ABSTRACTIntroduction: An increasing number of patients in Sweden receive epidural anaesthesia (EDA) in connection to surgery. Caring for patients with acute pain is a responsibility that is strongly established within the profession of the nurse anaesthetist. If the care provided by the nurse anaesthetist for patients who receive epidural anaesthesia is to evolve then further insight and knowledge is required regarding the individual´s experience.Aim: To describe patients' experiences in receiving epidural anaesthesia based on an earlier perioperative start-up of the EDA.Method: Based on a qualitative approach, the aim is to conduct semi-structured interviews with patients who receive EDA in connection to abdominal or gynaecological surgery. Research subjects' statements in the context of the interviews will be transcribed and then analysed using qualitative content analysis. In order to evaluate the chosen method regarding data collection and analysis model an exploratory pilot study was conducted.

This master's thesis deals with how a school class of 19 students that are 12 years old,perceive the conception of the library and its activities, and how this can be studied by usingfour different approaches: analysis of the children's drawings, analysis of the children'sessays and analysis of their answers to questions in an inquiry and in interviews. Theories ofhow children learn, develop and perceive the world are briefly presented, as we11 as theorynecessary for the analysis.The four different techniques produced in general the same result; the children displayed thesame thoughts, knowledge and values in the drawings, in the essays, in the inquiry andduring the interviews. The children participating look upon a library as mainly a building,though sometimes also a room, where there are books..

The aim of this study has been to investigate a group of upper secondary school teachers? approach to work with the ethnic multi-culturalism that characterises the Swedish society of today and to point to the obstacles and possibilities the teachers see to work with this. With the help of interviews with eight teachers satisfying results could be reached. The results showed that it was possible to distinguish three different ways to think and act when it comes to the work with ethnic multi-culturalism in school and teaching. The approaches entailed different consequences on the way the teachers conduct their teaching.

This thesis has been carried out in collaboration with LEDtec International AB. LEDtec focuses on innovative solutions in LED screens. Everything from large advertising signs to welcome signs in cities, to screens indicating speeds or warning of heavy traffic. The task was to was to help them develop a new version of the control board that is used in some of their products. The reason for this is that their old control board is obsolete and the components that are on it, is no longer manufactured or in need to be renewed.

The aim of this study is to through six interviews, with six experienced, social workers?, in three cities, understand how the child?s position in the Swedish child protective services? enquiries has change, and the factors behind it. The aim is also to compare if the social workers? view of the child?s position in the enquire has change accordingly to Socialstyrelsens intentions of BBIC. The theoretical approaches that was used is the new institutionalism, the Shier?s pathways to participation and the term discretion.

The purpose of this essay is to examine Cognitive and Psychodynamic theory in the ways they approach spirituality. How and whether or not the personal view of spirituality affects the professional role of the psychologist is investigated. Data from six semi-structured interviews with psychologists have been collected and analysed in a qualitative, phenomenological method. The results reflect two main topics and several subsequent headlines with regards to: 1) the psychologist's professional approach and 2) the area in between the psychologist's personal and professional approach to spirituality. From empirical studies and relevant theories, a discussion is held about the psychological approaches to spirituality in psychotherapy.

Introduktion: Forskning kring omvårdnadsteori har ända sedan Florence Nightingales tid varit aktuell. Utvecklingen har resulterat i många olika riktningar. Syfte: I denna uppsats var vi intresserade av att belysa aktuell forskning av omvårdnadsteoretiska strukturer och vilka tillämpningsmöjligheter samt vilka effekter/konsekvenser dessa kan ha för omvårdnadsinnehållet inom perioperativ omvårdnad.Metod: Genomgång gjordes av vetenskapliga artiklar vilka söktes fram i databaserna PubMed och Cinahl tillika relative links samt genom manuell sökning. Metoden för artikelanalys har präglats av den hermeneutiska spiralen. Resultat: Fyra olika kategorier av perioperativ omvårdnadsteoretisk struktur ur tre olika perspektiv utkristalliserades.

