Introduction/Background: Economic evaluations help decision-makers to make informed decisions regarding resource allocation. Information generated from CEA can support evaluations of a new intervention with current praxis. The evaluations also provide information as to whether an intervention is cost-effective, both in economic terms and in health gains. Objective: The aim of this thesis is to investigate the use of economic evaluations in public health, with a focus on CEA. Use of economic evaluations is regarded as both a method for evaluation and as support for informed decisions.

The globalization that has occurred during the last few years has made it more important for companies to have a well-functioning logistics system. Customers demand more options, which lead to an increased flow that creates greater demand regarding packaging and transports. Diverse logistics costs are nowadays a substantial cost for many companies. Therefore, more effort is aimed at optimizing transportation to lower these costs.The purpose of this project is to create a user-friendly calculation of logistics costs that illustrates how the costs vary, depending on how the flow is structured. This is done by examining which aspects that affect the total logistics costs and by mapping which aspects that should be included in a calculation of the logistics costs.Literature studies have been carried out parallel with empirical studies at Scania's production unit, MC, in Oskarshamn.

Uppsatsen handlar om användningen av pedagogisk dokumentation i förskolan. Vi har problematiserat dess betydelse för relationen mellan förskollärare och föräldrar. Syftet med uppsatsen är därför att undersöka pedagogisk dokumentation i förskolan och dess betydelse för föräldrasamarbete. Vi vill genom vår undersökning studera hur förskollärare använder pedagogisk dokumentation i relation till föräldrar samt hur föräldrar upplever den dokumentation de tar del av.Dagens förståelse av pedagogisk dokumentation i förskolan placerar vi i ett sammanhang genom att beskriva dokumentationens rötter i utvecklingspsykologiska observationer. Vi presenterar Reggio Emilia som en inspirationskälla till dagens dokumentationsarbete samt presenterar portfolio som ett arbetssätt.

Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to clarify and evaluate the concept of scenario planning.Methodology: Our research methodology has a qualitative approach and uses deductive reasoning. The theoretical field of strategy formulation has been reviewed and in specific the concept scenario planning was unravelled and mapped. Thereafter, our model was tested in a case study where the empirical data was collected through personal interviews. Theoretical field: Literature and articles from the strategic management field have been reviewed with a focus on strategy formulation, scenario planning and Williamson?s theory for the creation of a portfolio for strategic options.Empirical base: Personal interviews and secondary sources such as financial reports, articles mainly from industry media and articles found in the databases ELIN and Affärsdata.Analysis: The analysis work constitutes the testing of our model for scenario planning, integrated into Williamson?s portfolio of strategic options for the future.Result: The work has resulted in a clarified model of scenario planning with links to strategic management schools.

An important task for project managers in multi-project environments is to effectively choose the right people to the project team. For organizations, it means being able to prioritize and plan human resources among the various projects running in parallel. The purpose of this paper is to describe how a project manager in multi-project environments looks at the allocation of people in their projects. We did our research through literature reviews and interviews with seven project managers.The research shows that the studied organizations highlight both the expertise and the personal factors in an election. They do not use any specific personality test to identify their staff.

Introduction/Background: Economic evaluations help decision-makers to make informed decisions regarding resource allocation. Information generated from CEA can support evaluations of a new intervention with current praxis. The evaluations also provide information as to whether an intervention is cost-effective, both in economic terms and in health gains. Objective: The aim of this thesis is to investigate the use of economic evaluations in public health, with a focus on CEA. Use of economic evaluations is regarded as both a method for evaluation and as support for informed decisions.

An important task for project managers in multi-project environments is to effectively choose the right people to the project team. For organizations, it means being able to prioritize and plan human resources among the various projects running in parallel. The purpose of this paper is to describe how a project manager in multi-project environments looks at the allocation of people in their projects. We did our research through literature reviews and interviews with seven project managers.The research shows that the studied organizations highlight both the expertise and the personal factors in an election. They do not use any specific personality test to identify their staff.

