The aim of this study is through a policy analysis to illuminate the decisions that the EU has taken to respond to the terrorist attacks in the US, Madrid and London and through this analysis try to explain the problem of each decision and find out if these decisions might risk the individual rights of the European Union?s citizens.In order to reach this purpose the following questions are to be answered: In what way has the EU?s decision-making process, regarding its fight on terrorism, been affected by the terrorist attacks in Madrid and London? What consequences may the EU?s decisions against terrorism have on the individual rights?The method that has been used is qualitative studies of literature and the main material is overarching policy documents from the EU.The conclusions are that the bombings in Madrid and London have increased the speed of the decision-making process and more areas have been included in the union?s fight against terrorism. If individual rights are at risk by the union?s decisions there are reasons to be concerned. But my conclusion is that the European Union has to have strong and effective instruments to answer to the threat of terrorism..

Titel: ?När det inte går som det är tänkt? ? En studie av Sveriges finansiella institut och deras hantering av mål i samband med operativa risker.Seminariedatum: 31 maj 2011Kurs: 4FE03E Examensarbete ? CivilekonomprogrammetFörfattare: Josefine Martinsson och Sofie Schelin KärrasNyckelord: Operativ risk, Mål, Management Control System, Risk ManagementSyfte: Syftet med denna uppsats är att beskriva hur Sveriges finansiella institut arbetar för att sträva mot målkongruens gällande mål som berör operativa risker enligt Basel II samt att ge tänkbara förklaringar till generella mönster i de finansiella institutens tillvägagångssätt. Med hjälp av hypotesprövningar syftar vi till att söka dessa tänkbara förklarningar.Teori: Den teori som vi främst använt oss av i denna studie är teori om omvärldens påtryckningar, målkongruens, Management Control Systems, Risk Management och Operativa risker. Information som presenteras av BIS angående hur operativa risker bör hanteras ingår även i vår teoretiska referensram. Övrig information om Basel II som syftar till att skapa en förståelse kring hur de operativa riskerna är reglerade presenteras i Bilaga 1.Metod: Undersökningsmetoden som använts i denna studie är en surveyundersökning.

In this master thesis I investigate different views on literary quality in two quite different library journals; Biblioteksbladet and Bibliotek i Samhälle. One aim of the study is to see whether the ambiguity of the term literary quality is considered. Since there is no universally accepted definition of literary quality to be found the analysis is inspired by discourse analysis. This theoretical frame work starts off in the assumption that our views of the world are much dependent the way we describe it. The work of Finnish scholar Sanna Talja is presented and the results of this thesis are compared with the three perspectives on music culture that are presented in her book.

Unga med normbrytande beteende löper en relativt hög risk för en långvarig negativ utveckling. För att förhindra detta krävs tidiga effektiva insatser som i sin tur kräver tillförlitliga bedömningsinstrument som identifierar risker och behov hos unga med, eller i riskzonen för normbrytande beteende. Just detta är syftet med ESTER-bedömning. Föreliggande studies syfte var att undersöka interbedömarreliabiliteten av ESTER-bedömning inklusive en ny kandidatskala för riskfaktorerna . Två oberoende bedömare genomförde ESTER-bedömningar på journalmaterial tillhörande 30 tvångsomhändertagna flickor, 15-20 år.

Alien plants that have intentionally been introduced to an area for cultivation in public or private gardens constitute the primary pathway of introduction for invasive alien species that spread into nature. Garden owners want species that have satisfying characteristics, these characteristics are often also linked to plant invasiveness. Thus, the horticulture industry plays an important role by making scientifically based decisions and phasing out invasive plants and replacing them with alternative species with satisfying characteristics, but low risks of becoming invasive. This thesis aimed to examine the sale of and the attitudes towards alien plants in the horticulture industry in Sweden. Alien terrestrial plants identified to have a severe risk, high risk or potentially high risk of spreading and becoming invasive according to ArtDatabankens assessment, were examined to see if they were for sale.

The main purpose of this study was to translate Stuttering Severity Instrument 3 and to evaluate its reliability and validity. Five speech-language pathologists assessed 35 adults who stutter with this assessment tool. Overall the results showed a very high inter- and intrarater reliability. A highly significant correlation between Stuttering Severity Instrument 3 and ratings of severity, made by the speech-language pathologists, strengthen the validityof Stuttering Severity Instrument 3. No correlation was found between the total score of Stuttering Severity Instrument 3 and the self-report measure Overall Assessment of the Speaker's Experience of Stuttering, whichindicates a lack of social validity in Stuttering Severity Instrument 3.

Today, there are more than 12 000-14 000 farms worldwide using an automatic milking system (AMS). Studies have shown that transition to AMS affects the udder health of cows adversely, recognized primarily as elevated somatic cell counts. There are several reasons for this, for example the greater variation in milking frequency seen in AMS. On one hand, short milking intervals may lead to bad teat condition of the cows due to the stress the milking procedure exposes the teats to. Too long milking intervals, on the other hand, seem to predispose for milk leakage, which is, in turn, a risk factor for the development of mastitis.

Denna uppsats utreder den skadest?ndsr?ttsliga problematiken som uppst?r vid l?ngsamt framskridande skador, med s?rskild inriktning p? H?gsta domstolens avg?rande i NJA 2023 s. 916. R?ttsfallet r?r fr?gan om personskada ska anses ha uppst?tt till f?ljd av att ett kommunalt vattenbolag har levererat dricksvatten f?rorenat med PFAS, vilket har lett till att inv?nare i byn Kallinge f?tt kraftigt f?rh?jda PFAS-niv?er i blodet.

