Syftet med denna uppsats är att urskilja motiven till varför företag väljer att flytta produktion närmare kärnverksamheten genom att undersöka bakomliggande motiv och resultat av flytten. Med utgångspunkt från studier av insourcing och tidigare forskning om faktorer för omlokalisering ämnar denna uppsats att undersöka vilka motiven är för producerande företag att flytta produktionen närmare kärnverksamheten. En fallstudie på sex företag med kärnverksamhet i Sverige och som har eller ämnar flytta sin produktion eller del av produktion undersöks gällande sina motiv till flytten. De studerade företagen är Esska, Thermia, Ostnor, Yaskawa Nordic, Scania och Volvo. I en jämförande sammanställning analyseras motiven och ställer dessa mot teorin för att undersöka vad som används i praktiken.Resultatet av studien visade att de viktigaste motiven till att flytta produktion närmare kärnverksamheten var att minska kostnaden för tillverkningen, öka kvaliteten på sina produkter, minska lagret och det bundna kapitalet.

In Sweden whenever trains or maintenance workers want access to the railway system, their requests of usage and movements are being supervised, granted and handled by train dispatchers. The profession holds a key role in making the complex railway system work in terms of efficiency, safety and delivering on-time arrivals. This master thesis, delegated by the Swedish Transport Administration, has been carried out at the Division of Human Computer Interaction at Uppsala University and at the train traffic control center in Gävle. The aim has been to map what information the train dispatchers use in order to make safety-related decisions concerning their working goals. And further to describe and analyze how the train dispatchers, visavi their tools and systems in the work domain, gather necessary information.The result indicates a complex, diverse and spread out setting of different programs, procedures and tools that make satisfactory fulfilment of efficiency, safety and punctuality in relation to the time table hard.

Cloud computing is a new buzzword within the IT-industry, and introduces a whole new way of working with IT. The technique delivers web based services, which results in that the user no longer needs to install an application locally on a computer. Since the application no longer needs to run on a local entity, but in a datacenter located on a service provider, the users no longer need any specific hardware more than a computer with an internet connection. Cloud computing also offers IT-infrastructure and development environments as services, these three service types is better known as cloud services. Through the usage of different types of cloud services, the need for maintenance and hardware is significantly reduced.

Rabbits carry a high risk of anesthesia related death. This study was part of a project to develop a form of total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) with minimal effects on cardiac, respiratory and metabolic parameters. In the study, TIVA with sufentanil and midazolam (group TIVA, n=9) was compared with inhalation anesthesia with sevoflurane (group SEVO, n=9) in female rabbits undergoing surgery (ovariehysterectomi). All rabbits were pre-medicated with medetomidin and carprofen before anesthesia induction. Anesthesia was induced with TIVA (2.3 ?g/ ml sufentanil, 0.45 mg/ ml midazolam) at a rate of 4 ml/ kg/ h and the mean induction dose was 0.4 ?g/ kg of sufentanil and 0.1mg/ kg of midazolam.

Banking systems in India is quite popular and it needs some more changes to reach all the customers. Lack of the service is main problem in Indian baking system. If the common person wants to open the account, it take?s little bit high cost and banks are not near the people location. Due to the Lack of service, people do not want to be a customer of the bank.

The resting area is the most important place in the barn for the dairy cow, sometimes called the heart of the free stall system. Inadequate design of the lying area, and lack of or poor quality of bedding materials may reduce the hygiene of the stall. Poor management regarding the cleanliness of the resting area may lead to poor animal hygiene and increased bacterial growth. This in turn will lead to increased risk for environmental mastitis as well as impairing milk quality through contamination with spores. In this literature study the most commonly used bedding materials; straw, sawdust, wood shavings, clean sand, recycled sand, peat and recycled manure solids, are compared to one another with regards to their ability to resist bacterial growth. Effects of adding hydrated lime to bedding materials have also been studied. Most bacteria need humidity and prefer a quite high water activity to be able to grow.

I takt med att fler motortyper skapas och att kraven på dessa motorer ökar i och med hårdare lagkrav på emissioner så ökar också gruppernas arbetsbelastning. Mycket av arbetet hamnar på grupperna med kalibreringsansvar då det är parametrarna som dessa grupper kalibrerar som delvis styr hur mycket emissioner som släpps ut. Fokus i denna rapport ligger på en delav de grupper som är inblandade i den granskning som sker av parametrarna som kalibreras. Examensarbetet är uppfört eftersom vissa problem med granskningsprocessen har identifierats. Dessa problem grundar sig i bristande kommunikation och kvalitet och mer detaljerat i försenade leveranser och förändringar av parametervärden.

