The purpose of this essay is to examine which factors that influence the design of internal control in municipal context and how well it works. We choose seven municipals, where we interviewed the administrative managers, the chairmen of the committees and two persons of the staff in each activity unit. The interviews were performed by telephone, due to the keeping of the essay?s timeframe.The theory in our essay comprises eight hypotheses. These hypotheses were operationalised into different variables aiming to make statistical tests possible.

The purpose of this thesis is to examine and present the oportunities of solvingcontrol problems using Modelica. This is done by creating some demonstrationexamples with exercises. These examples should cover as many types of controlproblems as possible. The exercises are aimed for people with basic knowledgein modeling and automatic control engineering but with little or no knowledgein Modelica. There are different types of Modelica implementations and the onesused in this thesis are OpenModelica and MathModelica..

Syfte: Den textila klädmarknaden har under senare år expanderat ochidag har mode en helt annan betydelse än vad det tidigare haft.Trender kommer och går allt snabbare och det blir allt viktigareför konsumenten och därmed företagen att följa med i rådandetrender. Syftet för vår uppsats är att ta reda på hur en trendfaktiskt skapas idag och vilka faktorer som är med och påverkar.Metod: Vår uppsats är byggd på kvalitativa intervjuer med respondentersom verkar på den berörda marknaden. Uppsatsen bygger på etthermeneutiskt synsätt där vi valt att ta fram olika teorier somligger till grund för att svara på vår frågeställning. I vår studievalde vi att beröra ämnet från olika vinklar där både detpsykologiska och sociologiska fick spela en stor roll samt om detfinns ekonomiska drivkrafter bakom trenders uppkomst.Teori: Mode tillhandahåller extra adderat värde till kläder men vilketendast existerar i människans fantasi och freställning.Sociologer studerar mode ur en samhällssynvinkel, men medfokus på att mode påverkas av människor som agerar i grupper.3Psykologer däremot studerar mode utifrån enskilda individersinstinkter och behov. Om man använder det psykologiskaaspekterna som underlag till att studera mode kan man se modesom en del av personligheten inte som ett materiellt ting.

This paper investigates and explains the existence of different governance structures in the Swedish film industry. Using a theoretical framework of transaction cost economics, it is shown that trust follows from frequent production projects, affecting the distributors? control of producers, cinemas, video retailers and television. Control becomes more flexible, informal and less time consuming. Furthermore, the control of the distributors? relationship with television and cinemas proves to be multidimensional and affected by transaction activities, as well as by demands from previous parties in the value chain.

???This study has been made with the purpose of gaining an understanding of how a Swedish company may think and act concerning their internal control. An American body, COSO, have for some time published documents containing guidelines for how companies should go about this process, however, when conducting this study we were not aware of the extent to which companies in Europe and mainly Sweden used them. In order to learn about this, and also to gain an understanding of when these guidelines are appropriate, we conducted a case study with a large-sized, multinational Swedish company. We also conducted an interview with an expert in internal control monitoring, Anna-Clara af Ekenstam of Pricewaterhouse Coopers, in order to get the perspective of the evaluators in this process and to gain some insight as to whether our case is typical in Sweden or not. We found that our company disregards certain aspects of internal control condoned by COSO, while performing better on other dimensions.

Franchise theorists have to a large extent failed to keep up with the actual development in global franchise chains. The recent emergence of fast growing multi-unit-franchisees has fundamentally been ignored, and it has been claimed that the new phenomenon can be regarded as a mere replication of the franchisors? structure and control system into sub hierarchies. This study however, suggests that the reality is more complex. Through conducting case studies of two Nordic multi-unit-franchisees, new theories are built explaining how and why control systems are designed the way they are.

BackgroundThere are different organizational structures and control and it has been proved difficult to find a combination between these that leads to goal congruence and improved efficiency. An organization can be structured according to hierarchical levels and the decision making can be either centralized or decentralized. Organizational control can be classified according to the amount of rules and balanced scorecard can be used to weld together the structure with the control.PurposeThe purpose is to create an understanding of how two types of structures and control in an organization appears and also to investigate how these differ from one another concerning the balanced scorecard as a control system. We will also investigate how the variables goal congruence and efficiency are affected by the implementation of the balanced scorecard.MethodTo answer the purpose of this thesis we have mainly used the qualitative method since we have studied two organizations thoroughly through interviews on different levels of the organization. The study also has some quantitative elements since we wanted to get a more truthful picture of the organizations.

