The number of hidden refugees in Sweden is estimated to be at least 15,000. The law, which only allows this group a very limited access to health care, can be considered to clash with the human rights and the ethical codes related to the health care professionals.The aim of the study was to examine how the personnel in public health care may experience treating hidden refugees and which ethical conflicts that may be connected to this. The study, which is of a qualitative descriptive design, is based on eight semi-structured interviews. The interviewees were trained nurses and mid-wives in an emergency room, a maternity ward and a health care centre for asylum seekers.The experience of treating hidden refugees amongst the informants was limited. The study proved that the knowledge of laws and guidelines regarding hidden refugees amongst the interviewed health care personnel was poor.

Background: Breastfeeding frequency decrease in Sweden and infants born preterm is a particularly vulnerable group to not be breastfed according to current recommendations. Mothers of preterm infants have an extra need of support from the health care system. Mothers' self-efficacy in breastfeeding affects the outcome of breastfeeding. Health professionals' attitudes to breastfeeding have an impact on the breast feeding support they provide to the mothers.Aim: To investigate whether an intervention could strengthen self-efficacy in breastfeeding among mothers of premature babies. A further aim was to investigate whether the intervention influenced health professionals' attitudes to breastfeeding.Method/Design: An experimental study with quantitative approach in the form of questionnaire survey was conducted.

Musik är ett viktigt redskap för att främja och bevara hälsa. Musiken främjar avslappning och kan förändra sinnesstämning genom att skapa känslomässiga upplevelser hos lyssnaren. Musik kan också användas som avslappning i sjukhusmiljöer exempelvis med lugnande musik som patienten kan välja att lyssna eller inte lyssna på. Det kan också skapa ett samband mellan vårdgivare och vårdtagare att dela en estetisk upplevelse som musik. Det är enligt Erikssons teori i förhållandet mellan vårdgivaren och patiente som vårdandet formas där vårdtagaren ses som en unik människa med kropp, själ och ande.

Föreliggande systematiska litteraturstudie syftade till att samla information och söka evidens för bröstcancerdrabbade kvinnors omvårdnadsbehov från sjuksköterskans i form av stöd för psykiska, sociala eller informativa behov. Sexton vetenskapliga artiklar valdes ut via databasen CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature) och fulltextdatabasen ELIN (Elecronic Library Information Navigator) för vidare granskning. Till sökningen användes sökorden breast*, cancer*, nurs* och support. Alla utvalda artiklar som härrör till syftet kvalitetsbedömdes genom på förhand bestämda granskningskriterier från modifierade förlagor efter Forsberg och Wengström (2003) och Willman, Bahtsevani och Stoltz (2007). Av resultatet framkom det att det fanns stark evidens för att kvinnor med bröstcancer har ett omvårdnadsbehov av socialt stöd, psykiskt stöd och även av information av sjuksköterskan.

This study is a quantitative study designed to examine whether training in health issues may have contributed to the increase in head managers' psychological capital (PsyCap). Construction consists of the following components: self confidence, hope, optimism and resilience. A high PsyCap considered beneficial in organizational change and steer towards the positive development and helps individuals in stressful situations. The results show an increase of characteristics such as hope and optimism among managers (N = 15) who have undergone training in health issues compared with managers who have not undergone training. However, the tests show no significant difference in head managers' attitudes to health breaks, not the severity of granting health breaks in the groups as a result of training.

Launching and marketing a health food product is associated with larger problems than a launch of a traditional food product. There are several sales channels that can be used for a health food product, for example the product can be sold as a traditional food product, natural health food product or as a prescription drug. A smaller company can however experience problems while launching its product as a prescription drug because of the large costs associated with this particular sales channel. There is often no other alternative than to launch the product as a traditional food product, this can however create other problems because of the existing regulations on what can and cannot be mentioned in the marketing of a health food product. The limited amount of information about the product that can be enclosed together with it makes it hard for a company to differentiate and position it on the market.

Bakgrund: Postoperativ smärta är vanligt och förekommer i olika grader. Trots detta finns det fortfarande brister i bedömningen och därmed också i behandlingen. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att beskriva hur sjuksköterskan bedömer patienter med postoperativ smärta. Metod: Studien genomfördes med en kvalitativ ansats och datainsamlingen skedde genom artikelsökning i databaser. Dessa artiklar analyserades med inspiration av Graneheim och Lundmans (2003) analysmetod.

