Much of the everyday work of teachers in pre-schools, schools and youth centers is based on experience. This study is a qualitative interview study intended to make visible the experiences of pre-school teachers in situations when children are considered to be in need of special support. I have looked at pre-school teachers? descriptions of the kinds of situations in which a child is estimated to be in need of special support, what teachers look for in a child to identify it as a child in need of special support in a specific situation, and how the teachers define special support. Both this study and previous research show that children?s estimated need of support depends on the situation and context the child is in. The pre-school teachers in this study identify common situations where children are estimated to be in need of special support, namely: in interaction with others, in structured situations, during changes of activities and during free play.

Temporary architecture is an alternative urban planning concept which has been adapted in many cities worldwide during the last decade. There is however no common definition for temporary architecture and it is diversely labelled and applied. In 2013 it also became publicly introduced in Stockholm via the approval of the city's first architectural guideline. Temporary architecture is presented in the guideline as a potential tool for exploring public spaces among other architecture related themes. The ideas for temporary architecture are ambitious and promising. The problem is that they are vague and leaves questions regarding performance unanswered.

To complete an overweight treatment program is associated with better weight loss. Previous studies have in principle focused on drop-out from the entire program, not individual parts of a program. Factors previously shown to influence the patients´ weight loss results are: frequency of individual meetings with a professional, the lack of social support from family or friends, the lack of motivation and in a few studies vacations. In several studies the drop-out patients have stated that their reasons for drop-out were dissatisfaction with the staff and the program design. Drop-out has also been shown to be connected with difficulties in adherence to the diet.

Då internrevision utförs finns det tre deltagande parter, beställaren, den som utför tjänsten och mottagaren. Syftet med den här uppsatsen är att kartlägga och analysera om intrycket av internrevision för de som är mottagare stämmer överens med den nya definitionen av internrevision. För att besvara syftet har fyra olika aktörer intervjuats. Personliga intervjuer har genomförts med bankcheferna på de fyra storbankerna i Luleå: Handelbanken, Nordea, Skandinaviska Enskilda Banken och Swedbank. Resultaten som framkom av studien visar att de aktörer som intervjuats upplever internrevision väl överrensstämma med den nya definition som Institute of Internal Auditors antog 1999.

Då internrevision utförs finns det tre deltagande parter, beställaren, den som utför tjänsten och mottagaren. Syftet med den här uppsatsen är att kartlägga och analysera om intrycket av internrevision för de som är mottagare stämmer överens med den nya definitionen av internrevision. För att besvara syftet har fyra olika aktörer intervjuats. Personliga intervjuer har genomförts med bankcheferna på de fyra storbankerna i Luleå: Handelbanken, Nordea, Skandinaviska Enskilda Banken och Swedbank. Resultaten som framkom av studien visar att de aktörer som intervjuats upplever internrevision väl överrensstämma med den nya definition som Institute of Internal Auditors antog 1999.

Denna studie hade som syfte att undersöka och analysera hur pedagoger arbetar med inlärningsstilar utifrån Dunn & Dunns modell. Data samlades in genom en kvalitativ undersökning i form av intervjuer med tre pedagoger, samt observationer i klassrumssituationer för att få kunskap om hur olika lärstilar fungerar i praktiken. Undersökningen visade att de observerade eleverna jobbade med alla sina sinnen i större eller mindre omfattning. Informanternas definition av inlärningsstilen var att individanpassa undervisningen, att ge eleverna möjlighet att testa sina multisensoriska sinnen, att undervisa från helheten till detaljerna, samt att skapa stimulans genom informell möblering. Informanterna jobbade i enlighet med sin egen definition av modellen, som däremot skiljde sig i förhållande till Dunn & Dunns teorier, genom att inte diagnostisera eleverna och att använda mindre andel av studiematerial.

Denna studie handlar om att skapa en fördjupad förståelse för hur lärarna i idrott och hälsa undervisar, bedömer och betygsätter elever i gymnasieskolans idrott och hälsas friluftsliv. Den enskilda lärarens definition av begreppet friluftsliv och hur lärare i dagens skolor definierar idrott och hälsas friluftsliv utifrån styrdokumenten redovisas även. Metoden som ligger till grund för studien är en kvalitativ undersökning. Undersökningen har gjorts med hjälp av intervjuer med lärare i idrott och hälsa på sex olika skolor i närliggande län. Vad som framkommer är att det finns otydligheter i styrdokumenten och att detta skapar stora tolkningsmöjligheter för den enskilda läraren.

This essay is about power in the classroom. It is about the power dimension of the student-teacher relationships that arise in that space. The overall aim has been to investigate which categories are fruitful in a power analysis of these relationships. My aim has therefore been to develop power categories and to use them to identify and to categorise cases of power interaction that take place between those particular actors in that particular setting.In order to gather material for my study I have both read literature that approaches the study of the student-teacher relationships from a power perspective and done a series of observations in a high school.My theoretical frame comprises a concept of power and a series of power categories. These categories include strength, authority, inducement, coercion, violence, resistance as well as to possess power, to have power, to exert power, the scope of power and the base of power.

