In connection with the property crises in many countries, caused by the financial crises, people are now more aware of the risks involved in poor property-investments. The unusually cold winters along with extreme prices of electricity in Sweden in recent years has also contributed to increased interest in energy-efficient buildings.The process of developing a modern family home in Kiruna, Sweden is presented the first part of this paper. The house has been designed to withstand very high stresses from snow, low energy consumption as well as a high standard of living comfort. Aspects of the house covered here involves everything from construction, heating and ventilation to sanitation. Each of these areas is presented based on their underlying, scientific methods or theories.

Gardens from the first decades of the 20th century are often described as seen from a sublime ownership perspective. It may be artists, authors or some other intellectuals, they are all attributed as creators of the referred estate. As far as practically oriented gardeners, constructors or garden consultants are mentioned, they are consequently seen as the mere instruments for carrying out the intentions of the actual owners. Referring to those circumstances it is however well worth notifying that all properties, and in particular the gardens belonging to it, are submitted to a constant change. For anyone acquainted with garden work, it is quite obvious that the gardens vitality is closely related to the ongoing design process, by which form and content are created and re-created.

Energy consumption is at present a major political issue, and numerous projects that comprise many nations are currently in process to increase energy efficiency and bring down energy dependency. As a member state of the EU, Sweden now faces the challenge of implementing substantial energy-saving measures until the year 2016. One of these measures is the project ?Green Islands? financed by the EU that intend on creating sustainable islands in areas around the Baltic Sea. The Archipelago Foundation leads the project that concerns the Stockholm archipelago, where focus has been placed upon decreasing energy usage in businesses and services on Utö among other islands.

Syfte: Syftet med min studie är att genom analys av två filmer som skildrar likartade teman från två olika tidsperioder exemplifiera hur en socialt utsatt miljö och människor i den skildras i svensk spelfilm. Med filmerna som utgångspunkt vill jag skapa underlag för en diskussion om vilka eventuella konsekvenser dessa skildringar kan få för hur de som ser filmerna uppfattar de verkliga miljöerna och dess invånare. I studien undersöks följande frågeställningar: Hur beskrivs den utsatta miljön i de respektive filmerna? Vilka karaktärer används och hur beskrivs dessa? Hur används miljön respektive karaktärerna för att bygga handlingen? Vad kan det innebära att miljöerna respektive karaktärerna i filmerna beskrivs på det sätt som de gör för hur en publik uppfattar de som bor i dessa miljöer i verkligheten?Metod: Utifrån syftet med undersökningen och för att besvara mina frågeställningar har jag gjort en kvalitativ studie i form av en etnografisk innehållsanalys (ECA) av två svenska spelfilmer samt semistrukturerade intervjuer med tre intervjupersoner. I min analys har jag använt mig av socialkonstruktionism så som den beskrivs av Hacking som ett övergipande teoretiskt perspektiv för Pierre Bourdieus teori om det sociala rummet och G.

Det här examensarbetet tar upp en del av den problematik som uppstår då gruvverksamheten kommer in på tättbebyggt område. Arbetet består av att studera stadsomvandlingen av Kiruna och Malmberget utifrån tre valda problem: en samhällsekonomisk bedömning, miljöskada samt skyddszon mellan gruva och samhälle.Avsikten med den samhällsekonomiska bedömningen har varit att belysa huruvida de prövningar som görs för gruvverksamheten tar hänsyn till de ekonomiska konsekvenser som en statsflytt innebär.  För gruvan görs förvisso en ekonomisk bedömning av fyndighetens förutsättningar, men inga beräkningar på hur mycket intrånget som en avveckling och flytt av bebyggelse och infrastruktur innebär.Det andra problemet handlar om rätt till ersättning för miljöskada för dels isoleringen av östra Malmberget och dels randbebyggelse till gruvan. Störningen som förekom i östra Malmberget var en isolering av området gentemot övriga områden på orten, medan randbebyggelsens störningar utgjordes av förfulad omgivning, buller och skakningar samt en oro till följd av gruvverksamheten.  De störningar som inte ansågs vara orts- eller allmänvanliga kunde ge ersättning för miljöskada. I undersökningen så kom vi fram till att isoleringen av bebyggelsen i östra Malmberget inte var orts- eller allmänvanlig, däremot så ansågs störningen för randbebyggelsen vara det, dvs. rätt till ersättning förelåg inte.Det tredje och sista problemet tar upp en skyddszon mellan gruvan och samhället.

