Urolithiasis hos marsvin är relativt vanligt förekommande (Hawkins et al., 2009; Hoefer, 2004; Gaschen et al., 1998; Riggs, 2008; O´Rourke, 2004; Jola´nkai et al., 2006). Incidensen är 1,3- 5,2 % (Fehr et al., 1997). Etiologin bakom urinsten hos marsvin är i dagsläget till stor del okänd (Hawkins et al., 2007; Hawkins et al., 2009; Hoefer, 2006; Redrobe, 2010). Detta är även anledningen till att en effektiv medicinsk behandling för djurslaget saknas (Hoefer, 2004). Då marsvin, till skillnad från de flesta andra djurslag, har basiskt urin (Redrobe, 2010; Hoefer, 2006; O´Rourke, 2004) har man inte kunnat bevisa någon effekt av stenupplösande läkemedel, som t.ex. kalciumcitrat.

During the past decade environmental challenges have been intensified and given increased attention. This implies that businesses in all sectors strategically need to manage these challenges. The service sector is often considered as a sector with a low environmental impact if the direct environmental aspects are assessed. Still, it has been argued that the environmental impact that the sector gives rise to can create severe indirect environmental impacts. The products and services that are produced by this sector have a relatively limited use of physical resources which may make the environmental impact challenging to visualize. Banks belong to the service sector and it is partly banks that make the development of societies possible.

The first aim of this study is to examine what the differences are between the Classic directive (directive 2004/18/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 31 March 2004 on the coordination of procedures for the award of public works contracts, public supply contracts and public service contracts) and the Revised Classic directive (directive 2014/24/EU of the European Parliament and of the council of 26 February 2014 on public procurement and repealing Directive 2004/18/EC) when it comes to social considerations in public procurement. The second aim is to examine if the revision of the directive has solved the prior existing problems regarding social considerations in public procurement. In this paper a traditional European legal method is used. The examinations show a number of things, including the Revised Classic directive involving codification of case law, references to other sources of law and some clarified rules as well as new provisions. The regulations regarding reserved contracts, technical specifications, and selection criterion are satisfied in the Revised Classic directive.

Islam Hadhari kontra Islam Siasi - om den partipolitiska kampen mellan UMNO och PAS relaterad till Islamiseringen i Malaysia 1974-2004.

The first aim of this study is to examine what the differences are between the Classic directive (directive 2004/18/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 31 March 2004 on the coordination of procedures for the award of public works contracts, public supply contracts and public service contracts) and the Revised Classic directive (directive 2014/24/EU of the European Parliament and of the council of 26 February 2014 on public procurement and repealing Directive 2004/18/EC) when it comes to social considerations in public procurement. The second aim is to examine if the revision of the directive has solved the prior existing problems regarding social considerations in public procurement. In this paper a traditional European legal method is used. The examinations show a number of things, including the Revised Classic directive involving codification of case law, references to other sources of law and some clarified rules as well as new provisions. The regulations regarding reserved contracts, technical specifications, and selection criterion are satisfied in the Revised Classic directive.

The use of artificial insemination (A.I.) as an alternative to normal mating in dog breeding in Sweden are controlled by regulations from the Swedish Board of Agriculture and by ethical rules assigned by the Swedish Kennel Club. Only veterinarians, who have a specific certificate and are specially trained and educated, are allowed to perform inseminations in dogs. Each artificial insemination must be documented and reported to the Swedish Kennel Club (SKK) which, on the behalf of the Swedish Board of Agriculture, yearly presents statistics concerning the use of A.I. in Sweden. The objective of this study was to illustrate the use of artificial insemination in dog breeding in Sweden for the last decade, using the yearly reports from the Kennel Club during the period of 1995 to 2004.

The first aim of this study is to examine what the differences are between the Classic directive (directive 2004/18/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 31 March 2004 on the coordination of procedures for the award of public works contracts, public supply contracts and public service contracts) and the Revised Classic directive (directive 2014/24/EU of the European Parliament and of the council of 26 February 2014 on public procurement and repealing Directive 2004/18/EC) when it comes to social considerations in public procurement. The second aim is to examine if the revision of the directive has solved the prior existing problems regarding social considerations in public procurement. In this paper a traditional European legal method is used. The examinations show a number of things, including the Revised Classic directive involving codification of case law, references to other sources of law and some clarified rules as well as new provisions. The regulations regarding reserved contracts, technical specifications, and selection criterion are satisfied in the Revised Classic directive.

Uppsatsen utvärderar om utländskt ägande har förändrat sammansättningen av den svenska VD:ns lön. För att utvärdera detta genomför vi en kvantitativ undersökning av företag på Stockholmsbörsens A-lista. Data består av VD-löner, uppdelat på fast och rörlig lön, samt utländskt ägande. Undersökningen ska visa om det finns samband mellan utländskt ägande och förändringen i VD-lönen under tidsperioden 1999-2004. I undersökningen finner vi tendenser till att utländskt ägande påverkat sammansättningen av den svenska VD-lönen.

