With the climate change issues growing in importance on the social agenda, the field of urban masterplanning is of no exception when it comes to minimizing the carbon footprint in a variety of projects. The aim of this thesis has been to prepare the Carbon Critical Masterplanning tool, a software plugin for carbon dioxide emissions assessment developed by Atkins, to be used in Swedish conditions. The main targets were to improve the areas of the tool associated with energy conversion and renewable energy sources, and to test the tool in a real case. A planned construction of a new campus in Albano, Stockholm was chosen for the pilot study. A 3D model was built in the tool and the carbon footprint was calculated for a variety of combinations for energy supply to the future area.

Energy efficiency has become a very topical issue that has been discussed throughout the European Union for preventing negative environmental impacts that have been associated with the consumption of energy. In the residential sector have mainly municipalities set strict requirements for the reduction of energy consumption while the renewable energy has been asked. Different concepts of low-energy buildings have been developed to reduce the cost of operation and maintenance in existing buildings such as in new ones.This thesis has aimed to minimize the energy cost of a large building which has had low energy consumption features originally. Energy reviews has been initiated in order to be able for showing how the house electricity could be carried out even more efficiently.The work was initiated through a literature study to clearly increase the reliability on the energy subject. Different concepts of low-energy buildings have been treated in connection with its specifications, afterward those have been compared with the obtained results.

Proliferative enteropathy is a group of disease conditions in pigs where the disease may vary from subclinical to critical with bloody loose feces. The etiological agent is the obligate intracellular bacteria Lawsonia intracellularis. L. intracellularis infects enterocytes from jejunum to colon. The bacteria is taken into cells and start to replicate and cause a massive proliferation of immature enterocytes.

Forskning med hjälp av mikroskopi har med tiden ställt merspecialicerade krav på utrustning som används. Utrustningenhar blivit mer bättre men samtidigt också dyrare. Enhög kostnad innebär att avancerad mikroskopi inte kan användassom ett utbildningsverktyg inom grundutbildning.Dagens studenter tvingas på så sätt förberedas för framtidensforskning genom att använda gårdagens utrustning.I detta arbete visar vi hur virtuell mikroskopi kan användasför utbildning och forskning. Virtuell mikroskopi kananvändas som komplement, eller möjligtvis ersättning, förbefintlig undervisning. Vi har demonstrerat detta genomatt utveckla en pilotapplikation som simulerar de två metodernaFLIP och FRAP.

An increase interest of new methods and tools has begun to grow in the real estate business, this new trend causes an increase in new programs that aim to simplify processes of energy-efficiency and environmental issues.After consulting with Björn Alsmark from Bjerking AB, an architect and engineering company, we made a decision that the Degree Project is going to examine the program IES (Integrated Environmental Solutions) with some integrations from Revit Architecture application.To be able to examine IES, we got access to a completed project from Bjerking. The project is a nursery school in Uppsala. An application has been handed in from Bjerking to make this project to a Green Building-certificated project. According to Bjerking own calculations (with the energy-calculation program Enorm), the consumption of energy of the nursery school is 48 percent lesser than required by BBR.An evaluation of IES and Enorm has been made with an aim to compare these two programs and find out if IES is an appropriate program to replace Enorm. Does Enorm or IES come up to BBR´s recommendations?The Degree Project cover 15 ECT, that required several adjusting and delimitations, and the study sketch ended with a literature study.After finishing the study sketch the modeling of the nursery school began.

Most of the portable electronic devices use a battery as a primary power source. Nowadays, when the applications are becoming smaller and smaller and more power efficient, the designer needs to concentrate more on reducing power consumption, using secondary power sources and introducing power storage devices. Multiple power source availability and a power storage device on the board will make the applications much more useful and efficient in everyday use. This thesis proposes a power supply unit (PSU) for wireless sensor platforms which is capable of supplying a sensor node with energy from multiple sources, as well as status information from the PSU. Present power storage devices, like electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) and batteries, have become more and more common as their characteristics have developed.

The purpose of this work has been to explore what ecosystem services a small green area in an urban environment can offer and whether specific trees can be used to maximize regulatory ecosystem services in a cultural-historical environment. Additionally, it investigates whether there is any difference in ecosystem services depending on whether these trees, or trees that better fit into the cultural-historical environment, are used. Through simulations and comparisons with existing trees in Pommerska tomten, Mariestad, Sweden, a pocket park within a national interest area, different hypothetical tree planting options are analyzed and evaluated. To measure ecosystem services, the website My-Tree, developed by the US equivalent of the Department of Agriculture, was used. By inputting data about the tree, such as location, species, vitality, stem diameter, and solar exposure, My-Tree calculates some of the ecosystem services the tree provides.

The author contacted designers Claesson Koivisto Rune Arkitektkontor in August 2007regarding his Master thesis at KTH. The company had discussed the possibility of creating achair made from molded pulp. The author was taken on as a manager for the project. Theobjective was to produce design documentation for a paper pulp chair which was to belaunched at the in 2008 Milan Furniture Fair. The purpose of the thesis was to develop aproduct with scientific methods as well as to investigate how to make collaboration betweendesigners and engineers easier through communication.The project went through four basic stages: Information, Analysis, Synthesis and Evaluation.Information on paper pulp, molded pulp, chair design, sitting postures and the existingmarket of molded pulp furniture.

