Our study is focused on how the public sector can collaborate with the private sector on a certain issue. The public sector wanted to create a project to increase bicycling in the municipality of Kalmar. Our problem was to develop a sustainable way to collaborate between the two parties. We managed to present a suggestion on how the public sector with communication could improve their Public Relations with the private sector and therefore letting the parties benefit from their differences, thus making it possible to release synergy.Using semi-structured interviews and a workshop, we could clarify the values and attitudes of the parties to bring forth the core values to develop a shared vision. Where the identified differences were found, we used a dialog strategy based on intercultural conflict management as a communication tool.

Traditionally, it has been argued that companies are only responsible towards their shareholders, to maximize the profits. But lately it has changed into another way of responsibilty. It has become of great importance to demonstrate sustainable long-term values for stakeholders to identify with. This thesis aims to clarify the banks? definition of responsible investment and what criteria they assume when talking about such kind of investments.

Tolerance and resistance are two different defence mechanisms within the immune system that differ from each other in many ways: However it is not clear which of the two is the most advantageous in dairy production. Resistance is described as the ability to fight a pathogen in a host. Tolerance is, on the other hand, not aggressive to the pathogen per se, but rather protects the host and its tissues. Furthermore tolerance rather offsets the toxin from, for example, a parasite whilst resistance offsets the parasite itself. Resistance is however disease specific, which means breeding for a large number of diseases is needed in order to make resistance worth the cost for the host.

This thesis examines the verification of the terms and conditions stated in contracts based on the Public Procurement Act. In March 2013 the Swedish state procurement commission released " Good Business - A Strategy for Sustainable Public Procurement " (SOU 2013:12), which found that the proportion of control and verification is relatively low. The thesis examine how verification is carried out and looks for an explanation to why verification is not more oftenly performed. To answer these questions two care studies, based on seven semi-structured interviews, is presented as the empirical material. Network theory has been used to analyse the empirical results, and aspects of commonly used theories such as contract management and "Markets and Hierarchies" by Williamson has also been taken into account.

Energy is an essential part of the society and for a sustainable future we need to use the energy resources in a sustainable way. The forest is Sweden?s most important resource for renewable energy and a higher production combined with shorter rotation periods (time from planting to clear cutting) can increase the access to energy. The tree genus poplar (Populus spp.) is interesting as energy resource as it has both high production and short rotation period. But browsing ungulates are a major threat to the establishment of poplar plants and therefore the poplar plantations need to be fenced in today. To use fences is expensive and time consuming; this makes it interesting to find more cost-effective solutions where there is no need to fence. The aim with this study was to look at the ungulates? occupation rate and browsing pressure in poplar plantations without fence.

This report is about the impact climate change has on the water and sewage systems in general, and the situation in the municipality of Karlstad in particular. Which vulnerabilities are linked to water and sewage systems with regard to climate change and extreme weather situations, what are the possibilities to adapt the system to this and what significance does climate adaptation of the water and sewage systems have in relation to sustainable development?To answer these questions I have studied literature on the subject and interviewed several people who work with these types of questions. The answers I have received state that there are a multitude of vulnerabilities linked to the water- and sewage systems, but that there are also many strong interests which strive to take measures and adapt to a changed climate. I have also come to the conclusion that the starting points and views of the possibilities to act differs between the people that I have interviewed, but that theses problems are built into the concept of democracy..

A new type of chartered holiday, fitness holiday, has evolved during the last years and has also been mentioned in different media channels. Despite this, fitness holiday is a relatively new and unexplored phenomenon, which caught our interest to further explore this. The desire to travel on a holiday of this type has also increased. Therefore, a study about this particular phenomenon with focus on the traveler?s motives behind the choice to go has been done.It?s a qualitative study and most part of the data has been collected during a field study to Playitas Resort, Canary Islands.

Vårt syfte är att studera vad ett företagsekonomiskt perspektiv på strategisk ledning innebär för en komplex turismdestination. En del av den strategiska planeringen på en destination kan innefatta en strategi för turismen och vidare vill vi därför betrakta begreppet turismstrategi, för att utifrån olika tankesätt analysera kring denna strategi och dess användning inom planeringen för destinationen. Med utgångspunkt i syftet har vi valt att utföra en kvalitativ empirisk undersökning i form av både personliga intervjuer och intervjuer per telefon och e-post. Respondenterna har utgjorts av 24 beslutsfattare inom turismnäringen hos svenska kommuner. Vidare har vi tillämpat lämplig litteratur samt vetenskapliga artiklar.

