A growing issue in the construction industry is how production can become moreefficient by using logistical solutions. Companies can minimize the cost of a project byreducing the time to perform the work.The purpose of this report was to examine the logistics related to pipe trenches forSIAAB. The report's focus has been on solving problems and planning that wouldfacilitate the work of the project Vaksala-Lunda Etapp 3.The case study consists of interviews with SIAAB's employees and an observationwhere the progress of a traditional pipe trench has been documented using checklists.Questions to the report?s case study come from the theoretical part, which is basedon literature on construction management and logistics in general. The observationlasted five weeks and the biggest time-consuming events that affected the pipe trenchduring this time, has received most attention.

Background: The development of the IT-industry, where new technologies and new services continually arise, has led to new players with different specializations. The increased degree of specialization means that these players need to cooperate with each other in different types of projects.Problem definition: What factors are important in a project to achieve the objectives as quickly as possible? More players should lead to cooperation difficulties, how can you coordinate in the best possible way? Today, it is desirable for all parties in the project to shorten down the lead time.Purpose: The main purpose is to explore the different factors that affects the project's lead time concerning broadband installation. The part purpose, is to analyze and assess the conditions for cooperation between different players in the project for broadband installation and to provide a recommendation.Method: In order to answer the problem definition, the paper is structured around a qualitative approach with interviews to obtain data. Mostly, the used data comes from primary sources with an extension of secondary sources.Theories: Theories that are used in the paper are: Communication Process, Communication Plan, Project Planning & Project Plan, Efficiency through collaboration, Communication in a network.Empiric: Empirical data consists of primary data collected through interviews.Analysis: The analysis is based on the variables from the theoretical frame of reference; Communications, Planning, Interaction & Information.

A brush of paint on a grey compound wall can mean so much more than simply an addition of colour. It can meanan appropriation of public space, a shared public space enclosed by a wall now ?owned? by someone. It can meanan arisen conflict leading to debate about the right to use public space.The Wall Project is a Mumbai based beautification project that uses paint and outdoor walls to brighten uptheir city. The Urban Typhoon workshop is an activity set up in self-evolving neighbourhoods where municipalinterference is scarce.

I många svenska städer går det att upptäcka fenomenet av det peri-urbana landskapet och en planering som strävar efter en expansiv stadsutveckling. Det är ett hybridlandskap, en expanderad stad där skillnaden mellan stad och land inte existerar i form av en exakt gränslinje. Staden innehåller samtidigt miljöer och platser, i flera fall centralt belägna som tenderar att glömmas bort, åsidosättas eller placeras i ett väntans läge vid planering. Dessa tomma ytor och håligheter utan definierad funktion är platser som befinner sig i ett gränsland - mellan det planerade och det oplanerade, vilket påverkar den angränsande bebyggelsen och marken. Detta ger upphov till arbetets tema - rum i marginal, mellanrum som blir en outnyttjad resurs vid planering.

Background: Many people within the health care system experience uncertainty. Uncertainty can be described as a feeling, a condition or as a phenomenon. Uncertainty is often associated with stress and an emotional burden among patients. It?s important for the nurse to have knowledge about the expressions of uncertainty to get a higher appreciation for the patients? situation.

The title Urban furniture for young people reveals that this paper handles two central phenomenon in landscape architecture; the form and content of the urban spaces, respectively the users and their need for an appropriate outdoor environment in the city. In this paper youth is referred to as 15-18 year olds and the paper is based on theories of their physical use of the city?s outdoor environment. Urban furniture refers to equipment and components in the public room which becomes furniture when people takes them in to claim and gives them a meaning and a function that is useful for the moment. The starting point is that the users, in this case youths, defi nes urban furniture as something signifi cantly more than traditional park furniture, bicycle racks and waste baskets. This paper aims to investigate how the city?s furniture can be developed to meet the youths need to see each other, move and make their marks in the public room. The theories about how youths uses the city are presented in the Theory chapter.

This essay examines resident experiences and notions of the Gotland countryside and their ideas about the future. In particular the countryside is studied as both space and place. In space and place people interacting. People are therefore important components in the study of the landscape. One can say that the landscape and the interaction between people affect resident experiences and notions of the countryside, as well as people certainly affect the landscape.

