Urban farming can be viewed in several contexts. The first part of this work brings up the beneficial effects of farming on our physical and mental health, knowledge as well as on social life in cities. The introduction of gardening in schools can contribute to an increased awareness on both agricultural practices and importance as well as ecological processes. It can also be used in teaching of other subjects. Farming can also contribute to improving the household economy, and the economy on a municipal or national level.

Which expectations did leading debaters place on fiction as an instrument in achieving societal changes hoped for by introducing the Public library? How can the value of fiction be described in relation to the mission of the Public library, according to these moulders of public opinion? Place and timeframe for this thesis is Sweden around the years 1905-1912 (period of formation of the Public library here according to the Anglo-American model). Starting point is the assumption that the Public library as a political institution is characterized by an ideological function. It produces meaning and norms, it sets standards of value. Method used is based on close reading and comparison.

When we, in the turn of the year 07/08 moved to Holma, Malmö,I and my cohabiter immediately joined the self-managementon our tenement yard, partly because we both missed havinga garden since we moved to an apartment, partly becauseof the rent reduction. The aim with this thesis is to examinehow the common outdoor environment in tenement yards isaffected when the tenets themselves are responsible for themaintenance. But also to see what social affects self-managementbrings. The purpose is to increase the understanding of howself-management works in practice and how we as landscapearchitects need to adjust ourselves and our design to create alasting design that works when the tenets are in charge of theirown outdoor environment.I have been studying a number of tenement yards with selfmanagement,both municipal and private tenement houses. I havestudied both their design and their self-management, how it isworking and how it is organized partly trough deep interviewsand also by questionnaires to the tenets of the yards in question.I found three tenement yards with some differences.

Timber floating operations in Scandinavia during the 19th and 20th centuries has contributed to severe negative impacts on riverine ecosystems. Increase in water velocity and lack of stream bed heterogeneity as a result of stream channelization lead to increased bed load transport. Since availability and recruitment of new suitable spawning substrate in Scandinavian watercourses is sparse, spawning habitats for salmonids has become a scarce commodity. Lately, increasingly more attention has been given to the recreation and improvement of brown trout (Salmo trutta) spawning habitats in restoration projects. While much of the research on spawning habitat has been focused on evaluation of the influence that the constructed spawning grounds have on fish populations, few studies have been conducted to evaluate the persistence of these constructions over time. I evaluate erosion of constructed spawning beds as an effect of sediment transport attributable to water discharge.

To work with environments outdoors for people, animals and plants is the main topic for the landscapearchitect. On several occasions the work is about public places that is to be in relation with other parts of the town. It is about the activities and the life that take place. The physical environment and the interpretation of it gives possibilities or obstructions for people who moves around or spend time in it.Since public places, parks and places for movement are used in daily life they strongly effect the people who use the places. The concequences of this effect can be positive or negative experiences.A positive example is a passage over a brook on the way to school while a negative one is to be afraid while passing a tunnel when it is dark outside. Other examples of concequences are stress effect from traffic noice or calming environments with twitter of birds. The physical environment is also a part of the total interpretation of a town.

Det här är en undersökning om hur proposition ?Prop. 2008/09:119. Strandskyddet och utveckling av landsbygden ? har gett upphov till en förskjutning av makt i strandskyddets dispensgivning.

Älvdalens Savings Forest was formed in the late 1800's. During this time the country was conducting the first major land reform in Sweden, namely the redistribution of arable land through government action. In Älvdalen people saw an opportunity to form Savings Forest, that is jointly owned forests, where everyone would get part of the proceeds. The yield in the first place would cover were costs to manage and monitor the forest and to the measures to ensure regrowth and improve the forests. You could also use the proceeds to develop the area and make it easier for the population to manage their forest. In early summer, a survey was sent to all the members of Älvdalens Savings Forest.

Det finns ett stadsbyggnadsideal kring den hållbara staden som har vuxit sig allt starkare, där förtätning är en strategi för att uppnå hållbarhet. Men vid förtätning uppstår det en konflikt mellan grönstruktur och bebyggelse, då det finns motsättningar mellan vilka ytor som ska exploateras och vilka som ska behållas eller utvecklas för rekreation och grönska, och denna motsättning ?tätt? kontra ?grönt? är en fråga som har karaktäriserat dagens stadsplanering. Men med en framtid som enligt statistik tydligt går mot en förtätning måste grönskans värden tas tillvara i denna utveckling, och grönskan måste få ta plats i nya sammanhang. En strategi för att integrera grönska i täta stadsmiljöer är att anlägga fickparker, små parker med fokus på kvalitet istället för kvantitet.