Climate change is an increasingly widely known concept. In the EU the construction sector is responsible for more than a third of the carbon dioxide emissions and 40 % of the total energy use. In Sweden, measures have been taken to prevent this climate change. By 16 targets, three of which can be linked to the construction sector, Sweden will reduce the negative trend. None of the three goals with relation to the construction sector will however be achieved before 2020.

Abstract: Uppsatsens problematik grundas i ett ökat nyttjande av kulturarv som resurs inom turismbranschen där kulturarv används för att skapa attraktiva besöksmål. Kulturarvet omvandlas till en handelsvara vilket kan få konsekvenser. Uppsatsen handlar både om en komplex urvalsprocess och intressanta aspekter kring hur besöksmålen väljer att skildra sitt kulturarv för att locka besökare samt hur kulturarvet påverkas av att det utvecklas till en kommersiell produkt. Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka hur kulturarv används som resurs för att skapa attraktiva besöksmål på en destination. Genom att kulturarv används som resurs för att skapa attraktiva besöksmål anser vi att det sker ett aktivt urval kring kulturarv utifrån tre nivåer.

Den här uppsatsen har ambitionen att studera och dra slutsatser gällande den litauiska tjänstemarknadens möjligheter att ta till sig moderna ekonomiska företeelser, mer specifikt upplevelseekonomin, genom att ta till hjälp modeller och teorier hämtade från flera olika forskningsfält. Uppsatsen byggs upp med en diskursiv ansats där de olika teorierna används var och en för sig för att beskriva och förklara de fenomen vår empiri givit.Vi har konstaterat att det, i och med de kvardröjande mentala och fysiska strukturer som är sprungna ur den sovjetiska ockupationen, finns betydande begränsningar inför skapandet av en upplevelseekonomi på den litauiska tjänstemarknaden. För att kunna beskriva dessa mentala och fysiska strukturer presenterar vi ett för forskningsområdet nytt begrepp, nostalgija, som är sprunget ur befolkningens förhållningssätt, både till sin historia och till marknadsekonomins frammarsch.I och med de slutsatser vi gör om Litauens tjänstemognadsgrad, kan vi sen dra slutsatser om lämpligheten i vår användning av valda teoretiska verktygslåda. Vi finner att vi med dessa annars disparata teorier och modeller till hjälp kan nå längre, och presentera ny kunskap som annars inte kunnat utläsas ur en dylik begränsad studie. Dock poängteras att teorierna inte kan anses vara tillämpliga tillsammans i något annat sammanhang än i just den här diskursen..

This thesis examines the verification of the terms and conditions stated in contracts based on the Public Procurement Act. In March 2013 the Swedish state procurement commission released " Good Business - A Strategy for Sustainable Public Procurement " (SOU 2013:12), which found that the proportion of control and verification is relatively low. The thesis examine how verification is carried out and looks for an explanation to why verification is not more oftenly performed. To answer these questions two care studies, based on seven semi-structured interviews, is presented as the empirical material. Network theory has been used to analyse the empirical results, and aspects of commonly used theories such as contract management and "Markets and Hierarchies" by Williamson has also been taken into account.

The way we design our cities today will affect the living conditions for future generations. Planning as a discipline can become crucial to attain a sustainable urban development with an increased quality of life among the urban population and an improved environment. Urban Agriculture in the Sustainable City -a case study in Managua is a Diploma Work that deal with poverty issues, aspects of sustainability and development work. We have had a theoretical starting-point, but our focus has been on the case study i.e. the practical part, that we carried out in Managua, the capital of Nicaragua. Today about half of the worlds 6,3 billion people live in cities. The demographic growth of the countryside has declined, while the population in the cities is considerably increasing.

Increased consciousness about environmental and sustainable issues has led to consumers and companies who are more in favor of reuse and recycle. Even though this is a fact, people today are buying new things more often compared to before. For instance for a mobile phone the functionality lifecycle is eight years which can be related to the economic lifecycle today which is 1.5 years compared to 3 years in 1995. Only 1-2 percent of the mobile phones thrown away in Sweden today are handed in for recycling. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether an international company within the recycling and reuse of mobile phone industry has a market in Sweden.

Portable is a project with its starting point in plastic bags, how they negatively affect our planet and how people´s patterns of behavior and qualities of life are affected when people try to live more envi¬ronmentally friendly. Now we have reached the point when peoples way of living and consuming in the western world has to change. This is nothing new and we can now see that sustainability is start¬ing to get attention in every area.Today plastic bags are used on average for 12 minutes. Only one out of 200 is reused, and then only once . This is not sustainable at all.