Läraryrkets ställning är ett återkommande tema i dagens debatter om skolan. Denna studie försöker kartlägga hur läraryrkets ställning såg ut på 1800-talet, genom att jämföra enskilda lärares minnesanteckningar med den utbildningshistoriska forskning som finns om ämnet idag, samt genom en internationell jämförelse. Lärarminnena som utgör källmaterialet till denna studie är skrivna av fyra manliga folkskollärare och en kvinnlig småskolelärarinna. Den forskningen som fungerar som den teoretiska ramen för denna studie har avgränsat tre strukturer som formar läraryrket: den sociala strukturen, den kulturella strukturen samt lärares agentskap. Uppsatsens syfte är att öka kunskapen om läraryrkets status under 1800-talet genom att undersöka huruvida dessa strukturer har påverkat lärarens ställning.

Nobel Prize Laureate Joseph Brodsky is a key figure in Soviet Russian literature. Expelled from the USSR in 1972, he became a US citizen in 1977 and Poet Laureate of the United States in 1991. In this essay, I have sought to examine the state of exile perceived in Brodsky?s poems. Using Russian literary critic Viktor Shklovsky?s concept of defamiliarization, I have strived to illuminate the formal composition of this state ? its technique.

Öring (Salmo trutta) och stensimpa (Cottus gobio) är två vanligt förekommande arter i Sverige. En fråga som lyfts allt mer frekvent i olika artiklar och publikationer är hur dessa två arter påverkar varandra och vilka faktorer som påverkar denna interaktion. (Gabler & Amundsen 1999, Holmen et al. 2003, Elliot 2006, Hesthagen et al. 2010).

This paper attempts to trace the journey of Adonis from ancient Mesopotamia, through Phoenicia and finally to Greece, and to see how his function and cult have evolved during this migration. It starts with a short summary of previous research regarding Adonis and goes on to describe the myths and the rites of Adonis as they were celebrated in Alexandria, Byblos and Athens. I then examine possible connections to ritual drama, the mystery religions and whether there is any evidence that the Adonia might have been a germination ritual.My conclusions are that Adonis loses his connection to the growing cycle and the ideology of sacred kingship with the move to Greece where the political system with independent city states is different, and that there has been too much focus on Adonis as a vegetation god. Since Adonis is connected with the ancient Near Eastern cults of sacral kingship it might be more rewarding to consider the death aspects associated with his cult and the possibility of ancestral worship in relation to a ruler. This would make some of the otherwise puzzling aspects of his cult more understandable..

The purpose of this paper is to study and describe the occurrence and conditions of aesthetic subjects and choral singing in Swedish upper secondary schools 2014. The paper is based on seven recorded individual interviews with three music teachers, four principals and one director of education in three upper secondary schools in Sweden. The study uses discursive psychology and the interviews were analysed with focus on music teachers and school leaders interpretative repertoires and rhetorical strategies and how they use the language to legitimate aesthetic subjects in an upper secondary school context. In the most recent upper secondary school reform of 2011 the aesthetic subjects are no longer mandatory. Today there are different ways to provide opportunities for the students to participate in music activities but since the government no longer decides how it shall be implemented it is up to the management of each school to determine the activities.The statement made by the informants are interesting in relation to the status of music subjects, but due to the limited scope of the paper, no general conclusions can be drawn.

In this study we have analysed from an intersectional perspective two textbooks Historia 1b and Progress Gold A which are purposed to be used as teaching material in Swedish schools in the subjects of History and English. Our question and reason for doing the analysis is to emphasise and make the variety of women in the books visible in order to compare that variety to the one that is demanded by the Swedish curriculum. The analysis is made from an ideology critical perspective and contains quantitative elements. Our conclusion is that the material contains both excluding and including features. Some intersectional categories are well represented while others, like functionality and religion, are not.

Både människor och djur har i alla tider och alla kulturer sett vissa individer i sin omgivning som ledare. De har känt sig manade att lyssna på dem, följa dem och tro på dem. Jag har intresserat mig för vad det är som föranleder detta beteende, eftersom det är min fasta övertygelse att det styr vårt samspel med andra individer än idag, överallt och ständigt. I sökandet efter en biologisk förklaring, där vissa egenskaper och kroppsliga attribut sannolikt spelar betydligt större roll än andra, har jag utgått ifrån begreppet hög social status (äv. högstatus).

