Allmänsjuksköterskans problematik kring bemötandet av den HIV-positiva patienten i den somatiska vården
The number of HIV- positive is increasing all over the world and it's very likely to meet these patients as a nurse. The interaction between the nurse and the patient is characterized by experience and knowledge and at the same time the nurse is expected to act professionally. The purpose of this literature review is to investigate the nurse's complex of problems regarding the treatment of the HIV- positive patient by exploring the attitudes against HIV among nurses and how the nurse can maintain the integrity of the HIV- positive patient. Antonovsky's salutoqenic model, sense of coherence, has been used as theoretical frame. From 14 articles five topics have been found that influence the nurse's attitudes against HIV-positive patients. Those are: experience, knowledge, civil status, the way the patient has been infected and sexuality. The result shows that knowledge of HIV and atti-tudes towards the disease vary within the profession. The majority of the nurses have positive attitudes although many of the nurses would like to have the right to decline from nursing a HIV-positive patient. This study also illustrates aspects that may help the nurse to maintain the integrity of the HIV-positive patient.