories we have used is STP, substitution effects and effects of overspill, important factors for an attractive market town, Town Centre Management, Urban Retail Product.Conclusion: We found how IKEA's establishment at Norra Backa may affect Kupolen and the center of Borlänge then we gave suggestions on how these trade areas can be connected..

Trade is important for every country in the world. Commodities are transported between rich and poor countries everyday. Some of the trading partners are EU and Ethiopia, this because of less expensive commodities from EU than they are in Ethiopia. The most important agricultural commodity is wheat. Ethiopia is a poor country, whose inhabitants mostly are living on agriculture.

Within the fields of business as well as the academic, there is a growing interest for the role images play in an organized conception of the world. This paper acknowledges the relevance of such images and ideas, and its purpose is to examine the fixed ideas and conceptions of the world as they appear in a Swedish organizational context. The Swedish Trade Council is a hybrid organization between the state and private sector with an outspoken purpose of defining an image of the outside world for small and medium size enterprises in Sweden. The underlying question in focus for this study is: What central conceptions of the world appear in the Swedish Trade Council?s information films ?Världens möjligheter?? Within organizational studies, a postcolonial theory has to a large extent been overlooked.

Because of the large economic growth in China there are many companies who have economic interests in the Chinese market. Also in the forest market companies have started to invest in China and the interest for the market is growing. The question is how the Chinese forest market will develop in the years to come? How will China?s entry on the market of forest products affect the global forest market? The purposes of this study are to describe production, consumption and trade of forest products, and China?s possible competitive advantage in the forest industry. The purpose of this study is also to describe how China?s entry on the forest market affects the world market of forest products.

This is a qualitative study with a descriptive approach. The main purpose with this study is to examine the view of prostitution and sex trade among Social worker students at Malmö Högskola. Our research questions are; To which extension and consideration is the view of male and female prostitutes divided? Is the view of the male and female sex buyer different among the students? How do the students explain and understand male and female prostitution? How do the students explain and understand the male and female sex buyer? To collect data and to be able to find out the students views and thoughts about the phenomenon we used focus groups with four to six students in each group. To categorize the material we used four topics; explanation/understanding models, the individuals behind the phenomenon, love/sex and intimacy, and the society?s responsibility.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate when Swedish and English are used in English teaching and how the pupils view the importance of the classroom language for their language development. My research questions are ?In what situations is Swedish and English respectively spoken during the English lessons?? and ?What are the pupils' opinions concerning the significance of English and Swedish in the classroom for their language development??. To answer my questions, I have used relevant theoretical research and conducted two observations and two group interviews in a secondary school. The observations have given me an example of how it can function in the classroom and the interviews have given me the opportunity to hear the pupils' different perspectives on how it is done in the classroom and their different opinions concerning this matter. According to the research, it is of great importance that the pupils are offered the opportunity to use the English language as much as possible in the classroom.

Arbetets syfte är att undersöka hur man kan planera och utforma en hållbar dagvattenhantering på förorenad mark utifrån området Kopparlunden i Västerås. I Kopparlunden planeras en utveckling till en blandad stadsdel präglad av hållbara lösningar där dagvattenhantering blir en betydande del. Hållbar dagvattenhantering är en viktig del i klimatanpassningen av stadsmiljön men också för att minska föroreningsbelastningen på sjöar och vattendrag. Öppna dagvattenlösningar använder naturens principer för att fördröja och rena dagvattnet så nära källan som möjligt, ofta genom infiltration. Genomtänkta och platsanpassade öppna lösningar kan skapa mervärden i stadsmiljön, till exempel biologiska, estetiska och upplevelsemässiga.

Aim The purpose of this research is to study the need and the importance of marks in secondary school. The reason is to find out the students' perception of how they are motivated. Furthermore, how students experience the assessment and grading in physical education.What attitudes do students have towards the mark in the subject physical education in 6th and 9th grade, also how does SOC affect their attitudes towards marks?What kind of motivational significance do marks in physical education have in 6th and 9th grade based on their SOC?How do the students experience the assessment in grading in 6th and 9th grade based on their SOC?Method The data was collected with a quantitative approach. The sample consisted of four classes from 6th grade and five classes from 9th grade; all from two different schools in the county of Stockholm.

In order for companies to be competetive on the market, there?s a need of capital. If a company is in a need of capital to make major investments and isn?t able to prioritize internal funding, the priority will be external financing with safe securities; loans. How companies should prioritize the allocation between equity and debt, which together form value, leads us to the subject of capital structure.

This study aims to contribute to the existing research field of Swedish arms export by examining the motives behind how the Swedish government and ISP have warranted arms export to countries in or on the brink of armed conflict after the change in law in 2018. The current Swedish legislation from 2018 with its basis in international legislation does not allow arms export to countries in or on the brink of armed conflict, but it still occurs due to a law that allows for exceptions if the arms export aligns with Sweden's interest in security policy. Earlier research has been conducted in the field and stated that Sweden?s progressive brand makes it possible for Sweden to export arms and still come across as a peaceful country, and that the Swedish government is involved in the arms trade which is essentially a private market. The analysis uses the theory of militarization to establish possible motives and a theoretical framework.

The aim of this essay is to see how various texts, both Swedish and foreign, have described the former Swedish colony of St. Bartholomew. The focus has been on the slaves on the colony, and here how they were treated and how the analyzed authors portray the slaves lives.The literature has been divided up into two different categories, based on when they were published. The distinction has been made by dividing them up into a contemporary cluster, that were published before the 1900?s, as opposed to the more recent literature, from after the 1900?s.

Det finns idag en påtaglig bostadsbrist i Stockholmsområdet och detta samtidigt som regionen förväntas få en kraftig inflyttning de kommande tjugo åren. Krav finns på kommunerna att friställa byggbar mark för ny bostadsbebyggelse. Detta arbete konkritiserar problemet genom en fallstudie av gammal industrimark som snart kommer att friställas för bostads- och verksamhetsbebyggelse. Fallstudien görs på Bergs oljehamn i Nacka kommun. Under det senaste decenniet har nyexploatering av hamnmark skett nationellt i Sverige liktväl som regionalt i Stockholmsregionen.

Syfte: Syftet med uppsatsen är att jämföra och analysera valet av finansieringsform och påverkande faktorer av kapitalstruktur inom respektive bransch. Vidare kommer detta att ställas och beprövas mot de teoretiska modellerna.Metod: Uppsatsen utgår från en kvantitativ ansats. Internetenkätundersökningar inom respektive bransch samt en räkenskapsanalys utifrån årsredovisningar.Teoretiskt perspektiv: Teorin ger en ingående kunskap om MM: s proposition I och II, samt teorierna trade-off och pecking order. Vidare behandlas en del relevanta begrepp.Empiri och analys: Sammanställning av information ur enkätundersökningar och årsredovisningar. Vidare har empirin analyserats och kopplats till teorierna.Slutsatser: Pecking order teorin stämmer bra in som tillämpning på finansieringsform för tjänstebranschen, dock inte på fastighetsbranschen.