Vaccination as a part of the preventative public health project has for many years been one of the important tasks of the children's health care. The vaccination program has been adjusted to current research and the health situation in the country. Having their children vaccinated is not something obvious for all parents, though. Especially the vaccination against measles, whooping cough and German measles have been questioned. The purpose of this literature study was to investigate the reasons for the resistance to vaccinate and to illuminate the security creating advice of the nurse at the public health centre.

Bakgrund: Otillräcklig information, att inte bli uppmärksammad, lyssnad på, samt att inte bli sedd som en individ med individuella behov, har visats leda till osäkerhet i interaktionen mellan vårdare och patient samt missnöje med vården. Det är en fördel för sjuksköterskan att ha självkännedom för att kunna skapa ett bekräftande möte. Bekräftelse i ?Jag-Du-mötet? anses vara grunden för allt mänskligt liv. Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva betydelsen av att bekräfta identiteten hos inneliggande patienter på sjukhus, utifrån ett patient- och sjuksköterskeperspektiv.

Bakgrund: Trycksår är idag en vanligt förekommande vårdskada. Få studier har gjorts gällande trycksår i samband med buklägeskirurgi.Syfte: Syftet var att undersöka trycksårsprevalensen bland patienter som genomgått kirurgi i bukläge och identifiera möjliga riskfaktorer för trycksår.Metod: En prospektiv deskriptiv studie med kvantitativ design. Datainsamlingen utfördes på neurokirurgiska och ortopediska kliniken under nio veckor, vid ett stort sjukhus i mellansverige. Hudobservationer och journalgranskning skedde på totalt 29 patienter. Frågeställningarna besvarades med deskriptiv statistik och analyserades med Mann Whitney U test och Chi2.Resultat: Var tredje patient som genomgått buklägeskirurgi utvecklade trycksår.

 Intensivvårdsjuksköterskan möter i sitt dagliga arbete många patienter som behandlas i respirator. Långvarig respiratorbehandling innebär ofta ökade risker för komplikationer. Med anledningen av detta är det viktigt att minska tiden i respirator med effektiv urträning. Att tränas ur respiratorn är en individuell process och bör därför anpassas efter patientens förmåga. Syftet med examensarbetet var att beskriva intensivvårdssjuksköterskors erfarenheter av tracheostomerade patienters urträning ur respirator.

Bakgrund: Tidigare forskning visade på att sjuksköterskor tenderade att ha en negativ bild av missbrukare, samtidigt som de uttryckte att de ändå gav god omvårdnad. Missbrukspatienterna ansågs ha ett stort eget ansvar för sin sjukdom. De negativa attityderna sågs ofta som direkt orsakade av kunskapsbrist. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie var att beskriva hur några sjuksköterskor uppfattade mötet med missbrukare på en akutmottagning i en svensk storstad. Metod: Intervjustudie med kvalitativ ansats, där det manifesta innehållet analyserades.

  Aim. The aim of the study was to describe how nurses in home care experience to pursue palliative care in ordinary housing. Methods. The study had a descriptive design with qualitative approach and was carried out through semi-structured interviews with 14 nurses in home health care from two medium-sized Swedish municipalities. The material was analyzed with manifest and latent content analysis. Findings. The underlying theme that emerged in the study was: Working with palliative care in the patient´s own homes is positive but challenging. Informants describe among other things that they perceived palliative home care as meaningful and that relatives have a central role in the palliative home care since they are close to the patient around the clock. The stress that emerges from the heavy work load and the long geographic distances are described as strenuous and to affect the care in a negative way. Informants describe the home environment as challenging as it is often not adapted for care and the collaboration with the palliative team is described to be experienced as both positive and negative.

Innan en patient som bedöms vara i behov av insatser från kommunens socialtjänst eller annan öppenvård med mera skrivs ut från slutenvården måste en vårdplanering utföras. Vårdplaneringen utförs av patientansvarig sjuksköterska tillsammans med ett antal representanter från öppenvården. Syftet med studien är att belysa hur sjuksköterskor inom landstinget upplever samordnad vårdplanering. Metoden som användes var en kvalitativ enkätundersökning. Resultatet baseras på tio enkäter ifyllda av sjuksköterskor på lungmedicin på KSS i Skövde.

