Syftet med denna uppsats är att beskriva för- och nackdelar som uppstår för en varumärkesinnehavare då dennes varumärke, utav konsumenter, har kommit att uppfattas som en allmän benämning av en produktkategori. Även orsaker till fenomenet samt förebyggande åtgärder kommer att beröras. Ämnet är inte belyst i större utsträckning, varken inom teori eller i praktik. Syftet besvarades med hjälp av att studera Arla Foods varumärke KESO® som i uppsatsen konstateras vara en allmän benämning för produkten cottage cheese. Teori kring varumärken generellt samt ämnesspecifik teori sammanställdes för att fungera som ett analysverktyg.

Bakgrund: CSR, företagens sociala ansvar, har varit ett aktuellt och debatterat ämne under flera årtionden. Under senare år har begreppet blivit allt mer populärt och diskussionen har svängt från att handla om vad CSR är och hur det ska definieras till hur företag kan arbeta med det i praktiken. Att företags arbete med CSR ofta blir granskat och negativ information får stor uppmärksamhet i media gör implementering av CSR till en viktig fråga. Från teoretikers håll påpekas att litteraturen om implementering av CSR är bristfällig och de praktiska råden oklara. Samtidigt har vi observerat en ökning av standarder och riktlinjer för företags arbete med CSR under senare år, vilket framstår som en motsägelse jämfört med vad teoretikerna påstår.Syfte: Syftet med denna uppsats är att jämföra befintlig teori om implementering av CSR i företags verksamhet med hur företag arbetar med frågan i verkligheten, detta för att se problem eller utvecklingsmöjligheter hos existerande teori.Genomförande: För att uppnå uppsatsens syfte genomfördes intervjuer med fyra företag om hur de arbetar med att implementera CSR, samt med två organisationer som arbetar med att ge stöd och rådgivning till företag i deras utveckling av CSR arbetet.Resultat: Med hjälp av teori och insamlad empiri presenteras uppsatsens resultat som visar på att teori och empiri tar upp samma aspekter som viktiga vid implementering av CSR.

Recent corporate challenges require effective communication in order to secure a company?s reputation. Companies as a result, need to be committed to a series of corporate social and environmental practices along with their financial commitments to their shareholders and investors. In fact, businesses are required to go above their ordinary operations and involve all potential stakeholders that can be affected by their strategies. Companies also need to communicate social, environmental and economic consequences of their activities along with their CSR commitments to their internal and external stakeholders in order to make a better corporate image and improve their market opportunities.

Uppsatsen undersöker den svenska diskurs som präglar talet om flexicurity. Fråge-ställningar för studien rör (1) vilka normativa grundmönster som kan utläsas i de olika texterna, (2) på vilket sätt dessa normativa grundmönster bidrar till att konstituera den svenska diskursen om flexicurity och (3) på vilket sätt diskursen om flexicurity kan relateras till samhällsutvecklingen.Frågeställningarna besvaras genom en normvetenskaplig analys av texter som behandlar flexicurity från Europeiska kommissionen, svenska riksdagspartier och den svenska arbetsmarknadens parter. Undersökningen tar sin utgångspunkt i rättsvetenskapliga och rättssociologiska teorier om normativa grundmönster och samhällsutveckling. I studien används en diskursanalytisk metod, inspirerad av Michel Foucault samt Ernesto Laclau och Chantal Mouffes diskursteori. Studiens teoretiska utgångspunkter hämtas i huvudsak från Anna Christensens teori om normativa fält och Hålan Hydéns norvetenskapliga teori samt hans teori om samhälls-utveckling.

This master thesis concerns the occupational safetyenvironment at Outokompu Stainless, Avesta Work.The study is of a sociotechnical approach wherehumans are involved and interconnected in the samesystem with technology and organisation. In order toreach the corporation?s goal of zero accidents with losttime injury, the work of improving and maintainoccupational safety and health has to regard behaviourand cultural aspects. The aim of this study is todescribe the safety culture at a specific production unitand research what work which has to be done in orderto change and improve the safety culture at AvestaWork.There are several opportunities for improvementpointed out in this paper and here are some mainresults presented. First and foremost, the concern ofsafety among blue-collar is often secondary due toproduction.

This paper illustrates the working conditions at the copper factory in Åtvidaberg during 1800-1890 from different views. The highest salary was given to the building contractor. Thereafter came in order the rust turners, the garmaker, the melter, the ore booker, the factory supervisor and the garmaker hand. Also the rest of the working conditions for different employees might differ from each other in this order. The mine workers generally earned a little less than the other workers at the factory, and especially the workers in the Bersbo mine.

