Fallolyckor är ett stort patientsäkerhets- och samhällsekonomiskt problem. I Sverigedrabbas varje år cirka 18 000 personer av höftfraktur som leder till lidande för patientenoch stora kostnader för samhället. Syftet med litteraturöversikten var att beskrivautfallet av att använda höftskydd som prevention. Studien genomfördes som en litteraturöversikt där tolv vetenskapliga artiklar utgjorde underlaget för resultatet.Resultatet som redovisas i tre kategorier är: effekter av höftskydd, följsamhet till att bära höftskydd och upplevelser av höftskydd. Risken för höftfraktur minskas vid fall om höftskydd används.

According to the national curriculum in Swedish schools, teachers have the responsibility to prevent and discourage psychological and physical harassment (Lgr 2011). This study focuses on 7 teachers with their viewpoint and understanding of bullying as a human based social problem. The teachers, as the informants, give their personal explanation on how they act, prevent and discourage bullying in their school. The research places the emphasis, based on, interviews from which teachers are telling, relating and explaining on how they say that they are preventing and discouraging bullying.The conclusion from this study is that the interviewed teachers do, from their viewpoint, understand bullying as psychological and physical harassment problem which is based on a question of interpretation in regards to the victim. The informants do place different emphasis on what causes the problem, if it is a question of the individual or of it is a problem based on the socialization between individuals.

Linnéuniversitetet Kalmar Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper  Arbetets art:                   D-uppsats, 15 hp                                                                           Lärarprogrammet                                      Samhällsutveckling med ett internationellt perspektiv Titel:                              Hur sker implementering av förebyggande arbete gällande hiv och aids?  Författare:                      Nina Svenman Handledare:                   Gunnar Hansson ABSTRACT This study analyzes the prevention of HIV and AIDS around the region of Pretoria in South Africa. The study's starting point is the cultural, economic, social and health which is relevant when different levels of society affirms. The aim has been the basis of the representation levels of society discern what is valued and given priority as well as the measures and the strategies used in implementation. The empirical data underlying the study is qualitative studies with respondents from a university, a hospital, a school, the Swedish Embassy and an organization in order to create an image of different levels in society means to implement preventive measures on HIV and AIDS to their citizens. The result demonstrates that there are clear shortcomings in its implementation guidance on prevention measures for HIV and AIDS as lack of resources is based.

Bakgrund: Stroke är en av de vanligaste orsakerna till olika funktionsnedsättningar/funktionshinder[1]. Efter genomgången stroke kan ett flertal riskfaktorer leda till återfall, mortalitet eller sjukdomsutveckling. Genom strukturerad prevention kan förändringar i levnadsvanor minska sådana risker. Sjuksköterskor på strokeenheter har i uppgift att informera strokepatienter om eventuella livsstilsrelaterade förändringar som bör genomföras. Syfte: Syftet med litteraturöversikten har varit att belysa forskning vad gäller livsstil och sekundär prevention för patienter efter stroke.

The aim of this paper is to analyze the influence that aristocrats in Sweden had on the Swedish movement for the prevention of cruelty to animals, and why especially aristocrats started it. The sources I have been using are speeches and texts written by persons who were involved in the movement. I have also studied rapports from the three largest societies for the prevention of cruelty to animals. In the sources I looked for terms, expressions and opinions that can be paralleled whit the aristocratic ideal and opinion. Things that can relate to aristocratic urban people.

Linnéuniversitetet Kalmar Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper  Arbetets art:                   D-uppsats, 15 hp                                                                           Lärarprogrammet                                      Samhällsutveckling med ett internationellt perspektiv Titel:                              Hur sker implementering av förebyggande arbete gällande hiv och aids?  Författare:                      Nina Svenman Handledare:                   Gunnar Hansson ABSTRACT This study analyzes the prevention of HIV and AIDS around the region of Pretoria in South Africa. The study's starting point is the cultural, economic, social and health which is relevant when different levels of society affirms. The aim has been the basis of the representation levels of society discern what is valued and given priority as well as the measures and the strategies used in implementation. The empirical data underlying the study is qualitative studies with respondents from a university, a hospital, a school, the Swedish Embassy and an organization in order to create an image of different levels in society means to implement preventive measures on HIV and AIDS to their citizens. The result demonstrates that there are clear shortcomings in its implementation guidance on prevention measures for HIV and AIDS as lack of resources is based.

Women, etnicity and illict drug useA litterature reviewAuthors: Cecilia Eriksson & Hanna Rapp AnderssonSupervisor: Odd LindbergABSTRACTThis study aims to examine how womens illict drug use appears in different ethnic groups. The chosen perspectiv is social constructivism. The study is based on 20 scientific studies: 17 from Northern America, two from Great Britain and one from Sweden. Central themes from the studies have been created from different subject viewpoints. The results of this study shows that women have different needs when treatment is required.