The content of teaching materials considerably affects pupils? attitudes and worldview. This paper is an analysis of textbooks used in 7th through 9th grade of the Swedish School system in Swedish as a Second Language (SSL) and English as a Foreign Language (EFL). The purpose of this paper is to look at which minority groups, the five official national minorities as well as other minorities, are included and portrayed in the textbook series Tre gånger svenska and Wings Mini as well as to see if there is any bias in their portrayal. The seven types of bias investigated; invisibility, stereotyping and generalizations, unreality, imbalance and selectivity, fragmentation and isolation, linguistic bias and cosmetic bias are an adaption of the framework to detect bias in curriculum materials presented by Sadker and Zittleman (2002/2003).

Problem area of this Bachelor thesis is the mental illness of internationally adopted at the age of 16-26. Our study focuses on a compilation of previous results from positivistic researches in the first question formulation. In the second and third question formulations a narrative text analysis, through hermeneutically interpret risk and prevention factors, is carried out for the life of internationally adopted that can lead to mental health/illness and how they apprehend to be adoptees. The purpose is to get a comprehensive understanding at individual, group and society's view of their lives. Further intention is to interpret the material for possible approach angles on further research.

Examensarbetet har utförts vid ABB Power Transformers i Ludvika i plåtverkstaden, där stora transformatorlådor svetsas ihop. Tillsammans med vår handledare på företaget utformades ämnet för examensarbetet att bedöma luftkvalitet och arbetsmiljö vid punktsvetsning i koppar. Det fanns misstanke om att exponeringen för koppar var hög och en utvärdering av luftkvaliteten behövde därmed göras. Ingen tidigare exponeringsmätning vid svetsning i koppar har genomförts i plåtverkstaden. Syftet med examensarbetet var att utvärdera och komma fram till tre åtgärdsförslag för att skapa en bättre arbetsmiljö vid punktsvetsning samt att begränsa exponeringen av svetsrök som bildas vid svetsning i koppar. Tre åtgärder var företagets önskemål.

In today?s society a large focus is put on energy systems and how our energy systems are built up. In order to make sure that we in the future still can enjoy the living standards that we are used to today, Sweden and EU have made a number of decisions on making our energy system more energy efficient and consequently reduce the usage of energy resources. By 2020 the European Union should have reduced its energy consumption by 20 % compared to 1990?s level, and by 2050, 50%.

This essay has been made on behalf of the co-operative society Mäster Grön, which is selling ornamental plants to retailers in Sweden. The aim of this study has been to find out what added value Mäster Grön gets from their co-branding with the Swedish Seal of quality. The main topic of discussion was; how much value added does this co-branding give to Mäster Gröns pot plants? Are there differences from a customer point of view in value added between a garden center and a retail store? How much weight does the costumer put on the branding when buying a plant? Does the customer know what the values of Mäster Grön and Swedish Seal of quality mean? Two questions of lesser worth were asked to the consumers about what they thought about the protective plastic around the plant, and if they were interested in getting more information about the origin as well as the method of production of the plant. The study was divided into two parts, one in which customers were observed and one where the customers answered a survey.

Cattle used for meat production can be held outside all year round and due to the legislation they should have access to shelters or other buildings for protection against the elements giving them a dry and clean bedding. There are different opinions concerning their need of protection and the question about necessity of shelters for cattle is of current interest due to a less profitable economy in meat production and the investment costs for shelters. The aim of this study was to acquire more knowledge about the natural behaviour of cattle concerning their use of shelters. The basis of the study was a series of questions regarding when animals choose to stay in shelters, if shelters were used less when they had access to protecting vegetation, how temperature and weather conditions affected the use of shelters and the influence of distance between shelter and feed. Behavioural studies was conducted at five different farms where six groups of suckler cows and heifers of following breeds and crossbreeds were observed; Aberdeen Angus, Charolais, Hereford, Scottish Highland Cattle, Simmental and the Swedish breeds SKB and SRB.