Boulognerskogen is a park in the central of Skövde that have had a health resort, paths for strolling, outdoor-bath, outdoor-sport areas and events. During the 1970:th there was a lack of interest for the park and very few visited it. By a motion from a resident in Skövde wich proposes that a city playground will be build in Boulognerskogen gave me an opportunity to investigate how the potential of the park can be used to create a funny and nice place to visit for children in company with adults. By a program that contains the main goals and design program for a city playground in Boulognerskogen, I wanted to present a proposal that could meet childrens needs to play and to use the conditions of the place to create places to play in, and where children in company with adults could be together. To reach this, I wanted to try different methods that could lead to a proposal that was well supported by children and adults, and wich was possible to use by the local authority in their further actions. The methods that I used was therefor an important part of the work. I have choosen to define the concept "city playground" as a greater playground situated in the center of the town that are suitable for outings and as a meetingplace, with a varation in playground attractions and promote children and adults to be together, aiming at younger children in the ages of 1-10 years in company with adults, but should also give space to activities of other groups.

In a multicultural society such as Sweden opposition between different ethnical groups can be hard to avoid. In the educational arena there is legislation and there are guidelines that aim to avert any kind of xenophobia directed at individuals or groups. As teachers occupy the end point of the educational chain the execution of these guidelines is for the most part left up to them.This paper aims to study how teachers handle situations where xenophobia is present and if so how they work preemptively against it. It also takes a closer look into the notion of professionalism within the teacher force with the aim of trying to answer whether teachers reach the requirements of professionalism. To do so we apply Gunnar Berg?s definition of the term 'professionalism' together with other scholars' thoughts on the subject.

The purpose of this thesis is to clarify the grounds upon which an arbitration clause may be binding in the new relationship between the parties after a transfer of rights and/or obligations. The issue is not regulated by law but instead it has been left to the Supreme Court to regulate. In the Emja-case the Swedish Supreme Court left guidance on the issue. The Supreme Court stated that a third party purchaser of a right where the contract includes an arbitration clause shall be bound by the clause. The arbitration clause is only binding to the remaining part of the initial agreement if no special circumstances exist. The binding effect was justified by the reason that a situation where the purchaser but not the remaining part should be bound to the clause was not sought after and the principle through the 27 § of the Swedish debt instruments act..

Bakgrund: Att drabbas av en hjärtinfarkt är en hotfull och skrämmande upplevelse som kan påverka upplevelsen av livskvalitet för många kvinnor. Enligt Siri Naess definition av livskvalitet ska personen ha en grundstämning av gjädje, självkänsla, samhörighet och vara aktiv för att uppleva en god livskvalitet. Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva kvinnors upplevelser efter en hjärtinfarkt med fokus på livskvalitet. Metod: En allmän litteraturstudie genomfördes, vilken bygger på vetenskapliga artiklar framtagna genom databaserad litteratursökning. Dessa kvalitetsgranskades och en artikelöversikt sammanställdes.

In the thesis we discuss South African teachers? conceptions of democracy in general and school democracy in particular. The essay is based on interviews with twelve teachers, working in South African high schools. We have asked questions concerning different views of democracy, such as what the term means to the teachers and how they define a democratic school. We take our stand in different theoretical approaches such as school being the ultimate link between a state and its people to make the citizens think and act democratically.

A system for sampling of alcohol and aldehyde from diluted exhaust gases from vehicles powered by ethanol has been developed and tested. The major part of the work has been research of earlier work in the field and the construction of the sampling system.The part of the system constructed for the measurement of alcohol has been shown to work, however, more test should be performed. The part of the system constructed for the measurement of aldehyde was tested parallel to a commercially available system, based on the same principle of measurement, and has been shown to work well.Determination of the concentration of gaseous ethanol using a FID has shown the since earlier known fact that a FID is not able to measure a correct concentration of ethanol. Furthermore it has been shown that high concentrations of gaseous ethanol can not be kept in a bag more than a few minutes without a substantial decrease of the measured concentration..

This degree project has been carried out in cooperation with Enertech AB in Ljungby and is pilot study to automating all current manual soldering. The soldering process accounts for a large part of the processing cost in the production of a heat pump. The process is also a quality risk and has a major impact on the lifetime of the final product.The Main task of this project has been to evaluate automation of the soldering process, to develop automation solutions and a principle layout, to draw the design changes required for the automation and to calculate the supposed solution.This pilot study has resulted in a suggested automation solution using laser as a heat source for soldering. Calculations of the solution show that a automating a laser soldering cell is very profitable..