The purpose of this study was to examine health promotion and ill-health prevention in the workplaces of the City District Committees in the City of Malmö. More specifically, we wanted to find what types of health problems there were and what kinds of strategies were applied to prevent them. Furthermore, the aim was to examine whether the leaders of the City of Malmö saw any effects of the strategies in use and if so, which. Finally, the intention was to compare our empirical results to previous research in the field of health promotion and ill-health prevention in workplaces. We conducted a qualitative study consisting of semi-structured interviews with five leaders in different levels, two personnel secretaries, two employees assigned to improve the health of the personnel in the City Districts, and one safety representative.

Trycksår kan förekomma på alla typer av vårdavdelningar och tar lång tid att läka samt är en stor kostnad för samhället. Syftet med litteraturstudien var att undersöka åtgärder för trycksårsprevention. Metoden är baserad på en modifierad version av Forsberg & Wengströms modell för en systematisk litteraturstudie. Sökning i databaser PubMed och CINAHL utfördes och resultatet i litteraturstudien grundades på nio kvantitativa vetenskapliga artiklar. Författarna kunde identifiera olika preventionsåtgärder där framför allt evidensbaserade bedömningsinstrument som Modifierad Nortonskala och MNA-SF är viktiga att använda i trycksårsprevention, men även temperaturmätning, ?Continental anal plug? (CAP), god nutrition, aktivitet samt tryckreducerande underlag som fårskinn..

Att skydda sin IT-miljö mot olika typer av intrång och attacker som till exempel trojaner,skadliga Java applets eller DoS attacker med hjälp av brandväggar och antivirusprogramär två viktiga lager i skalskyddet.I den här uppsatsen undersöks hur väl ett Intrusion Prevention System skulle kunna fungera som ett ytterligare lager i skalskyddet. Fokus ligger på hur väl IPS-systemet klarar av att avvärja attacker, hur mycket tid som går åt till konfigurering och drift för att få ett fungerande IPS samt hur prestandan i nätverket påverkas av implementationen. För att mäta hur väl IPS systemet klarar av att upptäcka och blockera attacker utförs två experiment där ett mindre nätverk attackeras på olika sätt. I det första experimentet skyddas infrastrukturen av en brandvägg och klienterna är utrustade med antivirusprogram. I det andra experimentet genomförs samma attacker igen fast med ett Snort IPS implementerat i nätverket.Resultatet av de genomförda experimenten visar att en IPS klarar att blockera ca 87% av attackerna, men nätverksprestandan påverkas negativt.

Studies show that 10-15 percent of Sweden's population, 65 years or older are estimated to have depression or depression symptoms. The symptoms of depression among elderly people are less than symptoms of young people. This could cause that elderly people with depression are not always discovered. Studies show that elderly people who live in residential homes show more signs of depression than elderly people living at home. If elderly people live in a supporting environment, can it prevent that a depression developed.The prevention of depression among elderly people is a topic that is not discussed among previously research.

Problem: Companies are becoming more active in social media. They usechannels such as Facebook, to communicate and interact with theirenvironment. In connection with this, companies must also be prepared todeal with crises in social media. Previous research shows no clear guidelineson how companies can work in social media to prevent crises.Purpose: The purpose of this qualitative study is to examine how companiesin the communications industry can work with Facebook to prevent crises.We hope that our study can provide new perspectives and guidance on howcompanies can work with emergency communication for prevention.Methodology: We used a qualitative research to arrive at our results. Thismeant we got an insight into the complex world that companies are workingin.

The purpose of this study is to examine secondary teachers' perceptions of conflict, conflict management, conflict prevention and conflict communication. In addition to theory, I conducted individual interviews and focus group discussions. Most teachers have a common view and argues that a conflict occurs when two or more individuals do not agree on something. Typical conflicts are about grades, teachers' changing professional roles and cellphones in the classroom. In my view, it seems as if the mobile phone has taken over the core conflict that caps created for some 10 years ago, functioning now as the dominant symbol in an ongoing development process providing space for meeting and dealing with conflicts in a constructive way..

Injuries are considered to be a major public health issue. More than 4600 people die each year and 10 % of all hospitalization in Sweden is related to injuries. The cost in a societal perspective is estimated to 59 billion a year. Injuries are possible to prevent. However it needs knowledge that the injury has occurred and the surrounding circumstances.

Syftet med litteraturstudien var att beskriva förebyggande omvårdnadsåtgärder vid ventilatorassocierad pneumoni (VAP), vilket är en form av pneumoni som är sjukhusförärvad och relaterad till att patienten är intuberad, så kallad nosokomial infektion. Längre vårdtid, ökad kostnad samt mortalitet ses vid VAP. Resultatet som framkom var att personal ska ha god handhygien vilket var en av viktigaste åtgärden för att förebygga VAP. Andra förebyggande omvårdnadsåtgärder är att vårdpersonal ska hjälpa patienten som vårdas i respirator med munvården och använda hjälpmedel för detta. Personal ska även hjälpa patienten med lämplig höjning på huvudgärden då detta också minskar riken för VAP, även sugning och befuktning av luftvägar är en åtgärd som patienten behöver hjälp med..