Logistics is an important concept in the organizational context in which the planning of flows, services and products are treated. Logistics handles supplier management, supply of materials, production and distribution. The distribution of goods can be managed with different types of transportation depending on price and time aspects. The lowest transport cost for larger amount of goods is by maritime shipping. A common carrier used in transportation of goods is a standardized ISO- container.

The right to the city has lately become the rallying cry for many urban social movements all over the world to challenge neoliberal planning, gentrification, the privatization of urban commons and growing spatial and social gaps in city and society. This senior essay studies urban social movements that in different ways advocate the idea of the right to the city. The term right to the city was coined in the late 1960s by French urban theorist Henri Lefebvre, who promoted the idea of the city as a common, a space belonging to everyone. The right to the city is not ?a return to traditional cities?, but ?a right to urban life? (1996:158).This study focuses on the city of Hamburg.

The aim with the literature study is to inform about the risks that exists in large dairy farms(with focus on mastitis and hoof health) and to inform about the milk industry in Sweden.Personal comments from two study visits (Nötcenter Viken and Vadsbo Mjölk AB) arelinked together with the literature and forms into a discussion regarding sustainableagriculture versus the milk cow's welfare.The profitability for Sweden's milk farmers have decreased because of the decreased milkprice and current inflation. This leads to an increase in herdsize in order to make a profit.The milk cow herds in Sweden becomes fewer year by year and the herdsize increases. Theincreased herdsize can cause a decrease in the time the farmer spends per animal. This canaffect early disease detection and prolong the animals suffering.Swedish Board of Agriculture published (2008) statistics showing that today's milk cow ismedicated primarily because of two reasons; mastitis or hoof problems. Mastitis is thereason to two thirds of all treatments that are carried out.

The purpose of this study has been to investigate advantages and problems with distributionsystem metering in substations. This report is a study in cooperation with Göteborg Energi.The analyses in this report are made for GENAB, a subsidiary company of Göteborg Energi.To analyse advantages and problems in advance is interesting information for GENAB. Theresult of the report could be based upon whether installation of metering in distributionsubstations will be implemented and in that case which kind of measurement that is relevant.The most relevant and strategic place to implement measurement is at the distributionsubstations on the secondary side (400V), this is due to the placement of the currenttransformers. The measurements in this study involve current, voltage, power, power factor,temperature, energy and power quality.Measuring instruments that are relevant to implement are intended to measure current,voltage, power, power factor, energy and, possibly, power quality in the same measuring unit.It is desirable to have a measuring instrument that measures both energy and power qualitybut since it is most often a cost question, it can be established that energy meters have a lowercost.Metering in distribution substations gives a better illustration of the power network. Thisresults in many advantages for GENAB.

Riksdagens 15 nationella miljökvalitetsmål har utvecklats för att kunna säkra de hot som finns för att uppnå en ekologisk hållbar utveckling. Myndigheter, kommuner och statliga organ ska arbeta aktivt med dessa miljöfrågor i planeringsobjekt för att bidra till att på sikt uppnå dessa miljömål. Idag finns kritik och problem gällande miljömålen då många mål anses vara svårtolkade och diffusa. Målen blir därför svåra att hantera och i planeringsobjektet. Eftersom arbetet med de nationella miljömålen inte finns reglerat idag finns en debatt gällande vilken status miljömålen har i dagens samhälle.

At the moment in central Täby there are small district heating network operated by Fortum Heat. The distribution network has an annual heat demand of about 70 GWh, which is supported by the network's two plants, Galten and Farmen. Täby as a region is rapidly growing and there are grand plans to develop the area. Estimated market potential for a future district heating expansion in Täby is very high and as early as in 2007 Täby decided to invest in a large-scale expansion. In autumn 2009 Täby did a procurement process, known as the ?Täby initiative?, to find a partner that could implement those expansion plans. To secure a cheap basic production the partner also need to build a power plant at Hagby recycling center. Despite high interest during initial state of the process, only one procurement offer were received and Täby suspended the contract in March the following year.

Problems with wild boars are increasing in Sweden and some people argue that the wild boar population must decrease. This is mostly the opinion by farmers, while the hunters want more wild boars in Sweden. Today the population is the strongest in the south of Sweden and in the eastern parts of the country. However the population is growing stronger in other parts of Sweden as well. The population origins from these areas where they escaped from pens around 1970.

Arbetet är en teoristyrd fallstudie på Amiralen och Slottsbackens handelsområden, med syfte att undersöka möjligheten att skapa en trevligare visuell externhandelsmiljö med hjälp av förtätning och funktionsintegrering. För att göra detta jämför och förenas handelsperspektiv på platsen med kända stadsbyggnadsbegrepp. Arbetes teori grundar sig på Jane Jacobs syn på staden som centrum för mångfald, Joel Garreaus teoretiserande av externhandelscentrumen utifrån begreppet Edge Cities, samt en syn på den täta staden som en hållbar stad. För att skapa den mångfaldiga staden krävs en inplantering av olika funktioner med olika tidsscheman, så att gaturummet ständigt befolkas av en varierande sammansättning människor. Vid sidan av detta förespråkas små kvarter, en tät stad med hög koncentration av människor och en bebyggelse med blandad bebyggelse från olika tidsåldrar.

