Nobel Prize Laureate Joseph Brodsky is a key figure in Soviet Russian literature. Expelled from the USSR in 1972, he became a US citizen in 1977 and Poet Laureate of the United States in 1991. In this essay, I have sought to examine the state of exile perceived in Brodsky?s poems. Using Russian literary critic Viktor Shklovsky?s concept of defamiliarization, I have strived to illuminate the formal composition of this state ? its technique.

Today many people immigrate to Sweden, many of them with another religious belonging than the Christian. According to Lpfö98 and Lpo94, the Kindergarten and the school have the task to help alla the pupils to develop an understanding for their own cultural inheritance and the the swedish culture. The task is also to make the pupils feel as a part of the common culture.The aim with this essay is to investigate if - and how - the teachers in two different schools are u sing the immigrant pupils experiences and knowledge about other cultures and religions than the Christian. Does the teachers use the parents of the immigrant pupils or other relatives as a resource in their teaching?We also wanted to investigate what the teachers are doing with the pupils of another religious belonging than the Christian, who is not allowed to join the celebration of Christian festivals in school, such as Easter, Christmas and breaking-up ceremonies in the church.In this essay we have used a form.

The purpose of this thesis is to present a review of research themes and practice in the field of art image registration. The objectives of the review are twofold. The primary task is to distinguish which problems, in regard to theory and practice, that have been dealt with in the field of art image registration and the secondary task is to investigate which discursive, institutional and tool-related factors have had an impact on theoretical discussions and practice in the art image domain. The empirical content in the review is structured according to four epistemological viewpoints and is analyzed with a domain analytical approach. The result of the study is that two major problems are frequently discussed in the art image domain, namely lack of standardization and which discourse is the best suited for registration of art images.

This report describes the development of a sample loader for my diploma work at Q-linea AB in Uppsala. The sample loader will replace the process of loading fluid samples into Q-linea?s instrument for biomolecule analysis. The earlier process was done by hand and was a time consuming and inefficient task.The work was initiated with a design phase where an overview of the system was created. The sample loader will be receiving text commands from a PC that coordinates all the subsystems like pumps and lasers on the analysis instrument.

My paper deals with SMS and IM language's impact on students' language in school. Text messaging and instant messaging involves several simplifications and abbreviations for the user to be able to write quickly and short but in the same time have made them understood by the recipient. The spelling, punctuation and use of capital letters are also of a secondary importance when writing via the text chat. My purpose with this paper is to investigate the prevalence of SMS and chat language in student texts, using students in the senior level. My respondents were asked to answer a questionnaire and write a text to a picture.

Sveriges Radio stores their data in large archives which makes it hard to retrieve specific information. The sheer size of the archives makes retrieving information about a specific event difficult and causes a big problem. To solve this problem a more consistent use of metadata is needed. This resulted in an investigation about metadata and keyword genera-tion.The appointed task was to automatically generate keywords from transcribed radio shows. This included an investigation of which systems and algorithms that can be used to generate keywords, based on previous works.

This is a study of the reactions of high school students in Sweden when reading A Modest proposal (Swift, 1729). If they get the chance to write whatever they want about the text, what do they find important? This study emanates from Rosenblatts (2002) view of reading out of two different stances: the aesthetical and the efferent. The aesthetical mode is reading for pleasure and experiencing the text, whilst in efferent reading the reader is primarily focused on what he or she will carry away as information from the text (Rosenblatt). To be able to categorize the material from the students more properly, a different set of ideas about reading modes, obtained from Tengberg (2011), is also presented and used in this essay..

Syftet med det här arbetet var att undersöka vad som gör att vi minns innehållet i en text vi läst och om jag som författare kan använda särskilda tekniker för att öka chansen att läsaren kommer ihåg.Mitt arbete grundar sig främst på tidigare forskning och studier gjorda på människors minne av text. Några av de teorier som har visat sig bli viktiga i mitt arbete är Wolfe och Wodwyk?s (2010) jämförelse av narrativ och förklarande text, Meyer?s (1999) ?structure strategy? och Radvansky och Zwaan?s (1998) teori om ?situation model? och ?textbase model?.För att illustrera det jag kommit fram till i mitt arbete har jag skapat en informationsbroschyr om elavbrott. Broschyren ska fungera som ett stöd och hjälpa Sveriges allmänhet att förbereda sig inför ett elavbrott.Utöver litteraturstudier har jag även gjort ett mer kvalitativt bakgrundsarbete som intervju med Tony Abaji vid Energimyndigheten och kortare samtal med målgruppen av min artefakt. Vidare har jag analyserat ett av Energimyndighetens nuvarande informationsmaterial för att identifiera dess brister.Min slutsats är att en tydligt signalerad genre och tematisk struktur i kombination med ett, för läsaren, meningsfullt innehåll är det mest effektiva för att läsaren ska minnas informationen.

