This thesis aims to study brand change, which can be of interest since a brand during its lifetime can be expected to meet a lifecycle consisting of five phases; innovation, introduction, growth, maturity and recession. In order to avoid the recession phase and the sales decline that follows there is a need for a change of the brand.In order to study brand change, theoretical framework is compared to two real world cases that have gone through an active change.The conceptions of positioning, repositioning and revitalization are clarified. Positioning deals with how brands are located in customer?s minds as well as on the real market. Repositioning implies a change of the current position and is also often a move towards a new market segment.

What amount of knowledge of guitar playing can be expected after completing upper compulsory school? A qualitative research involving three different music teachers provides their view of knowledge. Their expectations have been compared to a quantitative research involving 58 upper secondary students from the social sciences programme. The idea is to compare their pedagogic intentions to the pedagogic realities of music teachings.The study shows a clear advantage for students who has attended some form of external music tuition as well as for those students who have someone in their families who play an instrumentIf the knowledge primarily is due to extracurricular activities perhaps there is time for a reformation of the music subject so that all may enjoy the education, not merely those who already possesses a curtain amount of knowledge...The experience must not be allowed to submit to the vast forests of chords, by doing so one misses the purpose entirely.

Lyhördhet och dialog är något som eleverna upplever är viktigt för att ett inflytande ska fungera mellan dem och läraren. Trots att de är unga är viljan stor att bli behandlad som en medmänniska och skapa ett trivsamt klimat. De äldre eleverna känner ett förtroende för sin lärare, de anser att de kan diskutera direkt med denne. Medan de yngre eleverna tar hjälp via sina föräldrar, där de får föra barnets talan. Inflytandet sker mestadels under formella former och då gällande detaljfrågor.

This study is mostly based on previous research, which includes Sub-national actor?s attitudes and regional action towards the European Union. The purpose of the study is to investigate if four Swedish municipalities in Värmland operate internationally towards the European Union and deepen an understanding of their actions. The main research question is: - How can we increase our understanding of municipal action against the European Union? The research questions of this study are answered through qualitative method and semi-structured interviews were conducted.

Aim and research questionsThe over-all aim of this study was to gain insight info how two male coaches of a specific soccer team behave in a practice environment with regards to educating the players.More specifically, the study sought to map the extent to which said behaviour matched two specific methods of learning; these being Teaching Games for Understanding (TgfU) and Enhanced Guided Discovery (EGD). Research questions: (1) Do the coaches employ the methods and guidelines, which are outlined in the educational plan provided by the soccer association? If so, what form does this application take in practice? (2) To what extent and in what ways do the coaches utilize feedback and questioning techniques in the education of players? (3) What similarities and differences in behaviour can be identified between the chosen soccer team?s two coaches?Method: The data for the study was collected through field observation. The subjects were two youth elite soccer coaches and observation of these coaches took place during five regular practice sessions on the soccer field. All data gathering and analysis were carried out using a modified version of the Coach Analysis and Intervention System (CAIS).

This paper investigates the relations between the fantasy genre and the phenomena of escapism. It also delves into the factors which motivates consumption of various fantasy mediums. This is done through interviews with six different fantasy-consumers, along with two observations; of which one is performed at a science fiction convention and the other at a table-top role playing game. The study resulted in a basic understanding of escapism ? it is not limited to the fantasy genre, and fantasy consumers do not deny that fantasy is a form of escapism.

Conflict prevention is a term which has gained much influence during the last decades. To prevent conflicts from occuring have both humanitarian and economic incentives as the cost for war are much greater than the cost of acting preventive. To act in this matter has been regarded a priority for the United Nations during several years, and the European Union have also expressed a wish of playing a more active part. The essay compares the actions taken by the international organisations in Macedonia, a country which headed toward a violent conflict. The UN acted through the mission UNPREDEP and the EU through the mission of Concordia.

För att Securitas AB skall kunna behålla sin position i Norrköping Flygplats är det viktigt att de effektiviserar sin bemanning och scheman. Detta krävs för att kunna uppnå kostnadsreduceringar som skall i sin tur ge dem konkurrensfördelar för att behålla sin position vid årliga upphandlingar som sker mellan kommun och flygplats. För att effektivisera sin bemanning och scheman skall teoretiska delar användas för att styra grupper och verksamheten bättre, teoretiska delarna är i form av schemaläggningsprinciper.Vid en effektivisering av verksamheten skall en optimeringsmodell användas med flera funktioner som möjliggör en heltäckande optimeringslösning för att generera den mest kostnadseffektivaste bemanningen för schemaläggningen. Ett tekniskt system som ett informationssystem skall även strukturera Securitas arbete effektivare med en bättre bokföring över de anställda samt underlätta tillämpningen av ett standardiserat arbetssätt. Vikten av ett standardiserat arbetssätt behandlas mycket inom LEAN-filosofin och anses viktig i detta fall för att få de teoretiska delarna och informationssystemet att fungera ihop.

