Bakgrund: Aids uppmärksammades 1981 när en ny sjukdom upptäcktes i Kalifornien då fem homosexuella män blev smittade av ett okänt virus. Viruset angrep immunförsvaret vilket ledde till att parasiter, svampar och virus som annars var ofarliga för människan nu orsakade livshotande infektioner. Först 1996 kom bromsmediciner som drastiskt minskade antalet som drabbades eller dog av aids. Idag lever mellan 30-35 miljoner människor i världen med hiv. Sedan sjukdomen bröt ut har ca 30 miljoner människor dött i aids.

HIV/aids är en humanitär katastrof där Botswana är det land med störst andel smittade i befolkningen. Sjukdomen har gjort avtryck på hela samhället i Botswana och diskuteras oftast utifrån hälso- eller ekonomiska termer. Men vilka avtryck har epidemin gjort på det demokratiska samhället, och på en av demokratins viktigaste byggstenar, det civila samhället?Då över 30% av den vuxna befolkningen i Botswana bär på viruset borde den tid som tidigare lagts på det civila samhället numera läggas på att leva med och överleva sjukdomen, varför det civila samhället i Botswana bör ha försvagats i takt med att HIV/aids spridit sig. Uppsatsen jämför beskrivningar av Botswanas civila samhälle från två olika tidpunkter, före och under HIV/aids var en nationell epidemi.

This report is on concrete work during the winter and is implemented on Peab?s behalf. The assignment was to describe the differences between a summer- and a winter casting. While it shows the complications that exists, it also show what aids are available, both electronic via computer and physical aids.The information that I have developed is originally from theory in books, information on the internet as well as practical experience from knowledgeable people that works in construction output. Other theories are those I have learned throughout the education to become a construction engineer, including all oral sources over the years.The results I have come up with, I hope will be able to help future construction projects in the planning phase of a winter casting.

Syftet med den här uppsatsen är att undersöka hur allmänheten fick sin första bild avHIV/AIDS från massmedia. Jag valde därför att undersöka hur Dagens Nyheter ochAftonbladet rapporterade om HIV/AIDS under senare delen av 1980 ? talet. I minundersökning sker en analys av hur tidningarna granskade makthavarna i sin rapportering avHIV/AIDS, hur tidningarna gav de mindre grupperna i samhället en röst i sin rapportering avHIV/AIDS och hur tidningarna lugnande men samtidigt varnande sina läsare i sittrapporterande om HIV/AIDS för att sedan jämföra resultatet mellan de två tidningarna. Jagvalde även att undersöka hur rapporteringen i de tidigare nämnda områdena skiljde sig mellanåren 1986 och 1988.

-------------------------- 4AbstractThis study is a qualitative case study in order to delineate how visible learning processes in the classroom. The study draws its theory from researcher John Hattie's findings about effective teaching. Data collection is taken from a class in grade 2 in a medium-sized Swedish municipality. The result demonstrates how the communication takes place in the classroom based on the teacher's strategies and planning in relation to pupils' interests and their own initiative. Is there a mutual feedback between teachers and students while teaching? From five perspectives, and the definition of what visible learning is all about, the results shows many good examples of excellent teaching.

A number of studies have been made to examine several aspects of voice production in individuals with different types of hearing impairments. Most of the studies were made to explore the impact that hearing aids have for people with severe or congenital hearing impairment. So far it has been confirmed that there are changes regarding voice production in these individuals. A group that has not been investigated regarding voice production to a larger extent are hearing aid users with an acquired hearing impairment. In the present study the voice production of seven individuals, four men and three women, with a moderate acquired hearing impairment is examined.

År 2006 levde 17,7 miljoner kvinnor, globalt, med HIV: ett virus som ännu inte har eliminerats, med behandlingar som resulterar i biverkningar och ofta ger resistensutveckling. Syftet för denna uppsats var att studera kvinnornas upp-levelser och erfarenheter av stigma som ett resultat av deras HIV/AIDS diagnos och att analysera och kommunicera ett perspektiv på omsorg. En litteraturstudie baserad på kvalitativa artiklar genomfördes. Resultaten visade att kvinnorna konfronterades med en varierande uppsättning negativa, förutfattade attityder från partners, familjemedlemmar, vänner och arbetskamrater när de avslöjade sin HIV/AIDS status vilket påverkade deras självbild. Om de valde att hemlighålla HIV/AIDS fick kvinnorna kontrollera information rörande sina symtom, gömma mediciner eller omklassificera sina tillstånd till andra sjukdomar.

