Denna studie redovisar ett antal åsikter angående vägledning via e-post. Vi har använt oss av intervjuer med ett fåtal vägledare för att närmare granska vad vägledare anser om vägledning via e-post. Teoridelen behandlar både vägledning generellt, samtalsfärdigheter, informationsbaserad vägledning, etik samt vägledning via e-post. Vi vill med detta belysa olika aspekter av ordet vägledning och klargöra vad begreppet vägledning kan innefatta. Genom det material vi har bearbetat och tagit del av kan vi se att vägledning via e-post är något som är på frammarsch, och som ökar avsevärt hela tiden. Det måste dock fortfarande utvecklas till att bli bättre och tydligare, likväl som att de som arbetar på detta sätt måste fortsätta att utveckla sig. Än kvarstår rädsla för det nya och okända för många vägledare, som gärna blir kvar i det gamla och invanda. Flera vägledare ser denna metod som ett bra komplement till vanlig traditionell vägledning, men anser att det fortfarande är något som är mer informationsbaserat än vägledningsbaserat. Men måste det ena utesluta det andra? Ett uttalande som vi fastnade för under en av våra intervjuer, och som vi anser att alla borde ha i bakhuvudet när det gäller vägledning via e-post, vill vi gärna återge här: ?Om folk själva väljer den här formen att rikta sig till mig genom e-post med funderingar?då skall jag kunna hantera det på ett bra sätt, därför att det är individens val??.

Trough a literature study based on both philosophic and objective fact this essay is taking off in the meaning of public space. It investigates how the information society and its virtual world are affecting the idea and use of public space in the city. The city and the actual world have developed from the traditional meeting between people while the virtual world is based on flows of information. The information flow has expanded through the Information and Communication Technique (ICT). ICT covers among others Internet, mobile phones and computers.

Since the beginning of the 1990s, Swedish society has gone through a great change. Firstly with the personal computer and then with the internet moving in to everyday life, a new arena for interaction with society evolved. Work, education, doing bank errands and reading or discussing the news, just to name a few, now all take place in the virtual world online. Not to mention social media sites such as twitter, instagram or facebook, the last of which has over half of the Swedish population represented as members.   Companies, corporations, interest groups, political parties and politicians must be aware of the massive impact that a post spread through social media can have.    This thesis will, with the text analyzing tool, argumentation analysis, and on the theoretical platform of political communications theory, analyze three of the most viral Swedish political posts spread over 120 000 times each, to see if there are any combined qualities that point to the fact that there is a formula for getting a post to become a viral success on social media.    The main result showed that of the three posts analyzed, all were built up around a factual thesis, argued for with foremost example arguments, not only appealing to the logical branch of argumentation but also to the ethical, and that they tended to be of high relevance and sustainability. The conclusion must therefore be that these are all qualities that tend to be of relevance for making a political post on social media into a viral success..

Valdeltagandet bland förstagångsväljare har i Sverige och många andra västeuropeiskaländer sedan 70-talet och framåt stagnerat. Samtidigt har det post-industriella samhälletoch dess värden fått en allt viktigare plats jämfört med mer traditionella värderingar. Jagvill undersöka huruvida det ökande gapet i valdeltagandegrad från valet 1973 och framåtmellan förstagångsväljare och resten av valmannakåren beror på en ökad grad av postindustriellavärden bland förstagångsväljarna. Detta görs genom statistisk analys avmaterialet Svensk valundersökning under åren 1973 och 2006 distribuerade av Svensknationell datatjänst (SND). Det finns en tydlig tendens att post-industriella värden i högreutsträckning har internaliserats bland förstagångsväljarna över tid.

In classic academic social studies of East Europe, terms as Communism and Post-Communism are commonly used to describe the main characteristics of this geographically imagined area. This paper makes a not so frequently seen attempt to apply Post Colonial Theory for the same field. With start point in Post Colonial theoretical writers, the author wants to find a East European Post Colonial version for the internal Europe which will supply tools for a discourse analysis of the European mind map divided into West and East. The material consists of interviews with three Swedish and three Czech officials, all working with European politics in their country's Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The analysis is carried out with inspiration of Ernesto Laclaus and Chantal Mouffes Discourse theory.

In today?s modern society with high-speed connections covering the globe people are more than ever finding themselves gazing into the cold lights of the computer screen. On the other side a strange and exciting world yet to be explored awaits. Many are those who spend hour after hour running over green hills swimming in vast blue oceans in the lands of Azeroth, the playfield in the MMORPG game World of Warcraft. In media we often read and hear alarming reports on players stuck in this virtual world, ceasing to play a part in the real world.

Within the fields of business as well as the academic, there is a growing interest for the role images play in an organized conception of the world. This paper acknowledges the relevance of such images and ideas, and its purpose is to examine the fixed ideas and conceptions of the world as they appear in a Swedish organizational context. The Swedish Trade Council is a hybrid organization between the state and private sector with an outspoken purpose of defining an image of the outside world for small and medium size enterprises in Sweden. The underlying question in focus for this study is: What central conceptions of the world appear in the Swedish Trade Council?s information films ?Världens möjligheter?? Within organizational studies, a postcolonial theory has to a large extent been overlooked.

