Commercial expropriation occurs when real property is compulsory acquired by a private operator. This phenomenon is relatively new and has been criticized not only because of the rules concerning compensation, but also from the point of view of permissibility.An intervention in the protection of property must fulfill the requirement of important public interest set out in RF 2 kap. 15 § in order for it to be allowed. There is no definition regarding what constitutes an important public interest, the only thing that exist is a non-exhaustive list in the preparatory work. This in turn has led to the creation of a broad discretion when it comes to determining what constitutes important public interests.

The purpose of this thesis is to examine the nature of framework agreements in public procurement in Sweden. The main question is whether a contracting authority is obligated to place orders under a framework agreement when purchasing a product or service that is covered in that agreement and to what extent a contractor is obligated to accept such orders. If the answer to that first question is that an obligation does exist the next question to arise is what kind of consequences to expect when either party fails to meet that obligation. Of great importance is whether a contracting authority that hasn?t used an existing framework agreement is liable to pay damages to the contractor who according to the agreement had a right to deliver.

This degree projekt deals with Skanska´s safety at the construction site with focus on personal safety equipment. The purpose of this dissertation is to examine how the rules of personal safety equipment are applied and experienced at Skanska´s construction sites.In October 2004 Skanska started a projekt to make the construction sites more safe. With use of a questionnaire we have made a survey at different construction sites. 80 questionaires have been handed out to Skanska´s employees in the southeast region. While they were handed out we conrolled if the employees at Skanska´s construction sites used head protection, easy visible clothing, safety shoes and identification cards.The result of the survey shows how the rules are applied.

Med anledning av den debatt som förts i media om svaveldirektivets införande blev vi intresserade av attsammanställa olika instanser syn på direktivet samt hur deras intentioner förhåller sig till varandra. Med detta som utgångspunkt utvidgade vi arbetet till att studera flera typer av styrmedel. I resultatet har vi presenterat en sammanställning av intervjuer vi utfört med svenska politiker, hamnar och befraktare. Vi kom fram till att svaveldirektivet behövs för att åstadkomma en reducering av sjöfartens utsläpp av miljögifter men att direktivet inte kommer kunna uppfyllas av alla fartyg på grund av brist på lågsvavelhaltigt bränsle, stora hinder för LNG drift och tekniska problem med skrubbers. Skatt på marina bränslen och utsläppsrätter för sjöfarten som styrmedel bedömdes inte vara aktuellt inom en överskådlig framtid.

Arbetets syfte var att undersöka intentionen och förväntade effekter av den nyasjöarbetskonventionen som nu ska implementeras vad gäller bemanningsnivåer ochvilotider på svenska fartyg. Genom att först genomföra en litteraturstudie lades grundenför arbetet. Med anledning av att konventionen inte var implementerad genomfördes enkvalitativ intervjustudie mot tre sakkunniga representanter från svensk sjöfartsnäring föratt utreda vad konventionens verkliga intention var. Därefter genomfördes en kvalitativintervjustudie mot fyra aktörer i den svenska sjöfartsnäringen för att utreda vad dessaförväntade sig för effekter av konventionen, gällande bemanningsnivåer och vilotider.Resultatet av undersökningarna visade på att konventionens intention är att höja deninternationella standarden vad gäller just bemanningsnivåer och vilotider till en nivåsom liknar den svenska relativt höga nivån. Vad gäller förväntade effekter avkonventionen tror de svenska aktörerna att den svenska sjöfartsbranschen kommer att seganska små förändringar om några alls..

As a member of the EU, Sweden has, in some cases, transferred the controlling rights to the Union. This means that the rules defined by the EU must be followed in all member countries, including Sweden. The European Agricultural policy constitutes the largest part of the EU's annual budget and is in contrast to many other areas fully funded at EU level. The last decade, many new regulations on chemicals and pesticides have been introduced which brought great changes and a lot of work throughout the Union, including Sweden. Sweden has always had a strict policy on chemicals and has been at the forefront when it comes to sustainable agriculture and environmental management.

