Normativa studier om ledarskap är begränsade när det kommer till utövandet av ledarskap. Denna uppsats undersöker vad en ledare i offentlig förvaltning gör i praktiken och inriktar sig på vad själva utövandet av ledarskap kan bestå utav. I studien deltar två kommunchefer som studeras på nära håll i deras vardagliga arbete genom observationer, intervjuer och samtal. Ur materialet konstrueras två idealtyper, praktikern och visionären, som ett sätt att förstå utövandet av ledarskap. Praktikern ägnar sig åt konkret problemlösning medan visionären ägnar sig åt utvecklingsarbete.

A personality test is a useful tool in recruitment contexts. Studies have shown that participants distort their answers in a socially desirable manner. The purpose of this study was to investigate if people respond more or less socially desirable depending on how they rate themselves in a personality test, based on the "big five" personality dimensions.Eighty people, (40 women and 40 men), 19-42 years, (M= 24,1 SD= 3,76) rated themselves on a personality test. Group one, (20 women and 20 men) completed the test on paper. Group two, (20 women and 20 men) completed the test verbally.

The purpose of this essay was to examine what consequenses of alcohol and narcotics that youth magazines describe and how the user and addict is described. My porpose was also to examine what situations the magazines claim that alcohol and narcotics are related to.The questions for my studie was:1. How is an alcoholic/drug addict /user described in youth magazines?2. What situations are related to alcohol/narcotics in youth magazines?3.

Frågan om skatteavdrag för hushållsnära tjänster har under två decennier debatterats i Sverige. År 2007 genomförde den nytillträdda borgerliga regeringen en sådan reform, delvis med argumentationen att det skulle leda till ökad jämställdhet mellan kvinnor och män. Med hjälp av ideologikritisk metod undersöker uppsatsen vilka underliggande föreställningar om jämställdhet och vilka föreställningar om tänkta köpare och säljare av hushållstjänster som uttrycktes i denna argumentation, samt hur den statliga jämställdhetsmyndigheten JämO förhöll sig till förslaget. Med utgångspunkt i materialistisk feminism och ett intersektionellt perspektiv diskuteras vilka brister och inneboende motsättningar den svenska, hegemoniska jämställdhetsideologin innehar, när den ska appliceras på en verklighet där maktstrukturer baserade på klass, kön och etnicitet samspelar. Detta exemplifieras i uppsatsen genom reformen med skatteavdrag för hushållstjänster..

This paper aims to broaden the discussion on how press freedom can be a powerful tool in the war on corruption. Previous studies have shown a significant relationship between more press freedom and less corruption, it also shows that the causal link runs from press freedom to corruption and not the other way around. There are quite a few studies on the impact of a free press on corruption and therefore there is a lot more to be published on this issue.This paper looks at press freedom as one of the most important parts of a democratic society and that it plays a vital role in reducing corruption as both an informant on key issues and also as a ?watchdog? on society. But press freedom cannot be seen as an ?easy fix? in a country or the international community's struggle to reduce corruption.

The purpose of this paper is to understand why education is a human right. I will look at works by the late Paulo Freire, a Brazilian educator. Paulo Freire worked for many years on developing a pedagogy to promote humanity. His goal was to demonstrate that a literate person will ultimately live a better life because she will be free from oppression and domination.I chose to study Paulo Freire as a tool in proving why education is a human right because throughout his work he demonstrated the need for people to be literate in order for them to be considered ?truly human?.

The purpose of this study was to find out why the law that regulates downloading copyrighted material does not work and which of the most important main reasons lies behind downloading behaviour. The phenomenon being well investigated earlier has actualized a new demand for normative investigation in connection with the hot debated IPRED-law.Using qualitative method comprising of interviews with three typical file sharers and anchored in Max Webers action typology, rational choice theory and the norm model followed by two assessment models, we found that four important reasons lies behind downloading behaviour: 1) economical reasons was the most central and frequent determinant followed by 2) accessibility and comfort, and 3) social acceptance and moral and also 4) habits. Although the content of the law was correctly provided by the interviewees, it was clear that they did not perceive the impact of the law as meaningful or threatening.The results, being compatible with previous research, are discussed in terms of the named theories and assessment models. We suggest further research to take into account peoples norms as the new IPRED-law soon will be functional as well as studies from a perspective of the legal rights of the individual..

The purpose of this study has been to investigate how frequently, and in witch ways, theories concerning the "late-modern" society are being used in the contemporary research of social work. My thesis is that theories concerning the late-modern society could be useful in social work research, foremost to shed light on, and broaden the understanding of, dilemmas and problems that are specific to the contemporary society. In the study I'm investigating all doctoral dissertations on social work written in Sweden between the years 2003 and 2006, and to execute the study I've applied a text analysis method in four steps. Simplified the four steps of the analysis can be said to investigate, if, how frequent, and in what way theories on the late modern society is being used in social work study. I'm also specifically investigating how problems exclusive to the late-modern society is being taken under consideration in the dissertations.In the analysis of my results I take a critical theory approach and I also discuss if theories on late-modernity is to be seen as a paradigm in the field of social work science.