The goal of this paper is to provide a model for a sustainable electricity system to an island, in the Pacific Ocean near the equator.The method which has been used is to model supply and demand of electricity in the computer program Stella, through the creation of a dynamic system that balances them against each other. The result from the model will then be used to calculate the electricity price per kWh for the island.The result of the work is that electricity from solar energy is comparable with electricity produced from oil, if the oil pays for all its external costs, and the potential for pumped hydro storage plants is located. It also requires that consumers of electricity can be their own producers to avoid the expenditure of tax and reducing the cost of distribution. But since oil is a finite resource and has had a rising cost in recent years, while solar energy has had a declining cost, perhaps this will be a more competitive solution in the future.

The Apollo butterfly, Parnassius apollo, is categorized as Near Threatened (NT) in IUCN Red List. Today in Sweden it is found only in strongly fragmentized populations. In the county of Stockholm, P. apollo exists exclusively in some islands of the archipelago and with one mainland population in Stora Vika. This study has the purpose of expanding the knowledge of the local conditions for the butterfly in the south parts of the county of Stockholm and thereby contributes to a sustainable land management that can preserve the Apollo butterfly.A comparative study was done between areas where the butterfly today have: a stable population (Stora Vika, Utö and Ålö), has disappeared (Muskö and Yxlö) or is strongly declining (north part of Ornö).

Förtätningar kan både gynna staden, dess invånare och hållbarheten men även hota dessa värden. Enligt plan- och bygglagen (PBL 2010:900) ska hänsyn tas till både allmänna och enskilda intressen men enligt 2 kap. 2 § PBL ska företräde ges åt sådan användning som från allmän synpunkt medför en god hushållning. Trots detta händer det att enskilda intressen gynnas framför allmänna intressen, exempelvis när förtätningar sker i offentliga parker utan att allmänheten kompenseras. Syftet med arbetet är att undersöka hur städer kan förtätas utan att allmänintresset missgynnas.

This thesis deals with urban planning in connection with social and spatial integration.It´s a study of a new planning project in Malmö in southern Sweden. It´s an interesting case because this new, fashionable area will be located next to areas facing socio-economical challanges and stagnation. By using two theoretical models I analyse how the visions for planning a city are formulated and applied when policy is going to be operated. My models are ?the balanced community? and ?the dual community? .The conclusion is that the focus for Malmö and Hyllie is going towards emphasing the creation of attractive but segregated districs in a city.

Ett övergripande mål med ämnesvalet till denna uppsats var att belysa det ibland förbisedda men nära förhållandet mellan den byggda miljön och trafikplanering. För att synliggöra denna relation valdes ett socialt perspektiv med utgångspunkt i statistik över var människor väljer att bosätta sig. Syftet var sedan att undersöka sambandet mellan populära boendemiljöer och utformningen av deras trafiksystem. Utifrån mycket skiftande popularitet mellan olika stadsdelar i Göteborg identifierades 20-talsstadsdelen Kungsladugård som ett specialfall och två relevanta referensobjekt, Brämaregården och Högsbohöjd, valdes för att pröva trafiksystemens inverkan på dessa boendemiljöers popularitet. Studiens frågeställningar är: Finns det ett samband mellan boendemiljöers popularitet och: dess trafiksystem och parkeringslösningar? dess omgivande trafikstruktur med olika grad av barriärverkan? Brämaregården valdes för att i första hand pröva den andra frågeställningen då stadsdelen ligger utmed en tungt trafikerad motorled och godsjärnvägsspår men i övrigt har många likheter med populära Kungsladugård.

A new curriculum, entailing news for teachers as well as students, was implemented in 2011. Among other things History has been given a more prominent position in that every student will now study the subject. Can this decision lead to history being used more in the future?The aim of this thesis is to study the new curriculum, Gy11, as well the Lpf94 and Lgy70, based on Klas-Göran Karlsson´s typology where the use of history is divided into seven different categories. I will analyze the curricula, looking at what different uses of history that can be discerned as well as what changes have been made over time.

SAMMANFATTNING Södra Sandby är vad man ofta kallar en villaförort. Här bor cirka 5 500 invånare och många pendlar till Lund. Större delen av bebyggelsen är från 1970-80-tal. En stor centrumanläggning uppförd i början av 1970-talet dominerar centrala Södra Sandby, anläggningen rymmer bland annat affärer, post och café. Generellt sett är hela orten en uppvisning i bristande variation, något som är tydligt både i parkerna och bebyggelsen.