The purpose of this study is to examine how pre-school teachers think about the importance of circle time in regard to the child's language and social development from a sociocultural perspective. Furthermore the study will include what role the educators? have during the circle time.To answer our purpose we have chosen the following question:What is the role of the teachers in the circle time?What are the teacher?s thoughts about the circle time?s importance to children's social development?What are the teacher?s thoughts about the circle time?s importance to children's language development?The study is constructed on qualitative methods, where we conducted structured interviews with six preschool teachers and observed their circle time to collect our empirical material. The study is also based on Vygotsky's sociocultural perspective which says that all learning takes place through relations and interaction with other people in the cultural context you are in. The results have shown that pre-school teachers are aware of the circle time?s importance to children?s development, and purposely plan the circle time to give children the opportunity to develop both socially and linguistically skills..

Many media buyers annually spend money on advertising which will not be of benefit to their own brand; the fact that consumers confuse from which brand they have heard or seen commercials, comes as news to nobody. The phenomenon of media confusion has however earned much less attention. As a greater part of the total marketing budget is being spent on the media investments, on behalf of the actual advertising production, the more interesting it turns out to maximize the effects of the media expenses. The search for optimization is somewhat practised today by brand managers who are daringly adding a few more media channels to support their TV-campaigns. Buying ad space in TV is nevertheless much more expensive than the radio equivalent.

The intention of this study is to perform a content analysis based on a theoretical framework founded on multi-level governance, MLG. The thesis examines the formal changes within employment politics between 1999 and 2004 (Sweden´s action plan for employment) and 1998 and 2007 (the spring budget proposition). I will investigate how multi-level governance has effected the Swedish employment politics. Furthermore, the purpose of the thesis and the questions under consideration are: How have the formal structures within Swedish employment politics changed since Sweden?s admission to the European union, particularly during the periods 1997-2008 and 1999-2004? And: How do the changes in Sweden, together with the European union directive concerning employment, coincide in the so-called employment strategy?While performing the analysis I have focused on multi-level governance.

Music production software has a strong tradition of two-dimensional graphical user interface (GUI), in which the time line is represented as a flat composition either horizontally (from left to right) or vertically (from top to bottom). In my degree work titled Sequi, I approach music composition from a different angle. Instead of a two-dimensional time line with only two possibly ways of progression (forward or backward) I constructed a three-dimensional GUI with the maximum of four different ways of progression from any given point in a composition. The height axis is used to describe time-intervals (the time between downbeats) and the wide and depth axes are used to describe progression from one sound to another..

In 2014, the Swedish leisure-time centres after school became widely criticized on several occasions by school authorities. The cause for its criticism was a reflection of leisure time-centres with lots of untrained staff and a lack of pedagogical aspirations. The conclusion of the criticism was that these leisure-time centres do not fulfil their potential. However, these assessments has only to a limited extent become a part of the public educational discourse in Sweden. This discourse has mainly focused on the decreasing results in the Swedish school, which has caught the attention in the media and ended up on the political agenda.

Debatten om Region Skånes budget har väckt en del funderingar hos oss. Vi undrar vad det kan bero på när kostnader tillåts skena iväg till den grad att budgetunderskott uppstår. Kan den uppstådda situationen förklaras med budgetprocessen i sig eller de aktörer som finns i organisationen, eller är Region Skånes organisationsstruktur orsaken. Med aktörer avser vi individer och grupper av individer i organisationen som deltar i den dagliga verksamheten och som antingen påverkar eller påverkas av budgetbeslut. När det talas om organisation eller organisationsstruktur åsyftas karakteristika för offentliga organisationer.

Syftet med att använda budgetering har förändrats över tiden genom ökade krav på ekonomistyrningen. Från att ha haft fyra huvudsakliga syften: implementering av strategi, samordning, ansvarsfördelning och grund för utvärdering, har det på senare tid presenterats sju syften med budget. De traditionella syftena har benämnts, prognos, kontroll, planering och samordning. Till dessa har lagts tre modernare syften, åtagande, motivation och kommunikation (Lindvall, 2001). När man använder sig av budgetansvar, eller som Lindvall definierar det, resultatansvar, kan suboptimeringsproblem, t.ex.

Sudoku solvers are a widely researched topic among mathematicians and computer scientists. This report investigates the differences in execution time and time complexity between backtracking and human strategies for classes with 17-21 clues. Backtracking is compared to our implementation of human strategies with test data that contains 99 Sudoku puzzles for each class. The study shows that the execution time and time complexity is improved for human strategies compared to backtracking for each class. The conclusion shows that it is always favorable to implement the human strategies investigated in the report. .

