Background: Hand hygiene is the simplest and most fundamental means to prevent care related infections. It is of great importance that the guideline of hand hygiene is followed for the patient?s sake. Unfortunately, healthcare workers perform hand hygiene too seldom. If the patient comes down with a care related infection, the suffering will increase.

Stress is common in today?s society, but the word stress has numerous connotations. The aim of this study was to investigate how dogs are effected by stress and what the veterinary nurse can do to help dogs to avoid or at least mitigate stress within the veterinary hospital. The goal was also to see how dogs perceive the environment in the veterinary hospital and what behaviours dogs demonstrate when they enter the hospital and during their stay. Studies have shown that dogs have a reluctant feeling on entering a veterinary hospital. They can feel stressed by coming to a new environment, as well as by being put in a cage with no control over what is going to happen to them.

Förekomst av mentala problem som depression, ångest och självmordsbenägenhet, det villsäga självmordstankar och självmordsförsök hos överskuldsatta individer, jämfördes med normalpopulationen i Sverige. Därutöver undersöktes vilka faktorer i de överskuldsattas sociala och ekonomiska bakgrund som kan samvariera med dessa former av mentala problem. Studien som byggde på självrapporterade uppgifter (HAD-skalan, Hopplöshetsskalan och Paykels suicidinstrument), samt ett antal bakgrundsfrågor av social och ekonomisk karaktär, var baserad på ett icke-randomiserat sampel (n=199). Resultatanalyserna visade på en hög förekomst av allvarlig depression/ångest och självmordsbenägenhet hos överskuldsatta i jämförelse med normalbefolkningen, dock var sambanden mellan mental hälsa och predicerande faktorer (som skuldprofil, ålder, kön, utbildning, sysselsättning och civilstånd) få och svaga. Det finns ett behov av fortsatta undersökningar av möjliga orsaker till mentala problem bland överskuldsatta individer..

The purpose with this paper is to get an idea about the interaction between persons sitting in a wheelchair and the society. We have carried through some literary studies to complement the methods we have chosen. We have interviewed a person who is sitting in a wheelchair to get that persons perspective. We have also carried through a participated observation with ourselves sitting in wheelchairs. Our purpose with these methods was to examine how a person sitting in a wheelchair interacts, verbally, non-verbally as well as how the physical environment is adapted.

   Officially, Sweden has a very low level of corruption and in 2008 topped Transparency International?s list in terms of the perception of a lack of corruption. However, on closer examination it would appear that the Swedish public sector is not as clean as the Transparency International list suggests. What appears to be relatively common and quite widely accepted in Sweden, especially in local government, are conflict of interest situations in which public officials use their position to obtain advantages for themselves, their friends and their colleagues, in particular with respect to public procurement. According to the Swedish constitution, the public administration shall be governed by the principles on legality and objectivity. Grave violations of these principles are deemed illegal and contrary to the penal code provisions relating to bribery, public misconduct and breach of confidentiality.

This report contains a programming improvement work in a LabVIEW? fire testing furnace control system for SP Fire Technology in Borås. Here materials and products behaviour are tested and evaluated, being exposed to fire. For this task, UGNET is being used for control and surveillance of the testing furnace system. System hardware has been updated gradually through the years, while the software has been neglected.

The relationship between the pet and it's owner is a very important and interesting issue. Unfortunately there is not so much research on this and in addition to that Swedish veterinarian education does not put much emphasis on pet's role in society or their pattern of behaviour nor treatment. This thesis is based on an opinion poll that 20 dog owners and 20 cat owners contributed. The main purpose of the thesis was to compare the relationships that the pet (dog or cat) and its owner can have. The issues such as the pet owner's attitude to his/her pet, how the pet owner percieves and interprets the signals from the animal, and what they think about the natural behaviours and needs that their pets (might) have. The results show that dog- and cat owners are people who generally love animals, that they used to have even other animal species in the past, but when it comes to choice between a new dog or a new cat they choose the one that they previously have had and that they are used to. Most of a dog owners choose the dog to be their pet because of the company while the majority of a cat owners choose cat because cats are independent and they are used to cats.

GIS är inte längre en ny teknologi utan har funnits i snart fem decennier. Trots det har GIS inte hittat sin plats i den svenska gymnasieskolan, jämfört med t.ex. webb-design och andra datorteknikkurser som har funnits under en kortare tid. På den tekniska gymnasieutbildningen på Polhemsskolan i Gävle har GIS-utbildning bedrivits sedan 1999.De slutsatser som framkommer i rapporten är att en teknisk GIS-utbildning inte enbart är för elever på tekniska gymnasieutbildningar utan även för elever på andra gymnasieprogram eftersom de har samma förutsättningar att lära sig verktyget. Det konstateras även att det genom åren har funnits både nationella och internationella problem med att införa GIS-undervisning i gymnasieskolan.