The aim of this study is to through six interviews, with six experienced, social workers?, in three cities, understand how the child?s position in the Swedish child protective services? enquiries has change, and the factors behind it. The aim is also to compare if the social workers? view of the child?s position in the enquire has change accordingly to Socialstyrelsens intentions of BBIC. The theoretical approaches that was used is the new institutionalism, the Shier?s pathways to participation and the term discretion.

Bakgrund: I litteraturen finns evidens att använda dubbla lager av operationshandskar vid all kirurgi för att förebygga smittspridning mellan patient och personal samt för att förebygga vårdrelaterade infektioner. Operationshandskar kan ha olika tjocklek och taktil känsla beroende på latex eller latexfritt material. Trots att evidens finns att använda dubbla lager operationshandskar förekommer variation i användandet.Syfte: Syftet med studien var att undersöka om operationssjuksköterskor och kirurger väljer enkla eller dubbla handskar vid operationer, samt hur de motiverar sitt val.Metod: Operationssjuksköterskor och kirurger från två operationsavdelningar i Mellansverige undersöktes i en tvärsnittsdesign med intervjustödda enkäter. Flera deltagare intervjuades flera gånger.Resultat: Totalt inkluderades 66 deltagare i studien och 137 intervjuer genomfördes. Nästan hälften av deltagarna motiverade sitt val av handskar med rutin eller vana.

This study examines working teachers? thoughts and views regarding multilingual children in assembly situations. The purpose of the study was to increase my knowledge and understanding surrounding the educators? approach when it comes to integrating multilingual children in common activities. By using semi-structured, qualitative interviews with six working educators in three different pre-schools, I examined their thoughts and approaches to working with multilingual children in assembly situations.

Too much attention has been given to mainstream approaches in performance management and management accounting research, without taking in to account changes in the environment with the rapid growth of online retailing. This paper evaluates how and/or if performance management differs in online contexts by using a conceptual model developed by Ferreira et al (2009). The model and its components are tested on three multichannel- and six e-commerce businesses. The result and its analysis is commented on by two e - commerce experts. The result shows that the operation method of the models twelve components do not differ in terms of work methods in online and offline contexts.

This thesis is about Swedish and Serbian teachers and their views on how literature should be taught to students in high school. The twist is that these teachers live in two different European countries, and work under two different educational systems. Three of them work in Stockholm, Sweden and the other three in Belgrade, Serbia. The purpose of this thesis was to find similarities and differences in the practice of teaching literature among teachers in these two different educational systems. The teachers were interviewed separately and spoke freely about their views and methods when teaching literature.

This master thesis concerns the relationship the librarianhas to the libraries classification system. The system itselfis made by librarians for librarians and is only used bylibrarians. This raises the question of how the librariansrelate to their own system to create order. The empiricalmaterial consists of five in-depth interviews with librarians.Two theoretical approaches were used in the analysis of thematerial with one focus on the librarian?s professional rolland the other on the postmodern theories about humansneed for order.

The purpose of this study is to highlight the opportunities of using social media as a communicative tool to attract and engage customers on different social media platforms. In recent years social media has become an important way for business to communicate with people both national and global. The idea behind this thesis was found when we saw different approaches of how companies used social media as a marketing tool. Through a qualitative approach we did eight interviews with six different companies and two social media consults which have given us a basis of what companies really want to achieve with social media. With these interviews we were able to analyze and discuss the abilities to interact with people and how companies distribute content that engage users and increase their credibility to the company..

In this paper two translators of Natsume Soseki's "Botchan" by Matt Treyvaud (2009) and Joel R. Cohn (2005) are compared with each other and with the original. Yoko Hasegawa's "The Routledge Course in Japanese Translation" (2012), Peter Newmark's "A Textbook of Translation" (1988) and "Approaches to Translation (1981) are used as the methodological foundation. Kyoko Omori's paper "Problems in English translations of Japanese literature: A study of Natsume Omori's "Botchan" and "Kokoro" (1996)" was used when choosing which old-fashioned language that lies the closest to that of the original, but fails to convey much of the humour; while Treyvaud's translation conveys the humorous tones of the original but has made frequent mistakes not agreed upon as the correct way of translating into English..