The purpose of this study was to describe how journalists do research for their articles and whether there is a need to create a knowledge bank of the material that journalists use for writing these articles. I also looked at how knowledge management could be used at a daily newspaper to add value to the information used by the journalists. The thesis is based on four interviews with journalists, a literature review and a practical project. I helped a journalist with his information seeking and later tried to organize the material. This project gave me an understanding of how varying the material that journalists use is and how difficult it would be to try to organize it in order to create an organizational knowledge resource of the material.

The purpose of this degree project is to study if there is a intentional work with technology in the elementary school, preschool to fifth grade, in a municipality. The work will also study what conditions there are in the schools in order to work with technology. 95 questionnaires were distributed to the responsible teachers in all primary schools in the municipality, from preschool to fifth grade. The results of the survey show that more than half of the respondents do not consider themselves to work with technology in the school. The conditions, in order to work with the school subject technology in the municipality, are primarily external such as: material, facilities and the ability to divide students into smaller groups.

The aim of this master thesis is to describe some general trends and important steps in the Swedish university libraries user-orientation from the implementation of the university college reform 1977 until today. The aim gave rise to four further questions. Literature studies and empirical studies in the form of focusing interviews have been carried out, in order to answer the questions. Of the entire background material I have made a simple form of general analysis. I found that the libraries, during the years have interacted with the following four interested parties, the government, the mother organization, other libraries and the library users.

Bakgrund: Tidigare forskning och litteratur som behandlar controllerns professionella yrkes-roll beskriver den tekniska rollen, där controllerns administrativa och funktionalistiska roll i organisationen står i fokus. Rollen kan beskrivas vidare med hjälp av sociologisk rollteori där rollskapande och rollåterskapande är två centrala begrepp.Problem: Utifrån tidigare forskning har vi formulerat tre frågor i syfte att förstå controllerns yrkesroll utifrån ett socialt rollperspektiv: Vad betyder begreppet controller och vad säger teori och tidigare forskning att en controller bör göra? Vad är controllerns roll i praktiken och hur skapas yrkesrollen? På vilket sätt går controllerns rollskapande att förklara med hjälp av rollteori?Metod och teori: Vi tillämpade en fenomenologisk tolkande metod i denna studie, då vi valde att fokusera på controllern som individ. Utifrån sociologisk rollteori ur ett multipelt perspektiv analyserar vi rollbegreppet, i syfte att få kunskap om hur individer skapar mening i den värld de lever i. Vi använder oss av tre rollteorier av tre välkända författare inom sociologisk roll-teori för att vidare tolka controllerns roll bortom den tekniska beskrivningen.

Gender is a universal factor that is unavoidable in classroom interaction between pupils and teachers. The principle aim of this essay is to illustrate whether, during the interaction between pupil and teachers still occurs behavior that expresses a gender order. We also want to establish if the ones who attract attention from the teachers is the individual, or if teachers still on a subconscious or conscious level, think of the pupils gender and ascribes him or her some characteristics or qualities. Especially we want to bring out the pupils thoughts and sights of there is a difference on how teachers treat boys and girls. Another purpose we wanted to achieve was to illustrate how teachers work with the concept of equivalence between the sexes, according to Lpo94.Our essay is built on our studies around what teachers think on how they treat the pupils, on the basis of gender perspective.

This thesis work contains a litterature study about electrical motors in general and how PWM-patterns for brushless DC-motors can be made. A suitable method has been implemented as a simulation model in VHDL. A simulation model of a brushless DC-motor which describes the phasecurrents, torque and angular velocity has also been made. The motor model made simulations easier for the complete PWM-system. The design was synthesised and tested with a prototypeboard including a SPARTAN II FPGA.

Why should teachers devote themselves to reading aloud? Reading aloud has a given place in most of the Swedish preschools. Many teachers read to children. Research on the subject has shown that it is very rewarding for preschoolers to have stories read to them. They hear how the language is constructed, becomes aware of matter of text, and they are able to take part of how other people live.

Since we all live in an increasingly globalized world where goods and money are transported more easily and with tougher competition, it is a natural step for Swedish companies to establish themselvs abroad in order to increase their gorwth rate and reach more customers. Today all of us belong to the same global network and the purpose of this thesis is to investigate which factors are important for companies when they choose to establish themselvs on a foreign market. The focus of the investigation has been the market of Germany and Spain, since both countries just like Sweden are members of the European Union, but still have quite different characteristics. We, the authors, have also been living in Spain and Germany during the time of investigation and writing. The companies we have chosen to look closer into are Abba Seafood, which now has merged with Procordia Food, and Oatly AB.

The object for this study is a company developing and manufacturing vehicles for heavy transportation. The company distributes their products on a global market. Therefore the company is required to have efficient internal production development processes in order to successfully beat the competition. The purpose of this master thesis is to study how this particular company intends to implement their standardized theoretical product development process within their organization and how well it is done. We intend to identify and specify if the process has any unexploited capacity.