Background: Overweight is a health problem throughout the western world. Child health care (CHC) nurses and school nurses meet many children and their families and have the opportunity to work with prevention. The purpose of this study was to investigate the CHC - and school nurse´s experiences and reflections in the work on obesity in children. The aim was also to investigate the structural conditions CHC- and school nurse feel the need for this work. Method: The study had a qualitative approach with descriptive design.

  Aim. The aim of the study was to describe how nurses in home care experience to pursue palliative care in ordinary housing. Methods. The study had a descriptive design with qualitative approach and was carried out through semi-structured interviews with 14 nurses in home health care from two medium-sized Swedish municipalities. The material was analyzed with manifest and latent content analysis. Findings. The underlying theme that emerged in the study was: Working with palliative care in the patient´s own homes is positive but challenging. Informants describe among other things that they perceived palliative home care as meaningful and that relatives have a central role in the palliative home care since they are close to the patient around the clock. The stress that emerges from the heavy work load and the long geographic distances are described as strenuous and to affect the care in a negative way. Informants describe the home environment as challenging as it is often not adapted for care and the collaboration with the palliative team is described to be experienced as both positive and negative.

Swedish healthcare is in continuous need of cost savings and efficiency improvements in order to meet the increased demand for care. The theories of lean, developed from the industry, are applied more frequently on healthcare systems to increase effectiveness and reduce waiting times in patient processes. However, some processes seem to be more successful in their lean implementation than others. In this thesis, factors influencing flow efficiency in lean healthcare are examined. Through interviews with the top executive board at Capio St Göran's hospital, data is collected in order to analyze reasons for success.

Bakgrund Kommunikation ?r en viktig komponent i omv?rdnaden och ?r betydande f?r att skapa en f?rst?else mellan patient och sjuksk?terska. Sjuksk?terskor har ansvar att anpassa kommunikationen utifr?n patientens f?ruts?ttningar och behov. N?r patienten har begr?nsade kunskaper i det gemensamma spr?ket blir anv?ndning av olika typer av spr?ktolk en resurs f?r att s?kerst?lla att information f?rmedlas och att patienten har m?jlighet att vara delaktig i sin v?rd.

Background: A health damage that has been specifically related to nursing is pressure ulcers. Pressure ulcers are a complication caused by disease, care and treatment and can result in great suffering for the patient. Pressure ulcers can affect people both physically and psychosocially and is experienced, by most patients, as a serious and unnecessary complication of care. Today there are hundreds of identified risk factors for pressure ulcers described that can be divided into patient and care-related risk factors. A successful pressure ulcer prevention and treatment is to reduce or eliminate the underlying causes for the development of pressure ulcers, prevent deterioration and to treat existing ulcers.

Introduction: On the surgical wards in most hospitals in Sweden patients with different surgical needs are cared for. Patients with gastrointestinal conditions are, for example, nurtured alongside patients with urological disorders or patients in need of observation for head trauma. When the nurse, in addition to these patients, have to care for patients with palliative care needs can be perceived as problematic for nurse and patient alike.Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore nurses' perceptions of care for patients with palliative care needs on an acute surgical ward, based on a person-centered perspective.Method: A focus group interview was conducted with the strategic selection of nurses from two acute surgical wards in a county hospital in western Sweden. The data from the interview were analyzed with qualitative directed, deductive content analysis with person-centered care as a theoretical framework. The theoretical background shows that person-centered care includes partnership, participation and structured documentation.Results: The results of this study show that even a fourth category, organization, emerged and needed to be reported.

Bakgrund: Patienter som ska genomgå elektiva operationer kan uppleva preoperativ oro och ångest. Preoperativ oro kan grundas i bristande information, tanken på att mista kontrollen samt vistelse i okänd miljö. Det vilar ett stort ansvar på sjuksköterskan då hon ska möjliggöra optimal delaktighet i vård och behandling för patienten samt uppmärksamma patienter som inte själva uttrycker ett omvårdnadsbehov. Syfte: Att sammanställa kunskap om vilka omvårdnadsåtgärder som kan minska patienters preoperativa oro vid elektiva operationer. Metod: Litteraturstudie, baserad på två kvalitativa och åtta kvantitativa artiklar.

Family members need a great deal of support during palliative care. It is vital for the family that nursing contacts are accessible all day and night. The nurse can support the family members by sharing a professional knowledge and adapt the information to the recipient, by being present and also encourage them by not only focus on death. The support should be adapted to each individual and also have the possibility to be adjusted in each case. The aim of the study was to illustrate family members experiences of support in a late stage of palliative care.