Background: Sleeping is a condition that is necessary for all people because the body isgiven time to recover. Studies have shown that patients found it difficult to sleep during thehospital stay and it turned out to be several factors that disturbed the sleep during the night.The nurse should note the patient?s need for sleep and take into account environmental andother sleep disturbances to be able to implement nursing interventions. Purpose: The purposeof this study was to elucidate the factors that interfere with patient?s sleep duringhospitalization and nursing care to promote the patient?s ability to sleep.

ABSTRACT The persons whom the authorized nurse encounters in hospital wards and nursing homes are in great extent elderly persons. According to Wasserman (2000), about 30 to 40 percent among these, show signs of depression. To be aware of the signs of depression, and how an authorized nurse can support the patient is therefore of great value. The introduction to this study describes the symptoms of depression and how depression in elders is expressed. It also describes treatment possibilities and nursing aspects of concern.

ABSTRACT The persons whom the authorized nurse encounters in hospital wards and nursing homes are in great extent elderly persons. According to Wasserman (2000), about 30 to 40 percent among these, show signs of depression. To be aware of the signs of depression, and how an authorized nurse can support the patient is therefore of great value. The introduction to this study describes the symptoms of depression and how depression in elders is expressed. It also describes treatment possibilities and nursing aspects of concern.

Idag lever cirka 33 miljoner människor med HIV/Aids. Totalt har omkring 30 miljoner människor avlidit sedan första Aids- fallet diagnostiserades år 1981. I västvärlden har HIV-smittade en tät kontakt med sjukvården eftersom de går på regelbundna kontroller, därmed är sjuksköterskor en yrkeskategori som träffar dessa patienter ofta. I utvecklingsländerna ser det ofta tyvärr annorlunda ut, HIV-smittade har ingen eller gles kontakt med sjukvården. Syftet med studien var att belysa sjuksköterskans upplevelser i omvårdnaden av HIV/Aids patienter.

ABSTRACT The persons whom the authorized nurse encounters in hospital wards and nursing homes are in great extent elderly persons. According to Wasserman (2000), about 30 to 40 percent among these, show signs of depression. To be aware of the signs of depression, and how an authorized nurse can support the patient is therefore of great value. The introduction to this study describes the symptoms of depression and how depression in elders is expressed. It also describes treatment possibilities and nursing aspects of concern.

Previous research and patient complaints to the Swedish Patient Support Committee shows that there is a lack of substance in the patient-nurse relationship. This may suggest that it can be difficult for health care to live up to health-care law which requires it to be of good quality, based on dignity and respect and designed so that the patient is an active participant and can make their own decisions when it comes to their health care. For a better understanding of what a dignified patient-nurse relationship is, this study aims to clarify what the patient values as good patient-nurse relationship and describe how they have experienced the patient-nurse relationship during their stay at an emergency care department. The study is a descriptive cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, where the population consisted of patients who were cared for at an emergency care department in the County of Västmanland, Sweden during 2007. The sample consisted of 93 patients which were asked to answer a questionnaire.

ABSTRACT The persons whom the authorized nurse encounters in hospital wards and nursing homes are in great extent elderly persons. According to Wasserman (2000), about 30 to 40 percent among these, show signs of depression. To be aware of the signs of depression, and how an authorized nurse can support the patient is therefore of great value. The introduction to this study describes the symptoms of depression and how depression in elders is expressed. It also describes treatment possibilities and nursing aspects of concern.

SAMMANFATTNINGBakgrund: När människan åldras så förändras inte bara kroppens utseende utan också dessnutritionsbehov. Äldre personer som är i kontakt med vården upplever att de inte får denhjälp de behöver med att anpassa nutritionsvården till sina individuella behov ochförutsättningar. När nutritionsvården inte kan anpassas till patienternas individuella behovså föreligger det risk för försämrad hälsa och ett ökat lidande. Patienterna upplever inte attsjuksköterskorna uppmärksammar deras upplevelser av nutritionsvården. Syfte: Syftet meddetta examensarbete är att beskriva sjuksköterskors upplevelser av att tillgodose äldresnäringsbehov.

Postoperativ smärta är en smärta som är förväntad av både patient och sjuksköterska. Mötetmellan sjuksköterska och patient med postoperativ smärta innefattar sjuksköterskans kunskap och fördomar om smärta, samt patientens känsla av utlämnande och upplevelse av smärta. Syftet var att genom en litteraturstudie belysa viktiga faktorer i mötet mellan sjuksköterska och patient med postoperativ smärta. Därtill två frågeställningar; Vad är viktigt för sjuksköterskan i bemötandet av patienter med postoperativ smärta? Vad är viktigt för patienten med postoperativ smärta i mötet med sjuksköterskan? Metod Litteraturstudie med Graneheim och Lundmans analysmetod som verktyg.