The purpose of this study was to examine effects of hearing aid use and to do a judgment of the provement. The investigation was a pilot study and may be used in the clinic.The international form ?International Outcome Inventory for Hearing Aids? (IOI-HA) was used for data collection. Four questions were chosen from the form. These questions were answered by hearing aid users and their significant others.

Our governing documents give teachers guidelines as to how to carry out their task in the classroom. To guide a learner requires knowledge, not only about the policy of our governing documents but also skills to see the connection between the teacher's task and its practical implementation. By studying learners' experiences of teaching contexts, I have been able to evaluate how the teaching methods live up to the intentions of the national governing documents in Sweden.My study is based partly on a survey that I completed and partly on the theory of Dialogicity. Here I saw clear connections between my informants' experiences of verbal exercises in the teaching and the theoretical background I have chosen for my study, Dialogicity. I have presented and analyzed the verbal exercises in four differentiated contexts.

The purpose of this thesis is to evaluate the present importance of liberal education in the Swedish "folkhögskola" by studying its expressions in the teaching of literature and fiction. I have interviewed teachers at four different schools about their opinions of liberal education, literature and cultural heritage, means of instruction, and influence of their students. Liberal education in this thesis is considered as a process. Starting from our own experiences we meet something strange to us and while absorbing this in our experiences we change. But its purpose also is to convey the canon of Western literature.

Attityder kan vara ett stort problem när sjuksköterskan eller sjuksköterskestudenter ska vårda patienter med HIV och AIDS. Bakgrunden delas upp i en medicinsk del och en del som handlar om vårdandet. Den medicinska delen handlar om hur smittan uppkommer, hur den sprider sig samt hur de första symtomen visar sig. I den del som handlar om att vårda tas det upp hur sjuksköterskan kan påverka vårdrelationen. Det tas upp vad en vårdrelation innebär.

We wanted to know how the subject HIV/AIDS was handled in the Indian newspaper The Hindu, which is written in English, during a period of 16 days (30 October-14 November) in 2005 compared to the corresponding period during 2007. Because we liked to study what kind of differences there were in the reporting between these two years. In addition we also wanted to learn how people living with HIV and AIDS are represented in pictures and text. To find out this was the purpose with this investigation.The study is made from the theory of stigma, semiotics and from a professional model of the normative theory. The articles about HIV/AIDS were quantitatively analyzed with help of a schedule of codes and we performed a qualitative analysis on several articles, four from 2005 and four from 2007.

The aim of this study is to examine how the way of teaching in technical subjects are in Uganda and to link those results to Swedish circumstances. A comparison is being done both of the teaching and what methods are used. Since I was living with my family in Uganda I could easily examine the system of school here. During four days I was at a school named Aga Khan School here in Kampala. I could there participate in teaching, talk to teachers, observe and participate during lessons.

Introduktion: Idag lever nästan 7650 människor med HIV/AIDS i Sverige. Att leva med HIV/AIDS kan innebära fysiskt och psykiskt lidande. Sjuksköterskans bemötandeutgör en viktig del för att god vård skall upplevas.Syfte: Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att belysa hur patienter med HIV/AIDS upplever sjuksköterskans bemötande samt vilka konsekvenser detta kan ha för patienterna.Metod: Litteraturstudien utgick ifrån Polit och Becks modell i nio steg.  Litteratursökningen genomfördes i databaserna CINAHL och PubMed. Artiklarna genomgick flera urval och kvalitetsgranskningar vilket resulterade i åtta kvalitativa och två kvantitativ artikel. Artiklarnas innehåll analyserades och samband hittades och bildade underkategorier.Resultat: Litteraturstudiens resultat redovisas i följande kategorier: Att känna medmänsklighet och Kränkande särbehandling.

The study is ethnographic and the collected material consists of questionnaires, interviews andconducted practical exercises. The purpose of this study is to examine whether it is possible tochange boys attitude to poetry and poetry teaching through practical exercises. The questionswhich the study is based on concerns how frameworks for tasks can enhance the creativity ofthe students, the standards students have as a reference point and what attitudes boys have topoetry. The study shows that students feel that they are more creative if there is a frameworkfor the task, it has also been shown that boys do not have any special attitude to poetry,because they do not know what the word means. One of the most important results in theresults section is that boys have a positive attitude to poetry as long as the teacher gives themthe right tools to work with..