Every place is a stage where people interact. The nature of the stage and its scenography to some extent shapes the interaction. Considered as a place, the school ground gives rise to many varying expectations. Lower school pupils often have clear ideas of how they are expected to behave and how they are expected to use the place. But as the pupils age, the purpose of the school ground grows less obvious.

Background: Basic hygiene is an important measure to prevent healthcare associated infections, save patients? lives, and reduce economic costs for health care. Healthcare associated infections are a threat to patient safety. In community care persons who are the care takers are a risk group and nurses must make sure that basic hygiene procedures are followed.Method: Literature studies with descriptive design, article search in databases Cinahl and PubMed. The results found are based on twelve chosen articles.Aim: To describe factors related to adherence to basic hygiene and how nurses in community care can help to improve compliance with these procedures.Results: In the nursing staff and leadership in health care interest in and the understanding of basic hygiene is described as being of most importance.

Background: Type 2-diabetes is now a public health problem, which constitutes 85-90 percent of diabetes care. The district nurse´s role in treating a diabetic (/person with diabetes) does not only comprise pure medical treatment but also support, advice and training to the individual. In our profession as nurses, we have found that medical knowledge in patients with Typ 2-diabetes is not always enough to obtain changes in lifestyles.Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the illness perceptions in patients with Type 2-diabetes and their impact on health behavior.Method: This qualitative study used grounded theory as a method. Results: The informants described in the interviews, their perceptions of living with Type 2-diabetes. The analysis revealed the main category periodic health behavior built up on and related to five categories developed in data: preventive health awareness, guilt, confidence in medical treatment, motivational problems and periods of insight.Conclusion: This study contributes to understanding of patients with Type 2 - diabetes their beliefs about illness and how it affects everyday lives.Keywords: Believes, District nurses, Groundey Theory, Illness perception, Type 2-diabetes.

Att dokumentera är för arbetsterapeuter ett professionellt ansvar och en yrkesskyldighet som regleras av såväl lagar och etik, som interna professionella krav. Den arbetsterapeutiska dokumentationen är viktigt för att förklara arbetsterapi, stödja den arbetsterapeutiska behandlingen, kvalitetssäkring, forskning och samverkan. Tidigare studier har visat på bristfällig dokumentation, speciellt inom socialpsykiatrin, samt att dokumentation kan upplevas som problematisk. Syftet med denna studie var att genom en fokusgruppintervju undersöka hur arbetsterapeuter verksamma inom socialpsykiatri upplever dokumentationen, samt vilka faktorer som påverka densamma. Tre arbetsterapeuter deltog i studien.

In the United States, see recommendations for cardiac safety of sports arenas but also to health and fitness facilities. However, this does not exist in Sweden today. Objective: The purpose of this study is to identify the health- and fitness facilities today are equipped with respect to cardiac safety and specifically relating to preparedness for cardiac arrest. Method: Quantitative data are collected and compiled with the help of a questionnaire. The questionnaire contained 19 questions in total.

Bakgrund Många studier visar att personer med psykiska besvär oftare drabbas av fysisk ohälsa och unga personer med psykossjukdom utgör en speciellt utsatt grupp.SyfteSyftet var att undersöka hur unga vuxna med psykossjukdomar upplever sin kroppsliga hälsa. Arbetet syftade även till att kartlägga patienternas uppfattning om hjälp- och stödbehov när det gäller upprätthållande/förbättring av hälsotillståndet.MetodEn kvalitativ studie med intervjuer med tio patienter. Intervjuerna analyserades med kvalitativ innehållsanalys.ResultatAnalysen ledde fram till ett tema: Synen på den kroppsliga hälsan är en strävan efter att med stöd och hjälp leva ett liv som alla andra. Temat uppstod utifrån fyra kategorier.1. Hur man lever livet ? livsstilsaspekter som studiedeltagarna förknippade med kroppslig hälsa, dvs.

This essay aims to create an understanding of how leadership can be arranged in a company that embraces new technology and telework, and how it can be experienced from the employees' perspective. In order to make it possible to investigate this purpose are three questions formed; ?How is the leadership perceived??, ?How does telework into motivation?? and ?How does telework into communication??. A presentation of previous research is given, focusing mainly within different types of leadership, distance, and telework. Based on this, three interviews was made in which respondents? experience of telework was in focus.

Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur personer som har ätstörning upplever behandlingsmetod - skapande aktiviteter som ett sätt att finna inre resurser och känsla av sammanhang. Intervjun med fyra personer som har ätstörning utfördes med hjälp av halvstrukturerade kvalitativa intervjuer och egen konstruerad intervjuguide. Resultat har visat att skapande aktiviteter är en behandlingsmetod som kan hjälpa personer med ätstörningar att finna resurser både inom sig själva och inom omgivningen, vilka kan fungera som skyddande faktorer och som ett sätt att bemästra svårigheter. Resurser kan vara till exempel kreativ förmåga, humor, möjlighet att lära sig handskas med problem, känna samhörighet samt kunna hjälpa och ge stöd, vara aktiv och engagerad i meningsfulla aktiviteter och bra struktur i aktiviteter..