An inflammatory reaction is induced after release of proinflammatory mediators such asinterleukin 1 and 6 and tumour necrosis factor ?. These mediators stimulate the liver tosuppress the syntheses of albumin and endure the syntheses of acute phase protein forinstance C-reactive protein. The aim of this paper was to perform a method validation on animmune turbidimetric assay to quantify C-reactive protein in canine serum at the laboratory atSkara Animals Hospital, Skara, Sweden. The validation involved evaluation of the assaylinearity, precision, stability and recovery.The method was proved to be linear for both TruLab control and Medinor control.

Rapporten beskriver ett designprojekt, som är en del av examensarbetet på 15p, Vad händer när mode påverkar möbeldesign? En kollektion strandmöbler och badkläder, utfört av Veronica Lindahl, avgångsstudent på utbildningsprogrammet möbeldesign på Carl Malmsten, Centrum för Träteknik & Design vid Linköpings universitet. Syftet med denna rapport är att beskriva processen av detta examensarbete.Valet av produkter tog avstamp från min bakgrund i Halmstad. En möbel för stranden och något att ha på sig. Att koppla samman mode och möbeldesign tilltalar mig.

This report describes the design and construction of a prototype that automatically aims a microwave link towards a target. The link, that is located on a mobile aerial mast, is used by Saab Training Systems as a part of an infrastructure network. The report also discusses the development of a GUI that communicates with the control unit by Bluetooth.The control unit, called Pan/Tilt-controller, controls the position of the link by stepping motors. One motor controls the azimuth angle and the other one controls the elevation angle.By a GUI the operator enters the coordinates on its own position and the targets position. Hereafter a bearing is calculated and it will be sent up to the control unit.The control unit will sense its own direction by a magnetic sensor that works as an electronic compass.

A computer model based on minimization of the free energy, capable to predict contact angles and spreading transitions between Wenzel and Cassie mode for drops placed on surfaces with different topography were implemented in matlab. Simulations were compared with experiments documented in the literature. These showed that reported transitions between Cassie and Wenzel mode can be explained by minimization of the free energy. In this report, a study on the possibility of constructing water repellent paper surfaces with a combination of treatment with octadecyltrichlorosilane and topography changes, is included..

In this paper I study how the repeal of the Swedish wealth tax (1 of January 2007) has affected people´s labour supply behaviour. This particular issue is relevant because it may help us understand some of the effects of the earnings tax changes that have taken place in Sweden. Accoring to standard economic theory a repealed wealth tax is similar to an income effect for the persons who previously paid the tax. That means that they theoretically will want to consume more leisure, that is decrease their labour supply. The method I am using to test this hypothesis is a difference-in-difference approach where the treatment group consists of persons who previously paid the tax and the control group of comparable persons who did not pay the tax.

This thesis studies the concept of balance in the management control systems (MCS) of a small Swedish company within the IT-sector. The aim is to evaluate the importance of balance and dynamics in MCS and investigate which factors affect them. The frameworks used are Simons (1994) four levers of control, and the five-factor model for balance and dynamics by Mundy (2010). The small IT company - the object of the case study - has grown extensively in the last years and needs to develop more formal MCS without losing efficiency and creativity in their fast-moving industry. The case study reveals that balancing MCS is important also in smaller companies with less formal MCS.

Ekologiskt, närodlat, kravmärkt och återvinningsbart ? kärt barn har många namn och aldrig förr har vi konsumenter varit så medvetna om just den miljömässiga och hälsomässiga aspekten som vi är idag. Man kan verkligen kalla det en ny trend. Sida vid sida om miljötrenden verkar vårt nya sätt att se på mode och hur vi konsumerar det. Den nya eran av ?nyheter varje vecka? och ?prisvärt mode? har även det blivit en ny trend som bidragit till att våra stora fast fashion-företag fullkomligt sprutar ut nya prisvärda tolkningar av det senaste modet och trenderna.

Studiens syfte var att undersöka om det fanns skillnader i personlighet och val av konfliktstil beroende av vilken placering respondenterna hade i syskonskaran samt om Locus of control skiljde sig mellan olika åldersgrupper. Samband mellan chefers konfliktstil och personlighet undersöktes också. De 103 respondenterna som var mellan 25-75 år, 63% män och 37% kvinnor, besvarade en enkät som bestod av demografiska frågoroch arbetsrelaterade frågor om chefskap. Tre test användes; ett personlighetstest, RottersLocus of Control och Thomas-Kihlman?s konfliktstiltest.