Bakgrund: En patient som vårdas på en intensivvårdsavdelning utsätts för många traumatiska upplevelser både psykiskt och fysiskt samt drabbas av minnesluckor och overkliga upplevelser.Syfte: Syftet med denna studie var att ta reda på hur patientdagboken och mottagningsbesöket har påverkat bearbetningen av upplevelserna av vårdtiden på intensiven och rehabiliteringen efter sjukvårdsvistelsen.Metod: Datainsamling gjordes med kvalitativa semistrukturerade intervjuer med elva patienter som hade legat tre dygn eller mer på intensivvårdsavdelningen och fått en patientdagbok och varit på ett uppföljande mottagningsbesök. Data analyserades enligt Burnards och Graneheim och Lundmans innehållsanalys.Resultat: Studien resulterade i fem teman som speglar informanternas uppfattning om patientdagboken och mottagningsbesöket. Tema:1) Patientdagboken har hjälpt patienten förstå att det har hänt och vad som har hänt under intensivvårdtiden. 2) Redskap för att kunna förklara för vänner och familj. 3) Patientdagboken gav ett positivt gensvar till patienten och de hade få funderingar på utveckling av den.

ABSTRACT The persons whom the authorized nurse encounters in hospital wards and nursing homes are in great extent elderly persons. According to Wasserman (2000), about 30 to 40 percent among these, show signs of depression. To be aware of the signs of depression, and how an authorized nurse can support the patient is therefore of great value. The introduction to this study describes the symptoms of depression and how depression in elders is expressed. It also describes treatment possibilities and nursing aspects of concern.

The number of HIV- positive is increasing all over the world and it's very likely to meet these patients as a nurse. The interaction between the nurse and the patient is characterized by experience and knowledge and at the same time the nurse is expected to act professionally. The purpose of this literature review is to investigate the nurse's complex of problems regarding the treatment of the HIV- positive patient by exploring the attitudes against HIV among nurses and how the nurse can maintain the integrity of the HIV- positive patient. Antonovsky's salutoqenic model, sense of coherence, has been used as theoretical frame. From 14 articles five topics have been found that influence the nurse's attitudes against HIV-positive patients.

Background   The patient's rights to self-determine their own health care is described in Swedish legislation and guidelines. However, due to infancy, unconsciousness, severe brain damage or certain diseases, some patients might be unable to make such decisions. Ethically difficult situations do occur, not infrequently associated with culture. Since the patient is vulnerable, there is a risk that the patient in the treatment and care can not be bothered to maintain right to autonomy and that the nurse violates patient integrity.Aim                 The aim of this study was to illustrate the nurse's dilemma when the patient refuses vital caring efforts.Method           A literature review of eight scientific articles with a qualitative approach was performed.Results           The results revealed the following domains to describe the nurse's dilemma when the patient refuses vital care interventions: patients? reasons for treatment refusal, the nurse's understanding of the patient's refusal of care and contradictory legislationConclusion     More knowledge and discussion of the patient's decision-making competence is needed for both the nursing profession and those who make decisions on legislation..

ABSTRACT The persons whom the authorized nurse encounters in hospital wards and nursing homes are in great extent elderly persons. According to Wasserman (2000), about 30 to 40 percent among these, show signs of depression. To be aware of the signs of depression, and how an authorized nurse can support the patient is therefore of great value. The introduction to this study describes the symptoms of depression and how depression in elders is expressed. It also describes treatment possibilities and nursing aspects of concern.

Palliativ omvårdnad är något de flesta sjuksköterskor kommer i kontakt med under sitt yrkesverksamma liv. Syftet med litteraturstudien var att belysa upplevelser i omvårdnaden ur ett patientperspektiv.  Nio artiklar valdes för granskning, ur artiklarnas resultat framkom sex teman: Upplevelser av; omvårdnadsrelationer, kommunikation och information, vårdmiljön, symtomkontroll, tillgänglighet och självbestämmande. I resultatet framkom att en förtroendefull relation och kommunikation skapade god omvårdnad. Brister i kommunikationen kunde även förekomma. En bra sjuksköterska upplevdes som någon som lyssnade och hade bred kunskap.