This is an investigation of a mobile prefabrication factory´s competitiveness and profitability which also will result in a suggestion for a design of the factory. The mobile prefabrication factory is an idea of a new concept for production which is meant to be used in the manufacture of slab. The main intention with this concept is that by using a fast established prefabrication factory to produce elements near the construction site, thus avoiding transport from the factory to the building site. This means not only an environmental and economic gain, but also that you can avoid risking damage the elements which often occur during transportation. The contractor is owner of the mobile prefabrication factory and can thus avoid long waiting times and cyclicality.

SammanfattningDenna rapport behandlar temat resurseffektivisering med avsikt att finna effektiviseringar kring tillverkningsprocessen vid gjutning av motorblock. Aspekter vi valt att fokusera på är gjutmetoder, materialval och flöden. För att kunna undersöka detta har teori hämtats från redan existerande litteratur samtidigt som en fallstudie gjorts mot Scanias gjuteri. Vid studierna av tillverkningsmetoder har sandgjutning, precisionsgjutning, gravitationsgjutning och pressgjutning undersökts. Gravitationsgjutning är den metod som används av Scania och därför används denna som referensmetod när jämförelser ska göras.

The measuring of logs is important in the sawmills process to the sawn products. The technology of automatic wood measurement is continuance developing. This study has the purpose to see how the different techniques and the routines works of measure frames for determining of wood value and sorting in sawmills. The study is performed as a literature study and a survey. The survey includes some of the Swedish sawmills that produce more than 10 000 cubic meters sawed products per year.

In Sweden the real estate sector accounts for 33 % of energy consumption and just below 10 % of the emission of carbon dioxide. As a consequence of the external pressure from climate change it?s in everybody?s interest to reduce the energy consumption and thus reduce the emission of carbon dioxide. An additional incentive to reduce the energy consumption is the substantial increase of the energy price since the deregulation of the electricity market in 1996.In this study the techniques that exist to build multi-storey residential buildings with high energy performance will be investigated. Further the study intends to investigate the optimal energy performance from a real estate economic perspective.In order to investigate the optimal energy performance a model has been created with the parameters investment cost, rental revenues, operation and maintenance cost, discount rate and investment horizon.The result shows a relationship between a high investment cost and a high energy performance for newly constructed multi-storey residential buildings.

Det här examensarbetet har genomförts på Ferruform, Luleå, som är ett dotterbolag till Scania. Här produceras bakaxelbryggor, tvär- och sidobalkar samt stötfångare till lastbilar och bussar. I dagsläget finns ett flöde för bakaxelbryggor med navreduktion som inte stämmer överens med huvudflödet av bakaxelbryggor vilket skapar extra hantering och problem vid produktionsplanering. Inom de närmsta åren ska dessutom kapaciteten ökas och artiklarna i flödet ersättas av nya. Målet med examensarbetet har varit att ta fram ett förslag på ett enhetligt flöde som är anpassningsbart till de ökande volymerna och de nya artiklarna.

The web is a constantly growing medium that presumably plays an increasing role in public library reference services. In order to provide high quality reference service the librarians need to be able to master this medium. Therefore it is interesting to get an understanding of how librarians actually use the web. The aim of this Master s thesis is to investigate what web search tools are used by public librarians in reference service. Furthermore, the aim is to get an understanding of how the librarians think about those tools and what background factors influence their selection of tools.

Few issues raise such an engagement as parking areas, both by the municipality, property- and car owners. For car owners, it is of great importance where to park his car. Parking is not simply about availability but also about safety, security and how it affects the urban environment.When the land will be utilized for building development, there are regulations in Chapter 8, § 9 PBL how parking will be provided. Property owners have an obligation to provide parking space and it shall be arranged in an equitable manner, on the site or near it, which gives an opportunity for shared parking facilities. The guidelines for parking that the municipality has adopted should be the starting point for the extent of that space for parking is required when a building permit review.The first thing you should look at, is if the property owner has ability to provide parking space at his own property, but this is not always the best solution in areas such as inner cities.

Bakgrund: När projekt blir allt större och mer komplexa blir det ett ökat behov av ett delat ledarskap. Detta kan låta logiskt, men som vi har upptäckt så är det inte lika enkelt som det kan verka vid en första anblick. Det delade ledarskapet i denna typ av projekt är inte något som vi har sett fullt utvecklat i projektlitteraturen. Därför är det vår avsikt att utveckla detta område vidare genom att undersöka det delade ledarskapet i projektorganisationer. Syfte: Syftet med uppsatsen är att visa varför stora och komplexa projekt behöver ett delat ledarskap och på vilka viktiga roller ledarskapet delas upp samt att i viss mån visa på de problem som detta kan medföra och lösningar till dessa problem.