The distribution of work related tasks depending on gender leads to different appraisal depending on which gender is performing a task. This aim of this research is to study how gender differences influence task allocation within the restaurant industry. The study is inspired by a discourse analysis perspective complemented by constructivist and critical pragmatic theory. Interviews were conducted in two focus groups with seven participants in total. The analysis is divided into four sections which answer six discourse analytical questions using the interview material.

BackgroundIncreased prevalence of obesity in children- and young adults and risk for diseases related to obesity will increase the burden on medical care. It is important to identify early risk factors that can be noticed by nurses in the daily work.AimThe aim was to investigate whether children- and young adults themselves perceive overweight as a problem and if there was a difference in the measured activity levels between overweight children- and young adults in families with different socio-economic family status.Method descriptionExisting survey from the Obesity Centre at the Akademiska Sjukhuset were examined together with the results from an accelerometer, where children- and young adults activity was recorded, compared to their perception of how active they were. The results were compared using a statistical software program and compiled with descriptive and non-parametric statistics.ResultsThe results do suggest that the majority of children- and young adults experiencing excessive weight have a problem in their everyday lives. Nearly half overestimate themselves as more active than what the actual measurements with accelerometer demonstrated. Much time is spent in front of the TV and computers.

VARN A network multiplayer 2D action game written in Java. All games that support any form of play across networks is in one way or another affected by the delay, or "ping", that occurs from the time it takes for information to travel over the wires. Not only does it take time, it varies depending on how far away the connected partner is and the current status of the network you are on. Through the years a lot of different methods have been developed to combat these delays. I have reviewed some of these methods and implemented a synchronization system in Java meant to be used in online action multiplayer games..

During the past years fire has been identified as an important factor for nature conservation in the forest landscape. To accurately quantify the size of a burnt area is obviously important, but also to quantify the degree of fire damage to the tree canopy. Such data are important for assessing the conservation value, and to support planning and management of the burned area in the future. I have examined how to estimate the status of tree crowns after fire from interpretation of aerial photographs. This is possible because fire changes the structure of tree crowns and this influences the colours in aerial photographs by spectral reflection. Included in the study are four areas, three of which burned in 2005 and one in 2006.

In 1989 the United States choose, after years of conflict, to carry out a military intervention in Panama, to remove Manuel Noriega, convicted for drug dealing and for threatening the lives of the Americans living in Panama. The aim of this study is to examine whether George H. W Bush?s arguments for the military intervention comply with the principles of the just war.The method chosen for this study is a qualitative literature study, based primarily on secondary data. It is a case study with two complementing theories, the theory of the just war and the world system theory.The result showed that the American intervention both can be justified and unjustified following the principles of the Just War Theory.

The study examines risk perception and crisis preparedness among personnel at high-schools. The focus is set on teachers and leaders at four high-schools in Örebro municipality, Sweden. The purpose of the study is to examine crisis preparedness and identify factors which influences risk perception and crisis preparedness. The survey consisted of a questionnaire which was completed by 95 respondents. The results show that better information about the crisis preparedness in the schools is needed.

Syftet med denna studie har varit att belysa hur en grupp pedagoger talar om sin undervisning i svenska som andraspråk utifrån skolorganisation, undervisningsformer och ämnets gagn för elevers lärande Det empiriska materialet grundar sig i kvalitativa intervjuer med åtta undervisande svenska som andraspråkslärare.Resultaten visar att lärare som har kunskap om styrdokumentens betydelse för ämnet har en större möjlighet att höja ämnets status bland kollegor, föräldrar och elever..

The distribution of work related tasks depending on gender leads to different appraisal depending on which gender is performing a task. This aim of this research is to study how gender differences influence task allocation within the restaurant industry. The study is inspired by a discourse analysis perspective complemented by constructivist and critical pragmatic theory. Interviews were conducted in two focus groups with seven participants in total. The analysis is divided into four sections which answer six discourse analytical questions using the interview material.