Introduction/Background: Economic evaluations help decision-makers to make informed decisions regarding resource allocation. Information generated from CEA can support evaluations of a new intervention with current praxis. The evaluations also provide information as to whether an intervention is cost-effective, both in economic terms and in health gains. Objective: The aim of this thesis is to investigate the use of economic evaluations in public health, with a focus on CEA. Use of economic evaluations is regarded as both a method for evaluation and as support for informed decisions.

Bakgrund: Det finns ma?nga aktier att va?lja mellan pa? aktiemarknaden. Fo?r en person som aldrig tidigare har handlat med aktier kan det vara sva?rt att veta vilken investering som efter en tid kan generera ett ho?gre va?rde a?n det satsade kapitalet. Relativva?rdering a?r en investeringsstrategi som kan tilla?mpas fo?r att identifiera dessa aktier.Syfte: Syftet med studien a?r att underso?ka om va?rdemultiplarna P/E-talet, P/BV-talet och direktavkastning kan generera o?veravkastning genom investeringar i underva?rderade aktier i finansbranschen.

Syftet med detta arbete var att undersöka hur elevdokumentation så som portfolio, individuella utvecklingsplaner samt loggböcker fungerar i praktiken och dess värde vid överlämnande samt övertagande av elever från år 6 till 7. Undersökningen är grundad på kvalitativa intervjuer genomförda i två olika kommuner med lärare i år 6 och 7 samt rektorer på två F-9 skolor. Enligt skolans styrdokument ska lärarna följa upp eleverna och möta dem där de är genom att anpassa undervisningen efter varje individuellt behov. Olika faktorer som försvårar detta kan vara för få lärare i för stora klasser. Ute på skolorna finns olika verktyg för att hjälpa lärare att uppnå detta mål, men problemet som uppstått är att olika skolor/lärare arbetar på väldigt olika sätt och att innehållet i elevdokumentationen då blir väldigt varierande och därför inte tas tillvara vid övertagandet av elever i år 7.

Examensarbetet ställer frågan i vilken mån den individuella utvecklingsplanen integreras i den dagliga undervisningen och elevernas lärande. Utgångspunkten har varit två frågeställningar: vilka arbetsmetoder använder lärare i arbetet med den individuella utvecklingsplanen och vilka för- och nackdelar ser de med dokumentet? Problemområdet introduceras med en förklaring av den individuella utvecklingsplanen för att senare ge en inblick i den tidigare forskningen. De teoretiska utgångspunkterna har varit det sociokulturella, kognitiva samt det behavioristiska perspektivet på inlärning och lärande. Empirin bestod av sex klasslärare i de lägre årskurserna från tre skolor.

Background: The design industry is relatively immature in Sweden but large on the international market, where companies have used services from industrial design firms for a long time. Companies incresignly realise that design is an efficient mean to gain competitive advantages on the market. Several design companies fancy growth and to receive a wider market share to expand on the international market. One of them is Design Communicaton who has made a couple of acquisitions, to receive wider comptences and to cover different segments. That has lead to an increased brand portfolio with different subbrands, which can be complicated to handle efficiently in the internal and external communication.

Speaking of budget and budgeting is almost as adding fuel to the fire. The subject evokes a lot of emotions, both positive and negative. Some might consider budgets as a bureaucratic process that won?t lead to any good. Others might find budgets as extremely helpful and necessary in a company?s planning process.

Background - Swedish trade and industry primarily involves small corporations, including small manufacturing corporations. Currently, most costing models that are used are based on studies accomplished at large corporations. This conveys to the fact that product costing that occurs at small manufacturing corporations is based on all complexities that large corporations bring, which rarely match with small corporations. It occurs that small manufacturing corporations unconsciously rely on incorrect information that has been calculated based on great corporations? product costing.

Aim: Preferential treatment and allocation of quotes according to sex are two current concepts due to the increasing demand for equality. One organization that may use preferential treatment is the fire department. This is why we chose it as a starting point for our study. The aim with this essay is to investigate how Gästrike Räddningstjänst can create a more equal organization.Method: We have interviewed eight employees and prepared questions for each one. This represents a qualitative method.