Syftet med vår uppsats var att undersöka hur en grupp fastighetsskötare upplever det informella lärandet och på vilket sätt ett informellt lärande samt ett utvecklingsinriktat lärande sker på den undersökta arbetsplatsen. Uppsatsen är en fallstudie och har en hermeneutisk ansats. Datamaterialet samlades in med hjälp av semistrukturerade intervjuer. Respondenterna är kommunalanställda och arbetar som fastighetsskötare. Resultatet har tolkats med hjälp av teoretiska modeller om informellt lärande och utvecklingsinriktat lärande.

Det är modernt för organisationer att skicka sin personal på kompetensutvecklingsinsatser utomhus där medarbetarna tillsammans ska utföra allehanda äventyrliga och utmanande aktiviteter. Det har dock inte bedrivits mycket forskning på vilket utfall sådana insatser kan ge tillbaks i organisationen. Vi frågar oss därför om personalen verkligen kan använda det som de eventuellt lärt sig tillbaka på arbetet och vilka faktorer som skulle kunna påverka en sådan överföringsprocess.Syftet med studien är således att analysera utfallet av en upplevelsebaserad utvecklingsinsats och diskutera tänkbara faktorer som kan ha påverkat detta utfall.Vi har genomfört en kvalitativ studie där vi studerat utfallet av en upplevelsekonferens utomhus, kopplad till ett värdegrundsarbete, för personalen på en skola. Vi genomförde fem semistrukturerade intervjuer med deltagare ifrån insatsen. Studiens resultat visar att upplevelsekonferensen skapade möjligheter till en ökad social samhörighet men att det även uppstod en del bestående konflikter i arbetslagen.

What amount of knowledge of guitar playing can be expected after completing upper compulsory school? A qualitative research involving three different music teachers provides their view of knowledge. Their expectations have been compared to a quantitative research involving 58 upper secondary students from the social sciences programme. The idea is to compare their pedagogic intentions to the pedagogic realities of music teachings.The study shows a clear advantage for students who has attended some form of external music tuition as well as for those students who have someone in their families who play an instrumentIf the knowledge primarily is due to extracurricular activities perhaps there is time for a reformation of the music subject so that all may enjoy the education, not merely those who already possesses a curtain amount of knowledge...The experience must not be allowed to submit to the vast forests of chords, by doing so one misses the purpose entirely.

Studier om etnicitet och kollektiva identiteter präglas till stor del av det konstruktivistiska perspektivet. Denna uppsats inriktar sig till att förklara ett folkmords uppkomst utifrån nämnda teori, något som inte på ett metodiskt vis tidigare gjorts.Fallet vi har valt att analysera är folkmordet som utspelades i Rwanda år 1994. Med utgångspunkt från olika författare och forskare, med konstruktivistisk inställning, har vi identifierat tre centrala premisser för uppkomsten av vad vi kallar negativ oss och dem bildning, som i sin absoluta förlängning kan ge upphov till ett folkmord. Dessa tre premisser eller faktorer, framlyfta ur konstruktivismen är: historiken, socioekonomiska aspekter och den rådande diskursen.Vi har kommit fram till att den negativa synen mellan två folkgrupper till stor del uppstår utifrån dessa faktorer och kan i förlängning leda till ett folkmord. Därtill visar vi på att såväl strukturer som aktör spelar en viktig roll i processen som leder till folkmord..

 The english name of this essay is ?One man among many women?. This essay takes its starting point in the situation today with few male teachers in the earlier years of elementary school. I have decided to look at the small group of males that actually started the education to become teachers and why they did it when the profession as teacher today is low-paid, low status and is a profession with a large dominance of female teachers. I have chosen to write about this because of the importance for the children to meet both men and women as teachers in the early schoolyears.

In the rural districts of Sweden, especially in Skåne, the political party Sverigedemokraterna is gaining more and more territory. The aim of this thesis is to examine if the presence of Sverigedemokraterna has had an effect on the other political parties in Kävlinge and Svedala municipality, with focus on images and collective identity. The aim is also to examine what influence Sverigedemokraterna might have on the political agenda of the two municipalities. In order to be able to fulfil the purpose of the essay, we chose to combine three kinds of qualitative methods; interviews, observations and literature studies. We used theories about images and collective identity to examine in which way the municipal politicians tend to classify Sverigedemokraterna in terms of different images and if their presence has effected the other politicians in terms of forming a collective identity.

The purpose of my study was to examine how teachers in physical education experience different frame factors impact on their outdoor education and their choice of didactic approach. My study is based on Lundgren´s frame factor theory and Peitersen´s didactic learning model. I have used a qualitative research method to answer my questions. I have been using semi-structured interviews to interview six PE teachers who all teach at high school level.Based on my results we see that the teachers experience teaching hours and class sizes as the frame factors that mainly affect the outdoor education. Teachers often choose to split up the outdoor activities into sequences in order to achieve better learning.