Forskning med hjälp av mikroskopi har med tiden ställt merspecialicerade krav på utrustning som används. Utrustningenhar blivit mer bättre men samtidigt också dyrare. Enhög kostnad innebär att avancerad mikroskopi inte kan användassom ett utbildningsverktyg inom grundutbildning.Dagens studenter tvingas på så sätt förberedas för framtidensforskning genom att använda gårdagens utrustning.I detta arbete visar vi hur virtuell mikroskopi kan användasför utbildning och forskning. Virtuell mikroskopi kananvändas som komplement, eller möjligtvis ersättning, förbefintlig undervisning. Vi har demonstrerat detta genomatt utveckla en pilotapplikation som simulerar de två metodernaFLIP och FRAP.

I ett försök av mig att ge spelmediet samma sorts behandling som många andra medier före det har jag valt ut fyra spel inom två olika genrer för en analys av deras handling, karaktärer, estetik och gameplay. Handlingen summeras enligt reglerna för narrativt berättande och en semiotisk infallsvinkel används sedan för att leta efter saker, tecken, som är värda att tas upp för analys i alla fyra kategorierna. Vissa jämförelser görs mellan spelen, främst inom kategorierna estetik och gameplay, först inom samma genre och sedan genrerna emellan för hitta likheter och skillnader i sättet spelutvecklarna har valt att utmana spelaren och göra spelen roliga att spela och hur de har valt att förmedla spelens handling. De utvalda spelen är Capcoms Devil May Cry 3: Dante?s Awakening, Sony Computer Entertainment Americas God of War, Konamis Metal Gear Solid 2: Sons of Liberty och Ubisofts Splinter Cell: Chaos Theory.

ABB I-R Waterjet Systems combines the robotics and motion expertise of ABB Flexible Automation with high-pressure intensifier/pumping technology from Ingersoll-Rand to provide and continue to develop innovative waterjet cutting systems for global markets. The purpose of this assignment is to develop a process water purifier. The purifier should be applicable as an option to ABB I-R?s production cell Cutting-Box. At first hand the process water should be purified well enough to let out in the municipal sewage system, but the ultimate solution is purifying the process water to the range that recycling is possible. When investigating the different principle of purifying water, a research of different products and their manufactories was done. These different products were compared and the principle of filtration was the most applicable, as most of the products were designed for far larger applications. As the process water contains quite large amount of particles, it is necessary to perform the filtration in different steps. The process water purifier is therefore composed of a module of coarse filtration and one of micro filtration. In the module of coarse filtration the mainly amount of fibres and particles are eliminated. They are kept back in the container unit with the larger fragments and dumped with these when the container is emptied. In the module of micro filtration the filtration is performed in two steps. In the first step particles larger than 50?m are eliminated, in the second step the micro filter is setting the range of purifying, in this case 10?m.

This thesis within the field of Integrated Product development at the Royal Insitute ofTechnology, performed at Primary Development Dishcare at AB Electrolux, is supposed to finda solution to enhance the hygiene inside an Electrolux dishwasher. The outcomes of this thesisare functional prototypes to evaluate the efficiency of disinfection by the use of Ultra VioletLight and Ozone.The thesis has followed Electrolux Primary Development process, with delivarables andcheckpoints.Ultra violett light with a wavelength of around 264 nm penetrates through the cell wall ofbacteria and micro organisms and causes a molecular rearrangement of the cells DNA. Thisprevent the bacteria from reproducing and it is considered dead. Commonly used UV-C lampstransmits the wavelength 254 nm which is very close to the optimum for germicidal action.A competitive brand have reacently launched a dishwasher claiming to achieve greaterdisinfection with an UV feature. This dishwasher was tested during the thesis and proven tohave a very low effect on the hygienic result.Two prototypes were devolped and tested for UV disinfection of dishware.

Forskning med hjälp av mikroskopi har med tiden ställt merspecialicerade krav på utrustning som används. Utrustningenhar blivit mer bättre men samtidigt också dyrare. Enhög kostnad innebär att avancerad mikroskopi inte kan användassom ett utbildningsverktyg inom grundutbildning.Dagens studenter tvingas på så sätt förberedas för framtidensforskning genom att använda gårdagens utrustning.I detta arbete visar vi hur virtuell mikroskopi kan användasför utbildning och forskning. Virtuell mikroskopi kananvändas som komplement, eller möjligtvis ersättning, förbefintlig undervisning. Vi har demonstrerat detta genomatt utveckla en pilotapplikation som simulerar de två metodernaFLIP och FRAP.

Introduction: Every year about 450 women in Sweden are diagnosed with cervical cancer, almost 200 die and thousands undergo surgery because of cell changes in the cervix. A HPV infection can lead to cervical cancer and therefor costs for the society. The implementation of a vaccination program against HPV is a way to avoid these costs. Aim: The study aimed to calculate the economic impact of the HPV- vaccination program for children in Sweden through a cost-benefit analysis. Method: In this analysis, status quo was compared with non-administration of the HPV-vaccine for the selected cohort of ten-years-old girls in Sweden.

Denna rapport är en dokumentation av ett examensarbete vid Karlstads universitet våren 2006. Arbetets storlek är 20 poäng varav 5 poäng utgörs av en litteraturstudie.Examensarbetet har gjorts i samarbete med Pöyry. Uppdragsbeskrivningen var att klimatanpassa en mjukpappersfabrik i ökenlandskap. Både för att tillgodose befintliga energibehov och om möjligt minska dem.Fabriken har ett behov av produktionsånga. Solen kan användas för att producera ånga.