Swedish healthcare systems have endured harsh criticism from healthcare professionals because of their inability to understand healthcare processes. These systems have been identified as significant time consumers, and Swedish healthcare is therefore facing a major challenge to assure patient safety. The following paper is based on a workplace study, which aims to examine healthcare systems? impact on physicians? practices. Our findings show that physicians spend substantial amounts of time chasing information, rather than managing information and pursuing healthcare.

Today is what you could call a golden age for technological development in health care. Technology is given a bigger role in healthcare and serves not only as a support for health professionals in their daily work but also as a tool for the patient. With the help of eHealth services, patients are becoming more involved in their own care. This improves patient?s knowledge about their health, which in turn contributes to higher motivation to perform self-care.

SAMMANFATTNINGBakgrundDe allt kortare vårdtiderna inom sjukvården ställer höga krav på patientinformationen som ges pre- och postoperativt. Forskning visar att patienternas informationsbehov inte alltid överensstämmer med mängden information som ges. Patienter upplever ofta att informationen som ges är otillräcklig och saknar relevans. God pre- och postoperativ information har många fördelar, då den leder till såväl ökad trygghet som bättre förutsättningar i det postoperativa förloppet. SyfteSyftet med denna studie var att undersöka hur kirurgiska patienter vid en hudmottagning och en urokirurgisk vårdavdelning uppfattade den pre- och postoperativa information de fick i samband med kirurgi. DesignStudien var en enkätstudie med kvantitativ ansats och inkluderade 30 respondenter. ResultatResultatet visade att huvuddelen av patienterna uppgav att de hade läst den skriftliga informationen de fick. De hade också uppfattat att informationen var lättillgänglig.

Aim: The aim of this study was to describe the nurse?s work at an emergency department trough a perspective of caring.Method: A literature review has been made of twelve studies published between the years of 2002 ? 2012. The focus of all the studies was on Swedish emergency departments.  Results: The researchers found four themes that they choose to use as a way of describing the nurses work in the emergency room as detailed as possible. These themes were: ?The emergency room?, ?the nurse?s job assignments at an emergency department?, ?the patient?s experiences? and ?lifeworld and communication?.

Background: Sleeping is a condition that is necessary for all people because the body isgiven time to recover. Studies have shown that patients found it difficult to sleep during thehospital stay and it turned out to be several factors that disturbed the sleep during the night.The nurse should note the patient?s need for sleep and take into account environmental andother sleep disturbances to be able to implement nursing interventions. Purpose: The purposeof this study was to elucidate the factors that interfere with patient?s sleep duringhospitalization and nursing care to promote the patient?s ability to sleep.

Syfte: Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att undersöka hur information når fram till patienter med hjärt-kärlsjukdomar. Metod: Systematisk litteraturstudie. 15 artiklar, både kvalitativa och kvantitativa, granskades till resultatsdelen efter sökningar genom databaserna Academic Search Elite, CINAHL och PubMed, samt sökmotorn Elin@Dalarna. Artiklarna som använts är från 2002 och framåt. De hade en kvalitet som var antingen medel eller hög efter en granskning med hjälp av granskningsmallar för kvalitetsbedömning.Huvudresultat: Det fanns behov för patienter och deras anhöriga att få information om patientens tillstånd och kommande besvär.

The purpose of this review was to examine in what situations patients with myocardial infarction could feel anxiety. We also wanted to examine what a nurse could do to relieve the anxiety. The results are based on eight scientific articles and one literature review. The results shows that the patient could feel anxiety before examinations and transfers. The patient's anxiety increased if relatives had anxiety and if there were a lack of information from the nurse.

For a woman who has been diagnosed with breast cancer, there can be many negative things that effects her life. It is a great shock that changes her life and can include a sense of lost femininity and a decreased sexual desire which can be both physical and psychological. The basis of this literature review is from 17 scientific articles which evaluate the changes in cancer patient's body image and sexuality during their illness and treatment. This study illustrates patient's experience of the nursing and difficulties which obstructs the nurse from talking about sexuality whit the patient. The study also showed that the patient had a desire to discuss these sexuality issues with a nurse..

Previous research and patient complaints to the Swedish Patient Support Committee shows that there is a lack of substance in the patient-nurse relationship. This may suggest that it can be difficult for health care to live up to health-care law which requires it to be of good quality, based on dignity and respect and designed so that the patient is an active participant and can make their own decisions when it comes to their health care. For a better understanding of what a dignified patient-nurse relationship is, this study aims to clarify what the patient values as good patient-nurse relationship and describe how they have experienced the patient-nurse relationship during their stay at an emergency care department. The study is a descriptive cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, where the population consisted of patients who were cared for at an emergency care department in the County of Västmanland, Sweden during 2007. The sample consisted of 93 patients which were asked to answer a questionnaire.

