Creating instructions is not just about words, but also about text structure. A company creates many instructions to document their management systems, which often are presented through an intranet. This study examines how the text can be presented to make content understandable and give employees the knowledge to take action. An interview survey was made at Skanska Sweden and their management system "Vårt sätt att arbeta". The results show that it is mainly about creating an overview of the system and creating separations between different text sections.

The purpose of this study is, by groupinterviewing students in upper secondary school, to investigate students comprehension of equality on a principle level and a concrete level. The questions at issue are as follows; how is the comprehension on respective levels described and is there any difference or similarities between the two levels? Further more, this study also aims to end with a discussion regarding the result from the mainpurpose in relation to the educational environment. In my conclusion there is to be find a certain difference between the comprehensions of equality on the two levels. The conception of equality is in the beginning principled and there is no exception from the worth of every individual but however, when the conception is brought out in reality it gets depended of its context and the comprehension for equality becomes more dynamic. The project will be completed with a discussion regarding the results in relation to the educational environment. .

The purpose of this thesis is to illustrate the conception of creativity. Observation and interview illustrate teachers´ views of the concept, as well as the use there of. Classes in ensemble and aestethics have been observed. The reason for choosing these two classes is to give the investigator the oppurtunity to observe several students at the same time and it also makes possible for the investigator to observe several instrumentalists´ use of their instruments. Interviews have been conducted with teachers in the observed classes.

The following text constitutes an attempt to present the French philosopher Gilbert Simondon's genetic ontology through an account of his reconfiguration of the problem of individuation in his doctoral thesis from 1958, L'individuation à la lumière des notions de forme, information, potentiel, métastabilité. The intention is to show how Simondon through this reconfiguration of a classical philosophical problem ? in which concepts and schemas from contemporary physics and technology is utilised in a critique of the bi-polar hylomorphic schema as its traditional, substantialistic solution ? becomes able to articulate an anti-substantialistic and anti-reductionistic ontogenesis as first philosophy. A systematic philosophical conception that according to Simondon precedes every critical investigation of the subject as well as every scientific ontology ? not by establishing a pre-critical position, but by exceeding Kant's critical position: that is, through a displacement toward a conception of the transcendental conditions for the genesis of being and thought as real conditions, rather than conditions of mere possibility.

Enligt Skolverkets kommentarmaterial till kursplanen i svenska i Lgr 11, är betydelsen av det så kallade ?vidgade textbegreppet? fortfarande viktigt i svenskundervisningen, trots att begreppet i sig inte används längre. Betyder det att olika slags medier är vanligt förekommande i svenskundervisningen, och särskilt i litteraturundervisningen?Den här uppsatsen behandlar omständigheterna kring de textmedier som man väljer i litteraturundervisningen och ämnar besvara följande frågor:? Vilka begrepp och uttryck nämns i kursplanen i svenska i Lgr 11 och hur används de?? Vilken betydelse lägger en svensklärare i dessa begrepp och uttryck och hur används de generellt?En analys av kursplanen i svenska, fokuserad på begreppsanvändning i anknytning till litteraturundervisning, lägger grunden som sedan byggs vidare på med en undersökning av en yrkesverksam svensklärare och hennes elever, samt en utforskning av hur utvalda begrepp används utanför skolans värld.Forskningen visar att det sätt begrepp används på i kursplanen gör det svårt för multimodala texter att ta plats i svenskundervisningen, trots påståendet att ?det vidgade textbegreppets? innebörd fortfarande är viktigt. Men studien visar också att det finns fler faktorer än bara kursplanen som influerar vilka texter som väljs ut till att användas i klassrummet.

This thesis examines the effects of proximity operators and query expansion with synonyms on retrieval performance. The queries were expanded with synonyms and structured with proximity operators where the permitted distance between terms varied from 1 to 3. The expansion terms were selected from the online lexical reference system WordNet. Initial query terms were selected from 28 topics that contained compound words and were chosen on the basis of their expandibility. The English morphological analyser ENGTWOL was used for normalization of query terms.