This thesis have been performed at Sweco Position in Jönköping. The work was split into two, where one part included an investigation regarding the possibility of developing a cross-platform GIS (geographic information system) with HTML5 and CSS3. A prototype would also be developed within this part.The second part included development of a cross-platform GIS for a client to Sweco Position. The client operates in the forest sector and had already an existing solution, with many problems. The client required an application with delimited functionality and which was not bound to a specific hardware.As the client users often were located in areas with limited Internet access, one additional requirement was that there would be some offline support.The students handle subjects within development of GIS, for example map projections, map services and mapping libraries.The application came to be developed in HTML5 and ASP.net.

"The Value of Knowledge - Towards a Virtue Epistemological Position" The classical question, first posed in Plato's Meno, concerning the value of knowledge constitutes the starting point of this essay. Value analysis has long been neglected in epistemologist's accounts until its re-emergence with the tradition called ?virtue epistemology?, in particular with scholars following Ernest Sosa. Like virtue ethics virtue epistemological accounts changes the focus from the object to the agent, i.e. from knowledge to intellectual virtue.

In this study we pose the question if you through finding patterns in implementation of checkpoints can find ways to tailor the experience of the game A Story About My Uncle to hardcore gamers. To find out the answer we had hardcore players playing a modified level from the game A Story About My Uncle that was used as stimulus material for the following focus group interview. The analysis of the gathered material resulted in four patterns that can be used when implementing checkpoints to tailor the experience of the game A Story About My Uncle to hardcore gamers. Elements of checkpoints that our study showed to be important when it comes to how the game is experienced are density, placement and clearness..

In Sweden today many municipalities and sport clubs chooses to build artificial turfs becauseof the increased period of using the turfs during the year and less maintenance requirementsthan for natural grass fields. What could be problematic with artificial turfs is the rubbergranules used as infill material in the turf matt. The rubber granules are often made fromrecycled tires, which may contain for the human health and the environment, harmful substances.This was the reason why the Swedish Chemicals Agency commissioned a statusreport in 2006 which, among other things, concluded that the environmental and health risksassociated with granules made from recycled tiers in artificial turf fields were small, but thatthere could be a local environmental hazard. The purpose and objective of the risk assessmentwas to identify how artificial turf plans granules can affect recipients in the area closeto the pitches and provide input to reduce the spread of metals and substances harmful forboth human health and the surrounding environment. The work was divided into three parts:(1) the construction of artificial turf pitches and their material content, the spread of granulatesoutside the fields and disposal of artificial turf pitches.

Syftet med vår studie är att undersöka hur implementering av förskolans reviderade läroplan går till samt analysera likheter och skillnader i tolkningen av förskolans kvalitet utifrån ledningsansvarigas, politikers och pedagogikvetarnas perspektiv samt granska på vilket sätt respondenternas utsagor avspeglar deras position i skolsystemets hierarki. För att kunna besvara våra frågeställningar valde vi använda oss av kvalitativa semistrukturerade intervjuer. Vår empiri grundar sig på införskaffade intervjusvar ifrån nio offentliga personer med olika roller och positioner inom skolsystemet. Resultatet av vår undersökning visar att implementering av förskolans reviderade läroplan är ett exempel på ett top-down perspektiv. Utifrån insamlat empirin konstaterar vi att respondenternas uppfattning om vad som är förskolans kvalitet skiljer sig beroende på deras roll och position inom skolväsendet. Dessutom kom vi fram till att två diskursiva mönster framträdde i ledningsansvarigas, politikers och pedagogikvetarnas uttalanden som vi i studien benämnde för organisatoriskt- och pedagogiskt perspektiv..

The objective of this study was trying to understand bullying focusing on the bully. The questions at issue were: What can contribute in the making of a bully? What are the benefits and losses in bullying? What are the former bullies? thoughts on bullying, now in comparison to in their youth. This was investigated with a qualitative approach from a former bullys perspective, hence three former bullies were interviewed. The result was presented in themes and was then analysed from a social psychological and social constructionist perspective.

Dagens samhälle präglas av en vilja att göra karriär. Att göra karriär innebär för många att bli chef eller att på något sätt nå en ledande position där man har makten att bestämma över andra. Det finns en uppsjö av litteratur kring hur man är en bra chef, hur man utvecklar ledaregenskaper samt hur man gör karriär. Det saknas dock forskning som fokuserar på hur man blir en ledare. Alltså vilka faktorer och egenskaper som är viktiga eller avgörande för att man ska nå sin målsättning att bli just chef.Syftet med denna uppsats är att belysa de faktorer som banar väg till en ledande position inom ett företag eller en organisation.