The purpose of this thesis is to historically describe how Fédération Internationale deFootball Association (FIFA) interprets how the discourse of anti-racism has developed withintheir own organization throughout the years. In doing so, the thesis lands in a present timeperspective and then aims to identify the norms which FIFA, according to the organizationitself, stands for in regard to anti-racism within world football. That standard of behavior isthen put in contrast with the hidden ideological conceptions which, with the applying of apost-colonial perspective, can be found in the rhetoric used by FIFA in expressing themselvesabout their anti-racism stand.The methodology used in this thesis builds upon a qualitative text analysis approach inwhich solely primary sources available through the official website fifa.com are considered.The study finds that anti-racism is a relatively young concept within FIFA and that the communicatedideal standard of behavior circles around terms such as unity, diversity, solidarityand equality. Further on, FIFA clearly articulates how the universal power of football as suchcan unite people and that FIFA, as the administrator of this the world?s greatest sport, can setan example for the rest of the world to follow when it comes to notions of tolerance and solidarityin preventing racism in the future.In following the terminology provided by the post-colonial theorists Homi Bhabha andGyatri Spivak, and applying the concepts of fixity and essentialism on the rhetoric aroundanti-racism, the study discovers that FIFA, in sharp contrast to the articulated norms, in factexpress ideological conceptions of skin as a barrier of difference between people, and thatFIFA on good grounds can be accused of reproducing racist stereotypes rather than bridgingthem.The study concludes that its findings clearly demonstrates the increased need of consideringsports, and more specifically international sport organizations, as a basis for researchwithin the academic field of International Relations, and that a postcolonial perspective verymuch can provide alternative understandings of how these actors operate and what influencethey might have in the international system..

The thesis aims to examine the occurrence of Earnings Management (EM) preceding Seasoned Equity Offerings (SEOs) on the Swedish capital market. EM refers to activities and adjustments carried out by managers. The underlying purpose of these actions is to adjust net income. The procedure is typically done by borrowing income from future periods. Evidence of EM around SEOs has been documented on capital markets around the world, and the effects on firms' post-offering performance are severe.

Den tekniska utvecklingen har lett till ett ökat informationsflöde. Telia är ett företag som de flesta associerar med just kommunikation och flöden av information. Telia kanal Partner är den del av Teliakoncernen som är ansvarig för företagskunder. Volymen post som kommer till kanal Partner och därefter delas ut till medarbetarna har minskat de senaste åren eftersom allt mer av den post som tidigare kom via Posten nu kommer via e-post och andra digitala överföringsverktyg. Kostnaden för att sortera och dela ut posten är densamma vilket har lett till att kostnaden per försändelse ökat.

The aim with this paper is to study Karl Popper?s view on realism and relativism. Further aim is to see whether those ideas have been consistent over the years. The paper argues that Popper since his first interest in philosophy has taken a realistic and antirelativistic attitude. Only his arguments for this position have been developed to meet his critics.Common sense speaks for realism but can neither be proven nor refuted.

Detta arbete undersöker frågan om hur man kan gå tillväga för att skapa en känsla av liv i en postapokalyptisk spelvärld med hjälp av färger, former och animationer i en egen spelproduktion. Arbetet tar upp flera teorier kring spelutveckling, post-apokalyptisk fiktion och färglära. Arbetet tar också upp verktyg som användes i produktionen av det spel som skapades och hur arbetet fortskred. Diskussionen som följer tar upp hur metoderna som användes påverkade resultatet och vad resultatet blev, samt hur man gick tillväga för att tolka det. Slutsatsen som dras i diskussionen visar att det är möjligt att skapa en känsla av liv i en postapokalyptisk spelvärld i en egen produktion och hur man kan förbättra de metoder som använts i en eventuell uppföljning av detta arbete.

To publish research articles by the means of open access is to provide them for free to the reader. An increasing number of universities around the world have begun to institute open access policies regarding their researchers academic output, requiring them to primarily publish in open access journals and / or archive their pre- or post- prints in institutional archives.The aim of this this thesis is to explore how the adoption of the open access policy at the Swedish Universi- ty of Agricultural Sciences in 2008 has affected how their researchers publish and if this has had any effect on how their academic output are cited and distributed online. To reach this goal a combination of bibliometric and altmetric methods were used as well as cross-referencing between Scopus, Altmetric.com, Google Scholar and the SHERPA/RoMEO database.The results points towards a mostly open access positive trend with an increase in articles published in jour- nals that allow archiving of both pre- and post-prints. There also seems to be a correlation between these journals and which kind of articles gets the most mentions in social media..

This essay looks to examine the view on religious and non-religious people thoughts on the possible relationship between feminism and religion. The essay in itself relies on semi structured interviews conducted with five informants where focus has been centered on the informants main thoughts on the subject. The theoretic basis of the study is found in post-structuralistic feminism and intersectionalism. The result will show that while all the informants believe there is a kind of relationship between feminism and religion, this relationship greatly varies depending on the informants? preconception of religion and feminism..

Den svenska marinen har av professor Geoffrey Till använts som ett utmärkande exempel på en s.k. post-modern marin i hans kategorisering av världens sjömakter. Främst är det den expeditionära förmåga som Sverige profilerat alltsedan det kalla krigets slut som ligger till grund för denna exemplifiering.Frågan uppstår då huruvida den svenska marinen fortfarande kan ses vara det utmärkande exemplet efter det att fokus nu skiftat tillbaka till en mer nationellt präglad försvarsinriktning. Därutöver ställs frågan om vilka styrkor och svagheter en dylik kategorisering av världens sjömakter kan ha.Utifrån en analys av Tills kategoriseringar som idealtyper, så har dessa i allt väsentligt visat sig vara de förenklande och täckande rubriceringar som idealtypsmodellen syftar till. Därför har det även gått att identifiera tre indikatorer som medger en jämförelse mot den svenska marinen av idag för att utröna dess nuvarande status som post-modern sjömakt.Undersökningen har på så sätt lett till slutsatsen att den svenska marinen alltjämt kan kategoriseras som en post-modern marin, men av andra anledningar än den expeditionära förmågan.