This essay aims to examine and compare Swedish and Norwegian social work with children. It is a comparative study between two social welfare offices, in districts with similar population and problems, one located in Stockholm and one in Oslo. The main questions were; how is the work organized and carried out, what type of help and assistance is available and what kind of discretion and powers do the social workers have. In our essay we used qualitative methods mostly based on interviews, vignette questionnaires and documents, but also written research. In our analysis we used modern organisation theory and street level bureaucracy to seek explanations.The two welfare offices have similarities and differences.

Syftet är att beskriva och analysera utformningen och tillämpningen av Balanced Scorecard i en sjukvårdsverksamhet samt studera huruvida modellen används som ett mätsystem eller ett managementsystem. Metoden som ligger till grund för denna uppsats är kvalitativ i form av en djupare fallstudie av en sjukvårdsverksamhet. Vi har utgått från såväl sekundärdata som primärdata för att erhålla relevant information till uppsatsen. Primärdata har samlats in via personliga intervjuer. Det teoretiska kapitlet innehåller modeller och begrepp som behandlar budget, BSC, ekonomistyrning i offentlig verksamhet och i sjukvården.

Syfte: Syftet med denna uppsats är att beskriva, analysera samt diskutera möjligheter till förbättringar av ekonomistyrningen i kommunal- respektive fristående förskola inriktade mot barn med särskilda behov.Metod:Studien har genomförts med en fallstudie där datainsamlingen skett genom semistrukturerade intervjuer. Som forskningsmetod har vi använt oss av en iterativ process. Teoretiska perspektiv: Det teoretiska perspektiv som används i studien behandlar ekonomiska styrinstrument för fristående och kommunal verksamhet. Främst har teorier kring budget, balanserat styrkort och ansvarsenheter behandlats. Empiri:Den empiri som samlats in från studieobjekten, Uroxen ochHabiliteket, har varit information från ledningen rörande de ekonomiska styrinstrument som används i förskolan.

During the last years the need for real-time database services has increased due to the growing number of data-intensive applications needing to enforce real-time constraints. The COMponent-based Embedded real-Time database (COMET) is a real-time database developed to meet these demands. COMET is developed using the AspeCtual COmponent-based Real-time system Development (ACCORD) design method, and consists of a number of components and aspects, which can be composed into a number of different configurations depending on system demands, e.g., Quality of Service (QoS) management can be used in unpredictable environments. In embedded systems with requirementson high up-time it may not be possible to temporarily shut down the system for reconfiguration. Instead it is desirable to enable dynamic reconfiguration of the system, exchanging components during run-time.

The purpose of this Masters thesis is to investigate the reasons for public libraries to have story-time today and also the reasons for story-time at the public library historically in Sweden. Why is the phenomenon of story-time still existing at public libraries today? The study is based on a questionnaire that was sent to childrens librarians in the Västra Götaland region. The material collected in this questionnaire was put together and resulted in six different categories showing the libraries purposes and thoughts of their story-time activities. The categories were: cultural heritage/tradition, joy of reading, language and imagination, library visits, storytelling and mutual experience.

Varberg Energi anser att de på ett mer tydligt sätt skulle kunna fördela sina overheadkostnader. Fördelningen av overheadkostnaderna sker på företagets rörelsegrenar som är elnät, gasnät, fjärrvärme och kabel-TV/IT. Genom fördelningen av sina overheadkostnader vill Varberg Energi få rättvisande resultat som de kan fatta beslut på. Fördelningen av overheadkostnaderna sker i Varberg Energis budget för de olika rörelsegrenarna och i den interna redovisningen. Budgeten används bland annat för planering av ekonomin.

Det finns idag en osäkerhet över hur budgeten bör användas och hur den påverkar den offentliga sektorn. I den kommunala grundskolan är det rektorerna som fördelar resurserna inom deras skola och är ansvarig för att inte gå med underskott. Samtidigt måste rektorerna ta hänsyn till det uppdrag de har från staten där elever ska få det stöd de behöver. Studiens har som syfteatt undersöka budgetens användning och utförande inom den kommunala grundskola. I den teoretiska referensramen så förklaras budgeten och vilka skillnader som förekommer mellan offentlig sektor och privat sektor.