Individanpassad information är viktigt för att främja patientens bemästrande avsin situation. Det är också en förutsättning för att patienten ska kunna hävda sinrätt till självbestämmande, autonomiprincipen.SyfteAktuell uppsats syftade till att belysa betydelsen av sjuksköterskans informationtill cancerpatienter i öppenvård. Vidare om given information påverkadepatientens förmåga att bemästra sin situation.MetodLitteraturstudie gjord utifrån 10 artiklar funna via sökning i CINAHL ochPubMed.ResultatPatienten vill ha information om sjukdomen, behandlingen och dess biverkningarsamt framtiden. Detta minskar patientens oro och känslor av negativitet ochhjälper därigenom individen att bemästra sin situation. Sjuksköterskan måste varauppmärksam på informationssökningsbeteendet hos varje enskild patient.DiskussionInformation är viktigt för att öka patientens självkänsla och kontroll över sinsituation.

I varje kultur spelar kommunikationen en stor roll. Kommunikation är en process som både sändare och mottagare deltar i och omfattar såväl verbal som icke- verbala delar. En person kan visa känslor och attityder med kroppsliga uttryck om han eller hon inte kan använda språket. När det finns en brist i förståelsen mellan patient och vårdare kan detta påverka relationen mellan vårdare och patient och därmed också vården av patienten. Syftet med denna litteraturstudie är att beskriva faktorer som kan vara hindrande i kommunikationen mellan vårdare och patient med annan kulturell bakgrund, utifrån vårdare och patient perspektiv.

Information är en viktig del i arbetet med människor. Jean Watson beskriver i sin omvårdnadsteori hur information kan reducera stress, rädsla och ångest samt öka möjligheten att förutsäga vad som kommer att hända. Arbetet som följer ämnar beskriva patientens upplevelse av information i samband med radiologiska undersökningar eller behandlingar samt identifiera röntgensjuksköterskans möjligheter att stödja och hjälpa patienten genom undersökningen eller behandlingen. Litteraturstudiens resultat baseras på 11 vetenskapliga artiklar från år 1999-2005 och behandlar patientinformation utifrån ett omvårdnadsperspektiv i samband med radiologiska undersökningar eller behandlingar eller vid liknade undersökningar eller behandlingar. I resultatet framkom att en patient som inte fått ta del av eller fått tillräckligt med information kan känna sig orolig och stressad inför och vid sin undersökning eller behandling.

The number of HIV- positive is increasing all over the world and it's very likely to meet these patients as a nurse. The interaction between the nurse and the patient is characterized by experience and knowledge and at the same time the nurse is expected to act professionally. The purpose of this literature review is to investigate the nurse's complex of problems regarding the treatment of the HIV- positive patient by exploring the attitudes against HIV among nurses and how the nurse can maintain the integrity of the HIV- positive patient. Antonovsky's salutoqenic model, sense of coherence, has been used as theoretical frame. From 14 articles five topics have been found that influence the nurse's attitudes against HIV-positive patients.

Background   The patient's rights to self-determine their own health care is described in Swedish legislation and guidelines. However, due to infancy, unconsciousness, severe brain damage or certain diseases, some patients might be unable to make such decisions. Ethically difficult situations do occur, not infrequently associated with culture. Since the patient is vulnerable, there is a risk that the patient in the treatment and care can not be bothered to maintain right to autonomy and that the nurse violates patient integrity.Aim                 The aim of this study was to illustrate the nurse's dilemma when the patient refuses vital caring efforts.Method           A literature review of eight scientific articles with a qualitative approach was performed.Results           The results revealed the following domains to describe the nurse's dilemma when the patient refuses vital care interventions: patients? reasons for treatment refusal, the nurse's understanding of the patient's refusal of care and contradictory legislationConclusion     More knowledge and discussion of the patient's decision-making competence is needed for both the nursing profession and those who make decisions on legislation..

Background: Research shows that the nurse?s presence has a great significance for the relationship between patient and nurse. By this, the nurse can gain a greater understanding for the patient?s situation and thus have an opportunity to influence the patient?s health processes.Problem: Today?s focus on the technology and lack of time in healthcare can create a stress which can make it more difficult for the nurse to prove presence to the patient.Aim: To describe patients? experiences of the nurse?s presence in healthcare.Method: A qualitative approach, where Evans descriptive synthesis has been used. Eleven previously published qualitative, caring science, articles has been used in the synthesis.Results: The synthesis revealed two themes.