Under senare hälften av 1990-talet har narkotikamissbruket i Sverige ökat. I denna uppsats undersöks huruvida detta har påverkat den övriga brottsligheten genom en analys av data frånen panel bestående av samtliga svenska län 1995 ? 2004. En Fixed-Effects- modell som kontrollerar för läns- och tidsspecifika effekter har anpassats till datamaterialet. Måttet på narkotikakonsumtion är baserat på den årliga enkätstudie som genomförs bland 18- åriga män som mönstrar till värnpliktstjänst i Sverige.

Syfte: Långa perioder av överskuldsättning medför ofta en försämring av den socioekonomiska levnadsnivån hos drabbade individer, vilka därmed löper en ökad risk att drabbas av fysisk och/eller psykisk ohälsa. Syftet med denna rapport var att undersöka om det föreligger en ökad mortalitetsrisk samt dödsspecifika orsaker hos överskuldsatta individer jämfört med normalbefolkningen i motsvarande ålder och kön. Metod: Kronofogden tillhandahöll information om samtliga 2 441 gäldenärer som beviljades skuldsanering under åren 2003 och 2004. Förekomsten av manifest överskuldsättning i denna grupp är kontrollerad och säkerställd genom att Kronofogden har beviljat dessa individer skuldsanering. Datum för dödsfall från perioden 1 januari 2004 till den 31 december 2009 har hämtats från Skatteverkets folkbokföringsregister.

The upstream spawning migration of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) at the confluence area between the power-station outlet and the bypass-channel in river Umeälven (flow 430 m3s-1) was compared in 2004 and 2005, two years with different experimental flow-regimes. In 2004 the water flow in the bypass-channel was altered during the day with increased flows during the nights while the water flow in 2005 mainly was altered between the weekdays and weekends. Salmon showed altered migratory behaviour in this confluence area, assessed with telemetry (n=116) and echo-sounding, with up- or downstream responses depending on flow-changes in both the bypass and the power station outlet. Increased turbine flow through the power-station generally attracted salmon into the tunnel outlet area while increased spill-flows facilitated salmon to enter the bypass. Echo-sounding in the confluence area showed an increased swimming activity up- and downstream due to time in the day and flow-rates through the tunnel outlet. No changes in activity could be detected due to increasing or decreasing flow through the hydro-power facility.

Den negativa miljöpåverkan från förbrukning av fossila bränslen ökar kravet på förnyelsebara energikällor. Biobränsle är ett speciellt lovande alternativ. Detta projekt vill visa på möjligheten att använda gas från biobränsleförgasning som förbränns utan synliga flammor i glassmältugnar. Med bättre teknik är det möjligt både att upprätthålla produktionen och reducera kväveoxidutsläppen med ekonomiska fördelar. Biobränslena bidrar inte till växthuseffekten.

Humanity?s increasing consumption has resulted in an increasing use of resources and thus an increasing environmental impact. Hence, the environment has become an important political issue. The increasing demands from stakeholders on companies to "green" their products and work internally with environmental issues makes it more and more important for enterprises to address these issues. Small enterprises constitute the majority of all enterprises and therefore they have a significant impact on environmental problems.

Vår uppsats är skriven på uppdrag av Vägverket Region Sydösts informationsavdelning i syfte att ta reda på hur deras kundtidning Vägskälet är ur ett jämställdhetsperspektiv. Vi har delat upp undersökningen i två delar. I den första delen använder vi oss av en kvantitativ innehållsanalys. Här undersöker vi innehållet i tidskriften genom att ta reda på hur könsfördelningen ser ut bland intervjuobjekt och i bilder samt hur könsfördelningen är bland skribenter och fotografer när Vägskälet skapas. Denna undersökning baseras på sex nummer av Vägskälet, tre nummer från 2004 och tre nummer från 2007.

The aim of this study is to describe how reviews of literature in Bonniers litterära magasin and Expressen changed during the period 1964-2004. The investigation is based on 20 reviews of novels and short stories, which are analysed with a method described in Hellspong and Ledin (1997) and inspired by Halliday. The theoretical frame of the investigation is founded on critical discourse analysis (Fairclough 1992 & 2001) and Habermas´social theory of the public sphere.The investigation shows, among other things, that the reviews became shorter and easier to read in both paper during the period. The investigation also shows that the genre´s style, composition and contents are relatively stable, and that current ideologies in society have a tendency to be reflected in the reviewers´evaluation of the books. To generalize, the reviews thus developed from a poetic genre in 1964, to become political in the 1970s, academic in the 1980s, feminist in the 1990s and finally an intermedial genre in 2004..