Grönstrukturen är en av de övergripande strukturerna i vårt samhälle tillsammans med bebyggelsestruktur och infrastruktur. Alla olika funktioner som grönstrukturen har kan i sin tur delas in i tre övergripande grupper med: sociala, ekologiska och kulturella funktionsvärden. Det är ofta så att de sociala och kulturella värdena inte får lika stor tyngd vid beslutsfattande. Då är de främst de ekologiska funktionerna som går före eftersom den befintliga naturen har t.ex. skyddsvärda arter. Det finns olika sätt att planera ett områdes grönstruktur som saknar befintlig grönska: Patrik Grahns åtta parkkaraktärer tillsammans med typaktiviteterna med sina tydliga inriktningar och konkreta innehåll kan ligga till grund för och inspirera till nya parker och grönområden.

Sub Saharan Africa has during the last decade become the world?s fastest urbanizing region. This change is concentrated to a few metropolitan areas one of them being Dar es Salaam, the largest city of Tanzania. Since the 1960s Dar es Salaam has grown from being a relatively small coastal city of approximately 300 000 people to become a bustling urban centre of four million inhabitants. This development has had a major impact on the city structure, which in turn has affected people?s welfare and the surrounding environment. One such consequence is the detrimental loss of urban vegetation and open areas in the city.

Den omfattande exploateringen av Sveriges skogar under 1800-talets andra hälft ledde till en motreaktion där tankar om uthålligt skogsbruk etablerades i början på 1900-talet. Detta fick till följd att efterfrågan på arbetskraft ökade i de norrländska skogsbygderna. Framkomligheten var inte bara ett problem för skogsbruket, även befolkningen i Norrlands inland var i stort behov av utfartsvägar som komplement till kommunikationen längs älvarna. En åtgärd som vid tiden föreslogs för att komma till rätta med den svåra framkomligheten i det norrländska skogslandskapet var byggnation av en enkel typ av vägar. Cykelstigarna var, som namnet antyder, tänkta för persontrafik i första hand med cykel och motorcykel.

Old industrial sites bear witness of the unsustainable industrial developments in the past. Today many of them stand abandoned and empty, old structures lacking function in our present society. We have in this thesis participated in a visionary student competition arranged by IFLA, International Federation of Landscape Architecture by developing a proposal based on a vision of how Stockholm can stimulate a greener development. We have done this by turning an unsustainable industrial site in the city into an ecological node; Arboretum Lövholmen. Our aim is to develop an entry for IFLA?s visionary student competition by creating a new sustainable design for the industrial area of Lövholmen in Stockholm. We have worked with the following research questions: How can we create a visionary design proposal for Lövholmen that promotes sustainable development with the help of ecological design? How can the competition format be a design tool? How can the working process developing a competition entry progress? The competition demands have shaped our working process and functioned as a platform for the structure of this thesis.

Idag finns det ett stort tryck på förtätning i vattennära lägen. Många gamla verksamhetsområden och hamnområden utvecklas till nya stadsdelar. Stora delar av hamnen i Oskarshamn används idag fortfarande aktivt men Inre Hamnen står utan någon direkt användning. Syftet med mitt arbete har varit att utforma ett förslag från oanvänd hamn till attraktiv del av staden, som kopplar ihop Inre Hamnen med stadens centrum, men som även ska öka platsens attraktion. Syftet har även varit att öka viljan att röra och befinna sig i hamnområdet. Ett problem har varit den upplevda barriärseffekten på Skeppsbron, som sträcker sig längs med en stor del av planområdet. Att få ner skalan på vägen samt minska bilarnas dominans har varit av stor vikt i utformandet av planförslaget. För att få grepp om platsens egenskaper och karaktär har Cullens serial vision använts samt en SWOT-analys (styrkor, svagheter, möjligheter och hot). Hur man skapar en attraktiv stad har genomsyrat arbetet och även legat till grund vid utformningen av frågeställningarna. I arbetet har jag använt mig av tre teoretiker som alla talar om hur attraktivitet uppnås. De teoretiker jag använt mig av är Jan Gehl, Jane Jacobs och Gordon Cullen. Det Jacobs och Gehl förespråkar är att specifika fysiska strukturer gynnar möten mellan människor i städer samt mångfald.

As we travel more and more by train it becomes increasingly important that the time we spend traveling, is of great quality. This has been the foundation of this master thesis and has shaped the outcome of it. The traveling experience, that is, the experience of the landscape that flashes by outside the train window, is an important aspect in railway planning and an aspect that should be taken into greater consideration. The purpose of this master thesis has been to examine how to compose or improve the travel experience for an already planned high speed railway and how the travel experience can be combined with other aspects, which have claims on the landscape. This thesis is based on a literature study and a case study of Ostlänken. The work describes Ostlänken, a planned high speed railway in Sweden between Järna and Linköping, with top speeds at 300-320 kilometers per hour.

This work has been made in cooperation with the municipality of Eslöv and the inventory area is a part of the deepening of the municipality plan of east Eslöv. The aim of the work is to test the principle of balance in the overall planning. Later in the detailed planning process a more detailed calculation is made and a suggestion of suitable measures for compensation is made. Then the method with green area factors can be used. The goal is to balance the negative influence on the environment from the planned impacts to gain a sustainable development of the city. The principle of balance means that the one responsible for the development also has to compensate for the negative impacts on nature and landscape that comes with the development.