Syftet med detta arbete var att ta reda på hur många studenter i avgångsklasserna vid Sjöfartshögskolan som fick en anställning via Career Event 2012 och studenternas uppfattningar om mässans funktion som en plattform för yrkesmässiga kontakter med företagen inför framtiden. I sökandet efter tidigare arbeten hittades ingen liknande undersökning. Däremot hittades ett arbete som under rekryteringsmässorna Career Event och Sjölog 2011, undersökte rederiernas framtida behov av arbetskraft. Arbetet Career Event ? Jobb i sikte försöker komplettera den bilden genom att här presentera hur det faktiska utfallet blev året 2012.

People move between countries and establish connections all over the world. This results in a need to solve problems with cross-border inheritances and partitions of joint property. Today these situations are regulated by the countries? own international private law. EU has adopted a constitution that harmonizes rules of jurisdiction and applicable law for inheritances but not the partition of joint property.

Since 1928 the Swedish accounting and taxation has been closely linked by law which today as the European Union works with its harmonisation of the European accounting systems brings up difficulties. The Union strives to integrate the countries different ways of accounting in order to make it easier to use and understand foreign information. The Swedish connection between accounting and taxation means that a harmonisation would change the whole system as its known today. The purpose with this study is to examine what the link between the two means and how a decoupling would affect Swedish accounting and auditing. We also want to examine how the Swedish taxation office, who currently uses the accounting as a ground for taxation, could guarantee the quality of the declaration without a proper underpinning. The study shows that a decoupling could lead to an increase in quality on swedish accounting and that the administration would become more difficult to handle. The risk of dividend of untaxed profits is not seen as a problem in this context.

The business world of today is characterized by the fact that knowledge plays a far greater role than it did before in the companies? production. In many companies, the human resources constitute the main part of the total assets. It can for example be the employees? knowledge, competence or power of initiative.

The aim of this study was to analyze discursive patterns in publications and attitude researches on bullying published by The Swedish National Agency for Education. The focus was largely on whether there is a pattern in the narration of how teachers and pupils are portrayed as perpetrators in a situation where bullying occurs. The empirical material of the study was acquired by use of a qualitative method where publications published between the years of 2002 and 2014 were selected. Dictums concerning teachers and pupils as bullies have been compared and surveyed where differences in how they were depicted was the object of analysis. To enable such a study, Foucault's theories on discourse and power were applied on the empirical material in the analysis.The result shows that bullying in general almost always refers to the pupil as the perpetrator while teachers are under-represented in the same context.

The study examines the meaning of having a dog in the workplace of personnel who work with therapy. The purpose was to examine the personnel?s view of dogs in their work envi-ronment. The study uses two theories. One is ?psychosocial work environment? and the other theory used is ?symbolic interactionism?.

The aim of this study is to investigate and analyze the potential effects on a number of social workers that may arise from listening to stories of domestic violence, and how these social workers deal with the potential effects. The study is based on qualitative interviews with seven social workers that work with domestic violence. The theoretical perspective that we used was the theory of coping. The results of this study have indicated that the respondents have been affected of listening to the stories of domestic violence. Examples of different impacts that the work has had on some of the social workers is that they avoid movies and/or books with elements of violence, they are more aware of the domestic violence in the surroundings and there has also been changes in their cognitive schemas.

Since 1928 the Swedish accounting and taxation has been closely linked by law which today as the European Union works with its harmonisation of the European accounting systems brings up difficulties. The Union strives to integrate the countries different ways of accounting in order to make it easier to use and understand foreign information. The Swedish connection between accounting and taxation means that a harmonisation would change the whole system as its known today. The purpose with this study is to examine what the link between the two means and how a decoupling would affect Swedish accounting and auditing. We also want to examine how the Swedish taxation office, who currently uses the accounting as a ground for taxation, could guarantee the quality of the declaration without a proper underpinning. The study shows that a decoupling could lead to an increase in quality on swedish accounting and that the administration would become more difficult to handle. The risk of dividend of untaxed profits is not seen as a problem in this context.

The aim of the study was, through qualitative interviews with school counsellors in Swedish primary schools, to study what the counsellors are experiencing condition their ability to work proactively according to the Swedish Education Act provisions on student health. During the study, six interviews with school counsellors who worked in the same suburbs, was conducted. The theoretical approach that was used is Michael Lipsky's theory of street-level bureaucrats and the term discretion. The overall outcome of the study was that the interviewed school counsellors felt that they did not have good opportunities to work preventively as the Education Act requires. The main reason for this was the school counsellor?s heavy workload.