This work is a GIS study of fishing rights distribution between different categories of ownersand properties in the Stockholm Archipelago. The purpose was to create basic data used toestablish fishing laws and restrictions within the Stockholm County.Stockholm?s archipelago consists of a unique environment and is the natural life andreproduction environment for ? of Sweden?s reproducing fish species. The increasingpressure from fishing, tourism and weekend population increases the need for an efficientfishing administration to prevent impoverishment and to ensure the biological diversity inSwedish fishing waters. There is an increasing need to review fishing administrationmethodologies, as well as studying the categories of ownership and properties located insensitive areas and areas influenced by physical disturbances in order to establish effectivelaws and restrictions.The Swedish fishing rights for an area are currently not connected to the ownership of theproperty to which it belongs.

If you keep cattle in a herd outside all year round on big varying grounds, their possibilityto perform their natural behaviour increases. This way of keeping cattle requires that youprovide them with their other needs, like shelter and a dry and clean resting place.According to the animal welfare authority´s regulations on livestock farming, only animalsthat are suited to stay outside during the cold season are allowed to be kept outside. Theyshould also have access to a shelter or another building that gives them protection from theweather and wind and provides a dry and clean resting place.Research has shown that as long as cattle do not get exposed to precipitation and wind theywill manage low temperature well. Some of the things that will affect how well the animalshandle different climates are the isolation ability of the fur, the animals´ body size and thefeed intake. A dry lying place that is both insulating and moisture absorbent is also of greatimportance.

Oilseed rape is an important crop in Sweden and is grown on about 90000 ha today. The interest in oil seed pro-duction is increasing because of growing demand and high prices for oil seed both in Sweden and Europe. However, an increased intensity in the oil seed production can bring higher risk of yield losses due to fungal diseases. The purpose of this study was to investigate what different fungi are associated with oilseed rape under field conditions and if their incidence is correlated to crop establishment problems. This study was carried out in three parts: 1) investigations on fungal community structure in roots and rhizosphere soils from young spring- and winter rape plants sampled in failed respectively good establishment patches in four fields, 2) investigations on the pathogenicity of fungi isolated from oilseed rape in controlled environment and 3) investigations on the effect of different fungicide seed treatments on germination and early plant development in a field soil naturally infested with damping off- and Verticillium wilt pathogens. The studies on community structure using a combined approach of standard fungal isolation techniques and DNA based methods revealed a high fungal diversity in three out of four studied fields of spring rape and winter rape. For some unknown reason, very few fungal species were identified from the fourth field.

En grampositiv bakterie kallad meticillin-resistent Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), har utvecklat resistens mot antibiotika och är ett stort problem inom humansjukvården där den orsakar vårdrelaterade infektioner. En ökad användning av antibiotika är en faktor som gör det möjligt för bakterier att minska sin känslighet för antibiotika och utveckla resistens, vilket i längden ökar morbiditet och mortalitet hos människor och djur. Spridningen av resistenta bakterier på sjukhus runt om i världen beror i sin tur till stor del på grund av dåliga vårdhygienrutiner. Under den senaste tiden har MRSA även blivit ett problem hos djur, vilket förmodligen beror på den nära kontakten som människor och djur har till varandra. Hästsjukhus både i Sverige och utomlands har kunnat bekräfta utbrott där samma stam av MRSA kontaminerat områden i miljön, patienter och personal under en längre tid, vilket tyder på att bakterien har en stor förmåga att överleva och spridas. Hästar kan bära bakterien i den nasala passagen och på huden utan att den orsakar infektioner, men långa sjukhusvistelser och nedsatt immunförsvar är några faktorer som ökar risken för att bärare av MRSA utvecklar infektioner.