På många håll i världen men inte i Afrika tar tillväxten fart. Det tycks inte som att de faktorer som hjälper andra kontinenter att nå tillväxt verkar tillväxtfrämjande i Afrika. En stor del av världens befolkning är i behov av en förbättrad välfärd och det är delvis upp till ekonomer att komma på en fungerande lösning.Med hjälp av en regressionsanalys, innehållande fyra modeller, undersöks hur och i vilken grad erkända tillväxtvariabler; ekonomisk frihet, real BNP per capita, utbildningsgrad och utländska direktinvesteringar, kan förklara variationen av tillväxten i Afrika. Vi vill även kontrollera för variablerna ?andel HIV- och AIDS positiva? och ?korruptionsgraden?, då vi tror att dessa verkar tillväxthämmande i Afrika.

In recent decades, demands has emerged that the companies shall take a greater social responsibility for the impact that they have on their environment and that this impact shall be reported, which is known as Sustainability Reporting. The Sustainability Report is based on a number of general principles that ensure the content and the quality of the Sustainability Report. One of these principles is the principle of completeness. In the research, this principle seems to have been interpreted in terms of number of reported aspects and indicators, which can be a limited view where only the existence of the aspects and indicators is observed. By including the degree of the reporting in terms of full, partial and no reporting as well as a comparison between the real and the alleged reporting, our intention is to extend the principle of completeness and to develop a tool that we also apply through an empirical survey in a particular area.

Explores the difference between the two versions of Virginia Woolfs short story about Nurse Lugton..

In this study we wanted to have a closer look at how a specific working team of pedagogues in the senior part of elementary school works with student influence through a pedagogical concept created by themselves. We have used qualitative interviews as a method to achieve relevant information from the pedagogues, and from students teached by the same.The purpose of the study was to investigate how the working team, through the concept, pursue real student influence within different school subjects and how the individual student is favored in his/her learning process. Another intention was to find out to what extent the students experience this influence. We also wanted to elucidate the advantages as well as the disadvantages of this concept, and to shed some light on how the informants view the future development of the concept.The result shows that consensus prevails to a large extent among teachers and students regarding the signification of real student influence in the everyday learning situation. It also appears that the students? abilities to exercise influence vary between different school subjects.

The Swedish commercial real estate market is in the current situation globally affected and is actively interacting with the rental and capital markets through international tenants and investors who are setting new demands on the property owners. The European Union has set new requirements as well in purpose of reducing humanity?s negative effect on the climate and therefore the international real estate market has introduced Green Building-certificates in order to decrease the real estate industry?s environmental impact.Certificated buildings with low energy consumption are a more common sight in Sweden these days. The development, however, could go even faster if there was not certain difficulties between property owners and tenants. Previous research has revealed that tenants do not always have knowledge about, or may have access to the economic benefits that a green building can provide.

In recent decades, demands has emerged that the companies shall take a greater social responsibility for the impact that they have on their environment and that this impact shall be reported, which is known as Sustainability Reporting. The Sustainability Report is based on a number of general principles that ensure the content and the quality of the Sustainability Report. One of these principles is the principle of completeness. In the research, this principle seems to have been interpreted in terms of number of reported aspects and indicators, which can be a limited view where only the existence of the aspects and indicators is observed. By including the degree of the reporting in terms of full, partial and no reporting as well as a comparison between the real and the alleged reporting, our intention is to extend the principle of completeness and to develop a tool that we also apply through an empirical survey in a particular area.

This thesis is based on a case study for the real estate manager Mimer in Västerås. Mimer provides a great deal of this city?s rental apartments. Many of their buildings have ventilation systems with a type of heat-recovery called ?heatpipe?.

Denna studie undersöker hur känslor uttrycks på Twitter i relation till reality-serien The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills. För att kunna göra detta har en metod valts som fungerar bra på att undersöka kulturer på internet, Netnografi. 125 tweets har tematiserats efter känslor och operationaliserats med hjälp av det värdeobjekt som känslorna kretsar kring. Tweeten delades först in som positiva, med kärlek och glädje som känslor. De negativa delades in i äckel, avundsjuka, irritation, ilska och hat.