Introduction: Reducing social inequality in health is a prioritized goal for public health on the global as well as the national and the local levels. Hälsoteket operates through health promotion to reduce inequality in health in the district of Angered in Göteborg, through the improvement of living habits and the wellbeing of the population.Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate Hälsoteket in Angered through its participants? subjective experiences. Subsidiary aims were to explore participants? perceptions and opinions about Hälsoteket in Angered, how they perceive the health impact of their participation and their motivations for participating.Method: A qualitative method was used to fulfill the aim.

The purpose of this study is to examine the conditions for pre-school teachers to achieve those goals that are constituted for science education in the Swedish curriculum for the pre-school. The study questions of formulations are: which importance have the conditions for the work with science education in pre-school, which importance have pre-school teachers engagement and knowledge for the work with science education in pre-school and does the pre-school pre-school teachers think that they have enough conditions to achieve those goals that are constituted for science education in the Swedish curriculum for the pre-school. The results are based on an interview survey with ten pre-school teachers from three pre-schools that are connected in a unit. The interviews were recorded and transcribed. The results from the study points out that the pre-school teachers engagement are most important for the work with science education in pre-school to flourish.

Aim: Through the review of scientific articles, this study aimed to identify which oral health-related quality of life instruments that have been used in studies to measure the oral health-related quality of life in older individuals and the application of such instruments.Method: The study is based on a systematic literature review, where 14 articles have been chosen and evaluated against a checklist. Result: The oral health-related quality of life instruments that have been used on individuals, 65 years and older, are OHIP-49, OHIP-14, OHIP-20 or OHIP-EDENT, GOHAI and OIDP. The instruments are used to examine factors associated with the oral health-related quality of life. Significant associations have been identified, among other things, between the number of teeth in static occlusion, dry mouth and the quality of the dentures, and oral health-related quality of life. Social and cultural associations have also been revealed.Conclusions: Today there exist several well functioning instruments that are used for research purposes.

Abstract In this report I describe the Health Care Advice Bureau?s (sjukvårdsrådgivningen) historical background, proposals for its development according to a committee from the Blekinge County Council (Landstinget Blekinge), the Health Care Advice Bureau?s cooperation with different external operators e.g. the SOS and the Care Centers [Vårdcentraler]. I account for how I, in the same county council, aided by ethnographical methods observed or investigated the following: The nurses? interaction with the patients, the nurses? interaction among themselves, the nurses? participation in the development of the system and also the computer based system?s technical qualifications.

Syftet med studien var att belysa hur den fysiska miljön inverkar på patienters hälsa under sjukhusvistelse. Författarna valde att avgränsa den fysiska vårdmiljön till det som avser den inifrån upplevda byggnadens miljö för medicinsk vård och omvårdnad inom sjukhus. Det vill säga arkitektur, design och estetik, ljus och ljud. I studien användes Florence Nightingales omvårdnadsmodell som teoretisk referensram. Studien var en litteraturstudie med en kvalitativ ansats.

Bakgrund: Den palliativa hemsjukvården har haft en stadig utveckling sedan 1970-talet. Allt mer palliativ vård bedrivs i hemmet, därmed spelar anhöriga en viktig roll i omvårdnaden. Det krävs därmed ett ökat psykosocialt stöd till de anhöriga från sjuksköterskan. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att belysa vilken sorts psykosocialt stöd anhöriga önskar av sjuksköterskan, då deras närstående befinner sig i palliativ hemsjukvård. Metod: Metoden som har använts är litteraturstudie. Åtta vetenskapliga artiklar med kvalitativt innehåll analyserades med inspiration från Graneheim och Lundmans innehållsanalys.

Anorexia Nervosa är en sjukdom som debuterar i tonåren och som främst drabbar flickor. Personer med anorexi har en intensiv rädsla för så kallad normalvikt, samt viktuppgång. Syftet med denna studie var att belysa livsvärlden hos två unga kvinnor med denna sjukdom. Metoden som användes var en litteraturstudie. Studien genomfördes, genom analys av två självbiografiska böcker.

I Sverige lever ca 70 000 män som har eller haft prostatacancer vilket utgör 34 % av all cancer hos män. Behandlingen och dess biverkningar kan påverka mannens livsvärld i form av ett lidande, förändrad självkänsla samt påverkan på den subjektiva och levda kroppen. En systematisk litteraturstudie med artiklar av kvalitativ ansats utfördes. Syftet med studien var att undersöka mäns upplevelser av deras livsvärld i samband med prostatacancer. Syftet i analysen besvarades genom att åtta vetenskapliga artiklar valdes ut som sedan analyserades med inspiration av en analysmodell tolkad av Graneheim och Lundmans.