In what way were children in the 1930s and 1940s mean to each other, in which ways did theytease and bully one another? And what were the adults part, how did they react to thechildrens spite towards each other and did they do anything to stop it?These are the questions which have been addressed in this essay. In the answers given to us,by a survey in which 42 persons born in the 1920s and 1930s were asked, we have learned,that during the 1930s and 1940s when these children went to school, bullying did'nt occure asmuch. Not as they can remember today.We have also learned that it was mostly boys who were bullied, both mentaly and physical,with punches, being pushed, being laughed at and by being forced to do things they did notwant to do, such as stealing.The most common reasons for being bullied was that the children came from poor families,had ragged clothes, where dirty or had a physical disease such as cronical bronchitis.There where not many children who talked about being bullied with a teacher and the surveytells us that they didn't had any supervisors on the school yard.A number of the questioned answered that they thought that teachers had favourite students inthe classroom and they tell us stories in which teachers used corporal punishment, which waslegal at this time..

ECG-Screening for young elite athletesAbstractBackgroundSudden cardiac death (SCD) during physical activity is a frightening and emotional tragedy that draws huge media attentions when it occurs. Fortunately it is a relatively uncommon occurrence but happens nonetheless to young athletes who often seems to be in perfect health. SCD is used as a term for sudden unexpected complications on the cardiovascular system that leads to a deadly outcome normally within the first hour of onset of symptoms and the cause is some sort of underlying cardiovascular disease that gets triggered by physical activity.Normally athletes gets divided into two groups dependent on age, over and under 35 years, and this studies focus is on the younger group since it is often during this period athletes are at the elite level. It is also in this category the most unexpected sudden deaths occur that is not due to coronary atherosclerosis, which is the dominant cause of death, and drastically increases, for people over 35 years old.AimThe aim of this study was to scientific and unbiased analyze peer-reviewed clinical articles todescribe the pros, cons and cost to implement an ECG-screening as a standard before physicalactivities for specifically defined elite athletes.MethodA systematic review was performed and after all data collection 21 articles was chosen to beused as a base for both background and analyze. At the end 10 articles was fulfilling the criteria to be used at the analyze and later the results.ResultsThe implementation of ECG-screening has reduced SCD in Italy by 89 % between the years 1979-2004.

The aging population is a challenge for Europe and there must be cooperation between EU member states to join the challenge to meet. The purpose of this study is to describe and analyze the EU's ability to influence older people's health, based on experiences from a selection of European officials and on a review of the EU's common strategies. The authors studied and problematize the implementation of the strategies that the EU has negotiated for the work against the elderly poor health, with a view of member countries have different conditions. Using qualitative methods, we have collected and processed statements from targeted interviews and publications by a range of European policies. The material was then analyzed from implementation theory and organizational theory, and based on results of previous research. The result shows that the EU is developing common strategies and coordination methods to the aforementioned challenge to meet. The results also show that the differences existing between Member States causes implementation difficulties of the common strategies. The study states ultimately decide that there should be common strategies to facilitate the work of Member States when it comes to countering the elderly poor health.

A tendency of impaired oral health has lately been seen among children and adolescents. The consumption of soft drinks and fruit juices is rising and at the same time many children and adolescents skip breakfast and lunch at school. That in combination with a frequent snacking increases the risk of caries. The aim of this study was to examine the knowledge of caries, oral hygiene- and dietary habits and experience of tobacco among 12-year-old schoolchildren. The study was performed in 5th grade in four different schools in the North East of Skåne in cooperation with the dental health board clinic in Näsby, Kristianstad.

Home care services have had, and will have a major imortance in the future. More people will be using home care services as a consequence of political strategies but also as an effect of caretakers own wishes. The purpose of this study was to illuminate the factors that are significant for a successful encounter between a caretaker and a caregiver. The study is made as a qualitative analysis of litterature. The data collection was based on Polit and Hungler's model of information retrieval and the data analysis on Graneheim and Lundman's model of analysis.

This essay gives the reader an overview of the different problems and issues a landscape architect might meet, in the process of planning and realizing an eco-village. Its aim is to stimulate new ideas, based on the traditional, present and future working field of landscape architects. The essay does not claim to cover all imaginable aspects of social sustainability within an eco- village, but refers to the presented sources for further in-depth reading. Although the original focus has been on physical planning, the interviewees? words have been of big importance, and to a certain extent changed the constitution of this essay.

Det ordineras/rekommenderas många ortoser till övre extremiteterna för personer iarbetslivet. Syftet med studien är att undersöka personers användning av ordinerade/rekommenderade ortoser för tumbas-artros, arpaltunnelsyndrom och epikondylit samt vilka för- respektive nack-delar ortosen anses ha. Respondenterna i undersökningen fanns inte i vår geografiska närhet så gjordes en enkätundersökning. Tjugofyra personer av 53 besvarade en enkät och sammanställningen visade att majoriteten var nöjda med sina ortoser. Tjugotvå följde sina ordinationer/rekommendationer och de två övriga angav att ortosen var för varm eller rädd att tappa styrka.