AbstractThe real estate sector is today responsible for 40 per cent of the total amount of energy consumption within the members of the EU. All over the world there are collaborations within research and projects to find ways of reducing the amount of energy consumed by the real estate sector. In Sweden, a directive from the European Union has posed demands on authorities as well as on the private sector to reduce the amount of energy consumed by new building constructions. Together with the directive from the EU there are also new requirements and demands from Boverket for the real estate sector.  These requirements mostly concern the energy consumption of kilowatt-hour per square metre and that the consumed energy also should be renewable.  The aim of this study is to explain what kind of value municipalities experience in using certifications and environmental investments for new and existing buildings. Within the chapter theory, essential areas are described such as; environmental certification systems, economical viability, proceeds connected to building green, difficulties with building green, the performance of green buildings when affected by the behaviour of tenants and customer value.  The following chapter describes the methodology with which we have conducted this study.

Advertisers of today are facing a great challenge in a landscape where it becomes even more difficult to break through the clutter and convince consumers to buy their products. In order to succeed, they need to come up with new ways of communicating with their customers. The purpose of this paper is to investigate if micro-blogging could be considered an effective media choice in order to enhance the perception of brand associations and traditional communication effects. The subject is of interest as brands are putting increasingly more resources into this communication channel. However, at the current date the marketing effects of micro-blogging is unexplored in academic research.

Sedan införandet av euro som gemensam valuta har interna obalanser inom euroområdet växt sig starkare till följd av reala apprecieringar i speciellt Portugal, Irland, Italien, Grekland och Spanien. Detta har lett till att ländernas internationella konkurrenskraft försvagats. För att få bukt med de interna obalanserna krävs det att länderna återfår sin internationella konkurrenskraft, deras varor måste bli billigare i jämförelse med deras handelspartner. Detta kan komma till stånd genom reala deprecieringar. Hösten 2008 drabbades världen av den djupaste ekonomiska nedgången sedan andra världskriget, något som förvärrade situationen för de krisande euroländerna.Uppsatsen belyser de interna obalanserna inom euroområdet och diskuterar teoretiskt på vilka sätt länderna kan få stånd till reala deprecieringar när det inte finns någon växelkurs att ändra mot de andra euroländerna.

Today's real estate buyers value the purchase different today compared to a decade back. Previously it was the return value that ruled the market. This has created problems when the broker must allocate the purchase price of the property's various elements, because non-monetary values such as forest for leisure, recreation, and the feeling of owing has increased in recent years and an increasingly important part in the valuation process. The assessed value can be a guide, but is perceived today to be stereotyped to put a fair value at the individual item. The purpose of this study was to provide the real estate agent decision support and a guide to the likely value of accounting for the purchase price. The report is written on behalf of LRF Konsult. The result is based on a questionnaire survey which was conducted in June 2014 among all those who had bought a farming property in Dalarna and Gävleborg province mediated by LRF Konsult in 2013. The report was made with a split to see if the valuation and motives differ between new and previous owners. It was possible to see a big difference in the reason for the purchase, where a large share of new owner bought the land for capital investment, in contrast to previous owners whose biggest group bought for an active use. At several points it was possible to identify a higher non-monetary value of the new owner from the previous landowner.

Purpose: The main purpose of the thesis is to examine the consequences of applying IAS40 on the Swedish real estate companies? annual reports. How does its application affect the companies? stockholders? capital and how do the companies solve the problems that occur due to the application of this standard.Method: The authors use both the qualitative and quantitative approaches to process the thesis. The primary data comprises of hard data in form of annual reports and the secondary data consists of the soft data as direct interviews and email interviews.Theory: There aren?t any theories on the subject.

Syftet med denna uppsats var att undersöka om RTK ? tekniken (Real Time Kinematik) i framtiden kan komma att användas vid lotsning i Sverige, ombord på fartyg med begränsat vattendjup under kölen.  Squateffekten påverkar fartyg vid passage över grunda partier i farleder och i kanaler. För att minska ner på squateffekten så kan man minska ned på farten eller ändra fartygets trim. Studien har utformats utefter en kvalitativ metod, som handlar om att man väljer att bearbeta och analysera sin information genom att verbala analysmetoder används. Detta har genomförts genom att intervjua ett antal utvalda lotsar som både är insatta samt mindre insatta i tekniken.

In this essay, I have examined and discussed the similarities and differences between christology in the thought of Cyril of Alexandria and Martin Luther, and further, to what extent Luther may have been influenced by Cyril in his doctrines of christology and Christ?s presence in the Eucharist. By reading texts written by Cyril as well as by Luther, I have tried to describe the position of each of the theologian?s. In the next step, I compared the thoughts of Cyril and Luther, and tried to show on both similarities and differences.