Arbetet utgår från mitt eget komponerande och syftar till att undersöka hur man som kompositör och textförfattare uppnår följsamhet mellan text och melodi, d.v.s. hur man anpassar text och melodi till varandra så att de känns som en naturlig enhet. Ett andra syfte med uppsatsen är att ta reda på om det har någon betydelse för upplevelsen av följsamhet om texten skrivits före melodin eller omvänt. Undersökningsmaterialet omfattar tre delar: ett låtmaterial på sex låtar (tre där melodin komponerats först och tre där texten skrivits först), en dagbok och till sist en enkät med efterföljande gruppdiskussion (deltagare var sex sångare och sex kompositörer). Jag kom fram till fem typer av överensstämmelse som utan inbördes rangordning ger följsamhet mellan text och melodi: a) mellan språkets rytm och melodins rytm: b) mellan språkmelodi och musikalisk melodi: c) mellan språkliga och melodiska betoningar: d) mellan språklig och melodisk klang: e) mellan känsla eller stämning i språket och melodin.

The aim of this study is to examine if the leadership style in Faiveley Transport Nordic Ltd has an impact on the psychosocial climate in the workplace. Henceforth, we have checked if the psychosocial climate influences the feeling of satisfaction that exists in the organization and if this in turn influences the degree of extra effort the employee chooses to impose on his or her task. In order to measure the leadership in the organization we have used the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ). The climate, in turn, has been measured through Ekvalls GEFA. All 125 employees in Faiveley Transport Nordic Ltd got the possibility to attend the survey, 58 participated.

The aim of this thesis is to describe passage retrieval (PR), with basis in results from various empirical experiments, and to critically investigate different approaches in PR. The main questions to be answered in the thesis are: (1) What characterizes PR? (2) What approaches have been proposed? (3) How well do the approaches work in experimental information retrieval (IR)? PR is a research topic in information retrieval, which instead of retrieving the fulltext of documents, that can lead to information overload for the user, tries to retrieve the most relevant passages in the documents. This technique was investigated studying a number of central articles in the research field. PR can be divided into three different types of approaches based on the segmentation of the documents.

This study focuses on two text books, Magasinet and Ess i svenska, both common teaching material in Swedish schools. Since Swedish school system recently got a new curriculum and grading criteria, the purpose with this essay was to see how well the teaching materials used in school match the new documents.Since the subject has not really been studied before, the chapter containing recent studies focuses on layout, appearance and contents of good teaching material. The survey that I have implemented includes studies of the two text books, with comparison of the new curriculum, grading criteria and previous studies of what makes a good text book.Conclusions were that Magasinet is very comprehensive and match the criteria and curriculum very well, even though it spans over four classes and has to cover a lot of information. However, since it covers so much information, each section sometimes feels not as thorough as it perhaps should have been. Ess i svenska on the other hand, is a good complement to use in ninth grade, if you have studied the previous books for seventh and eight grade in the series.

Achievement Goal Theory (AGT) utgår ifrån att alla individer vill visa sin kompetens vilket tar sig uttryck i två målinriktningar; ego och task. Individen påverkas av omgivningen som driver ett motivationsklimat som kan uttryckas i samma typer av målinriktning. Motivationsklimatet och målinriktningarna anses påverka hur individen agerar och hanterar t.ex. ängslan/oro och prestation. Denna studie behandlar samband mellan individuella målinriktningar, upplevt motivationsklimat drivet av tränare, träningskamrater och föräldrar, tävlingsrelaterad ängslan/oro och upplevd prestation.

The purpose of my project is to determine how a multimodal/intermedial text can be used when teaching in upper secondary school. Can using a text that to some point is current in the pupils? lives lift the interest for the specific subject? I opted to pick up Gunther Kress? research, Diana Laurillard?s book and Christina Olin-Scheller?s work on the subject. I have used several hours of lesson planning and the lesson itself with subsequent work consisting, among other things, of three qualitative interviews to achieve my purpose. Based on a qualitative approach, I discuss the results, which show that it is in fact very uplifting.

Undersökningen syftar till att synliggöra hur värderingar och normer tar sig uttryck i bild och text i tre svenska läroböcker i historia för gymnasiet. Tanken på bilden som ett redskap och vilka effekter bilden har för undervisningen vad gäller perspektiven miljö och jämställdhet är frågor som behandlas. Hur kommer perspektiven till uttryck i bild och text i läroböckerna? Hur väl korresponderar uttrycken med de skrivningar som finns i skolans styrdokument vad gäller miljö och jämställdhet? Dessa frågor har genom en kvantitativ men framförallt kvalitativ metod för text- och bildanalys angripits och analyserats. Resultatet visar att lärobokens bilder, dess funktioner och möjligheter att fungera som ett redskap för att lyfta ett miljö- och jämställdhetsperspektiv i undervisningen är ytterst begränsat..