This master?s thesis aims to study the practice of separating popular genres of fiction from the rest of the fiction stock, often seen at public libraries. The method being used is critical discourse analysis according to Norman Fairclough?s three-dimensional conception of discourse. The textual dimension of this analysis is the book shelf itself and the sociocultural practice is the everyday practice at a public library of supplying and mediating books to the visitors.

Objective: The aim of the study is to describe pupils' understanding of the mathematical concept of function. How do pupils define the concept of function? What images of the concept of function evoke when they solve tasks, which involve identifying and constructing functions?Theory: A student's thinking about a mathematical concept depends on more than just the formal definition of the concept; therefore Tall and Vinner introduce the term concept image to describe the role cognitive structures play when students learn about concepts. The cognitive structure includes all mental images, associated properties and processes that an individual associates with a given concept. According to Sfard, an individual's understanding of mathematical concepts may have different character: an operational conception, where a concept is conceived as a process and a structural conception, where the given concept is conceived as an object, that is, as a whole.Method: 16 pupils at the Science Program at two different upper secondary schools inSweden answered a questionnaire on the mathematical concept of function.

This essay is a qualitative study that examines seven teachers ? views on argumentative texts. The aim is to examine how teachers work and discuss argumentative texts, and how they work to develop students ? writing. The main question is: What are the teachers experience, perception and attitude about working with argumentative text? Furthermore: What specific features are important when they mark this type of text? : How do teachers work with formative grading in terms of writing this type of text? Research shows that Swedish students ? ability to write argumentative texts are inadequate.

In this study I compare the use of reporting verbs in direct speech in Swedish and Polish literary prose. The aim is to examine how differences in usage are reflected in translations to and from Swedish and to what extent the translator adapts the text to the target language and its literary conventions.I have compared the material on two levels: source text versus source text in Polish and Swedish respectively, to see what kind of speech verbs are most commonly used, and source text versus target text, to study the strategies the translators have used and to what extent reporting verbs are altered or not.I have also studied quotation verb + adverbial phrase or prepositional phrase, to investigate if they are more frequent in the two target texts or adapted to the literary concentions of the target language. .

The essay is about the concept of text in a wider perspective, what can be included in that, how it can be used and above all, why one might want to use it. The essay will also include what the term popular culture implies, and school?s attitude towards it, since some of the medias that are a part of the text in a wider perspective, many times fits the description ?popular culture?. Most of the earlier research show that the positive aspects of the use of text in a wider perspective as the same time as it attacks school because school is opposing the popular culture.       The essay consists of two parts and it begins with a theoretical part where I present existing research about the concept of text in a wider perspective and the research about popular culture.

En vetenskaplig text. Hoppas att denna text blir till nytta för kommande studenter och blivande lärare..

The aim of this thesis is to study what conceptions of literature that are present in the teacher magazine Svenskläraren between the years 1985 and 2012. In other words: what is the underlying view on literature's value as a teaching aid and why should we study it in school? I relate my analysis to previous research about the use of fiction in education. A critical methodology has been used to study the material. In my results I distinguish three conceptions of literature that are present in Svenskläraren.

Title: Market Communication in transformation Authors: Gabriella Holm and Christoffer LarssonPurpose/Aim: The purpose of this paper is to examine how market communication at PR-firms in Sweden has changed over the first decade of the 21-century. In 2007 social media expanded on the Swedish market. This had implications for the way we are looking at communication and therefore also the PR business and how they are operating. The aim with this paper is to see how social media have affected marketing communication at PR-firms.Methodology: This paper is based on case studies from Swedish PR-firms. We used five cases from 2003-2005 and five from 2010-2012.

The aim of this thesis is to expand the understanding of 16th century Flemish art by approaching paintings by artists Pieter Aertsen (1508-1575), Joachim Beuckelaer (1533-1574) and Pieter Bruegel (c. 1525-1569) from a different perspective. This is done by extending the discourse of art history, into a discourse of literary history and primarily 16th century novels by authors such as François Rabelais and Miguel de Cervantes. The paintings are studied in relation to these 16th century novels, by comparison and as a testament of this specific time period. A widening contextualization is also constructed in which a connection to the expression of the carnivals ambivalent form, as well as the notion of lower classes is explored.