The aim with this study was to collect fundamental information, and to plan, a windpower farm in Juddhult , Småland in southern Sweden. The goal is to collect the bestavailable projecting planning support. The pieces of this projecting planning supportthat will be presented is; Environmental Consequence Description (MKB), productioncalculations, comparisons between different plant types, economic calculations, evaluatethe economy and give some farm design suggestions. The imagined wind farm will belocated in forest environment and which may cause a number of new problems. Specialinterest that will be affected, where special consideration because of the forestenvironmental is requested is, hunting, wetlands, ancient monuments and windturbulence.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease can limit patients physical abilities and contribute to social isolation. The purpose of this literature study is to investigate men's and women's experiences of living with chronic obstructive pulmonary dis-ease, and the supporting and guiding role of the nurse to an increased quality of life. 13 critical reviewed articles were used to find the answers to our questions. Quality rating forms were used in order to guarantee a good scientific quality. The results show that, it is of great importance for the COPD-patients well-being to experience social support from those around them, and to have a close relation-ship with their families and friends, in order to experience quality of life.

Detta arbete behandlar hur en bostads- och verksamhetsutbyggnad i Älö by skulle kunna ske. Det övergripande syftet med arbetet är att genom planering skapa förutsättningar för en hållbar utveckling i tätortsnära landsbygd med avseende på områdets natur- och kulturvärden, försörjning och social samhörighet. Problemformuleringen består av tre frågor; hur nya bostäder i Älö kan planeras för att bevara dagens glesa landsbygdskaraktär, hur bevarande av Älös funktionsblandning i form av lantbrukande, småföretagande och hur boende kan kombineras med nya bostäder och ökad turism utan att förstöra byns kvaliteter. Metoden för arbetet var en kombination av litteraturstudier, intervjuer och ett analyserande planförslag. Litteraturen som studerades var tvärsektoriell och belyste landsbygden utifrån historia, dagens situation och hur framtidens landsbygd kan komma att se ut. Intervjuer som genomfördes var gruppintervjuer med semi-struktur. Dessa tillsammans med litteraturstudien var grunden i utformningen av planförslaget. Den teoretiska bakgrunden inleds med hur historiska skiftesreformer, by- och gårdstyper har påverkat landsbygdens utseende.

The project, Glowtest Fixture, has been carried out to and in collaboration with MSA SordinLtd. MSA Sordin Ltd produces and sells ear protector and is at present a supplier on theworld market. Glowtest Fixture is a product for glow testing off detailed components in oneear protector. MSA Sordin Ltd sends today away your products for testing what is anexpensive aspect in their development. The project's aim is to take forward a test equipmentthat copes with those high nonplussed requirements and wishes that are required for anapproved physical execution.Glowtest Fixture is a physical equipment that comes used stem glow physical off all detailedcomponents in one ear protector.

Västerås Stad har i översiktsplan för Västerås tätort formulerat fem planeringsstrategier som ska vara styrande vid all fysisk planering. Dessa planeringsstrategier syftar till att Västerås mål om en hållbar utveckling ska uppfyllas. Planeringsstrategierna är: ° Bygg staden inåt ° Blanda bostäder och verksamheter ° En ny syn på trafiken ° Stärk grönskans och vattnets roll ° Utveckla försörjningssystemen Ängsgärdet är beläget cirka en kilometer öster om Västerås centrum. Stadsdelen började bebyggas i slutet på 1800-talet. Fram till 1950-talet var stadsdelen ett trivsamt och lummigt småhusområde.

Benchmarking is an established method of working which is often used in order to develop the quality of the organization. However, almost 70% of the organizations with benchmarking fail due to the lack of planning and structuring of the benchmarking exercise. Maintenance sections in the paper and pulp industry are one of those who have decided to conduct benchmarking. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to gain knowledge of how the maintenance sections in the paper and pulp industry deliberately structure and plan to use benchmarking as a driving force for quality development in the maintenance sections.The study is a hermeneutic case study. Telephone interviews and document analysis have been used as data acquisition methods.The results show that there is a lack of both planning and structuring in the benchmarking process, and lack of management commitment for quality improvements within industrial maintenance.

In Scandinavia today many old harbour areas are developed into residential and commercial areas. For example are both Helsingborg city and Malmoe city in south Sweden planning to restructure some of their harbour areas to accommodate shops, schools, offices, residences et cetera. In Copenhagen in Denmark new plans for Nordhavn is also underway. In almost every plan proposal to redevelope an old harbour area the harbour activities are set a side to give room for new development. In Reykjavik, however, this has not been the case.

Arbetet inleds med en teoretisk del som behandlar begreppet attraktivitet och fysisk forms betydelse för denna. Först görs några allmänna reflektioner om attraktivitet samt en genomgång av olika aspekter av attraktivitet. Därefter görs en kunskapsöversikt med kopplingar mellan olika teorier om den fysiska miljöns betydelse för attraktiviteten samt vad denna attraktivitet består i. Avslutningsvis dras några allmänna slutsatser. Därefter tillämpas på Söder det som framkommit i den generella kunskapsöversikten.