This paper aims to investigate what part Swedish media plays when it comes to portraying hiv and people infected by the virus. The study comes from articles published in Sweden's two largest daily newspapers, Dagens Nyheter and Göteborgs Posten, in 2007.By using discourse analysis we found that hiv within Sweden is described as related to riskgroups or risk behaviour and that individuals with hiv is portrayed as average people living normal lives. Except for the above described pattern, stories about so called hiv-men frequently occur. Overall, the words abroad and foreigners are reproduced in articles about individuals living with hiv or aids. When it comes to articles describing hiv abroad, aids is more in focus and people living with the virus is portrayed as innocent victims.

Riskhantering inom rese- och turismnäringen där resenärens uppfattning ligger till grund för dennes köpbeslutsprocess har fått begränsat med uppmärksamhet på den akademiska arenan.Syfte: denna uppsats syftar till att studera vilka riskuppfattningar som en potentiell resenär associerar med den urbana miljön, samt hur detta fungerar som inverkansfaktor på resenärens konsumentbeteende i valet av staden som destination. Teoretiskt ramverk: en litteraturgenomgång och ett teoretiskt ramverk visar på vad som utgör det så kallade risksamhället, betydelsen av riskkategorisering diskuteras samt hur kopplingen mellan resenärens riskuppfattning och dennes köpbeslutsprocess ser ut.Metod: för att uppnå syftet har problemet angripits med ett abduktivt arbetssätt. En kombination av kvantitativ och kvalitativ metodik har applicerats. I enkätundersökningen deltog 224 inkommande resenärer till Stockholm, vilket har bearbetats statistiskt med Pearsons Chi2-test för att undersöka graden av riskuppfattning beroende på socio-demografiska faktorer. Dessutom genomfördes nio samtalsintervjuer som ledde till en tematiserad sammanställning.Empiri: genom enkätformuläret observerades att psykologiska riskuppfattningar var mest framträdande, och i samtalsintervjuerna noterades hur riskuppfattningen påverkar konsumentbeteendet.Resultat: slutsatserna som har dragits är att 1) korrelation föreligger mellan socio-demografiska faktorer och riskuppfattning, 2) stadens livsrytm fungerar som inverkansfaktor, och att 3) uppfattningen om risker präglas av subjektivitet..

Background: Since the early 60?s, the CAPM or Capital Asset Pricing Model, has been an invaluable tool for assessing an asset's expected return, assuming that the asset is added to an already well-diversified portfolio of assets. CAPM theory assume that the unsystematic risk can be diversified and that the systematic, market-specific, risk is determined by the Beta value, from the Greek ?. An investor who takes big risks expect higher returns.One of the CAPM?s basic assumptions is that disruption in the market is not taken into account.

Bakgrund: Att arbeta i en miljö där hälsofarlig rök och risk för smitta förekommer innebär en risk för operationssjuksköterskans hälsa. På universitetssjukhuset finns riktlinjer om när mun- och andningsskydd ska användas.Syfte: Att undersöka om operationssjuksköterskorna på universitetssjukhuset har fullgoda kunskaper om sjukhusets riktlinjer angående mun- och andningsskydd. Att undersöka förutsättningarna för operationssjuksköterskorna att kunna följa riktlinjerna, deras upplevelse av riktlinjernas tillgänglighet samt vilka faktorer som avgör operationssjuksköterskornas val av mun- och andningsskydd.Metod: Studien är en deskriptiv enkätstudie med tvärsnittsdesign och kvantitativ ansats. Enkäter delades ut till operationssjuksköterskor på universitetssjukhuset vilka är verksamma på operationssal. För att bli godkänd i sin kunskap krävdes att respondenten hade 100 % rätta svar på kunskapsfrågorna.

This thesis concerns partial discharges in stator windings and the possibility of analyzing data using statistical methods. Partial discharges, or PD, are a physical phenomenon in which discharges occur locally due to large electric fields. PD can occur in or adjacent to the insulation of stator windings and causes breakdown of the insulating materials. PD measurement can provide an idea of how widespread the PD activity is. A technique to measure and analyze PD that has become very popular over the last few decades is phase resolved PD patterns.

The purpose of this work was to investigate and provide understanding regarding how AI can be used to make organizations more efficient, where risk management is also discussed. The basic model for the study is the Resource-based view, which is about making use of one's resources which are described through many different perspectives. The method used for this study was a qualitative analysis, which was applied through interviews with several people with high positions within companies and relevant skills, based on insight and experiential knowledge.These people work in different industries, therefore a large part of the work was intended to carry out a comparative analysis between a line of different businesses. The results showed that AI is in a developing phase, and based on the respective industry, it has developed in different ways. Finally, it turned out that AI can make businesses more efficient by, among other things, managing data and automating various work processes faster compared to humans.

This paper aims to investigate abnormal returns for rivals to bidder targets in connection with the announcement of the bid. The study is based on 38 bids placed between September 2006 - January 2011 and 137 rival firms listed on Nasdaq OMX Nordic. We measure cumulative abnormal returns, CAR, for rival firms through an event study. We find that rival firms earn significant positive CAR in connection with the announcement of the bid. This is in line with the two-sided signaling effect presented by Akhigbe et al.