The aim of this Master?s thesis is to examine how Ranma ½, one of the most popular Japanese Manga series, reflects the gender system in society. We have chosen to make use of two different gender theorists to determine if Ranma ½ follows the gender norms of society or not. The theoretical framework is based primarily on Yvonne Hirdman's theory of the two basic principles: the principle of dichotomy and the principle of hierarchy. Judith Butler's theory of performative gender is used as a complement.

The main purpose of this thesis was to take part of girl?s descriptions and experiences of their treatment for deliberate self-harm and to investigate whether they still experience effects of the treatment today. Our main research questions where; how do the girls describe their experiences of the treatment method, do the girls describe that they still experience any effects of the treatment, and finally how do the girls look back on their treatment today? In order to answer these questions, we carried out eight qualitative telephone interviews with girls that had undergone treatment in a specific treatment centre. We chose to analyze the material from the salutogenic theory and the concepts of SOC (sense of coherence) and with a hermeneutic approach.

Vittnesbeviset är det vanligaste och viktigaste bevismedlet. Ofta kan vittnesuppgifter vara den enda bevisningen i ett mål och får därför en avgörande betydelse för målets utgång. Vittnesutsagor är dock ett relativt otillförlitligt bevismedel och vissa problem som är specifika för vittnesbeviset kan uppstå vid domstolens värdering av vittnets uppgifter. Har vittnet t.ex. varit alkohol- eller drogpåverkad när denne gjorde sina iakttagelser av en händelse, måste domstolen ta detta i beaktning vid värderingen.

Vittnesbeviset är det vanligaste och viktigaste bevismedlet. Ofta kan vittnesuppgifter vara den enda bevisningen i ett mål och får därför en avgörande betydelse för målets utgång. Vittnesutsagor är dock ett relativt otillförlitligt bevismedel och vissa problem som är specifika för vittnesbeviset kan uppstå vid domstolens värdering av vittnets uppgifter. Har vittnet t.ex. varit alkohol- eller drogpåverkad när denne gjorde sina iakttagelser av en händelse, måste domstolen ta detta i beaktning vid värderingen.

Pheromones are chemical substances representing very specific signal messages within a species. Although a lot remains unknown about their precise effects, it is known that pheromones influence the behaviour of the receiver. Since the mid 1990s, when it was first possible to synthesise analogues of two fractions of feline facial pheromone, F3 (Feliway®) and F4 (Felifriend®), these have been used in so called pheromonotherapy to treat behavioural problems in cats. The initial use of pheromones for specific behavioural problems has been extended to cover the wide field of stress related issues. This studycontains a questionnaire where veterinary nurses and surgeons at 50 Swedish veterinary hospitals and clinics were asked about their use of synthetic analogues to feline facial pheromones in the care and treatment of cats.

Bakgrund: På dagens marknader kan förändrade förhållanden i samhället påverka konsumtionsmönster. Globaliseringen och Internet har bidragit till förändrade kommunikationsmönster vilket i sin tur också har påverkat generationerna. Vilket även gör att företagen till viss del då måste anpassa sig efter det eventuellt förändrade konsumtionsbeteendet.Problemformulering: Vilka kommunikationsstrategier är viktiga för företagen att implementera för att de skall kunna tillgodose nya konsumtionsmönster och öka utsikterna för en långsiktig överlevnad?Syfte: Syftet är att genom en analys av Generation Y:s konsumtionsmönster utvärdera förutsättningar för företags kommunikationsstrategier.Metod: Undersökningen har både en kvantitativ och kvalitativ ansats. Metodtriangulering sker på generation Y.

The aim of this literature review was to suggest suitable index traits to use in the Swedish Sheep Recording Scheme for fertility and maternal traits. Since fertility and some of the maternal traits are not normally distributed advanced methodology is needed to calculate genetic parameters. Breeding is a tool to improve the economy of the farm and for the selection of breeders estimated breeding values (EBV) for important traits are of high value. In sheep breeding both lambs born and lambs weaned should be taken into consideration as well as the ewe?s maternal ability, which includes lambing ease, lamb survival, ewe behaviour as mother and the early growth of the lambs.