Palliativ vård innebär att patientens symtom lindras med olika behandlings- och omvårdnadsåtgärder för att främja patientens välbefinnande. Palliativ vård ska bedrivas oavsett var patienten vårdas.Syfte: Syftet med studien var att beskriva hur sjuksköterskor uppfattade den palliativa vården på kirurgisk akutvårdsavdelning.Metod: Kvalitativ metod med fenomenografisk forskningsansats har använts. Från två kirurgiska akutvårdsavdelningar intervjuades 15 sjuksköterskor.Resultat: Tre huvudkategorier identifierades. Första huvudkategorin var palliativ vård för en sjuksköterska på kirurgisk akutvårdsavdelning, med två underkategorier: innebörden av palliativ vård för sjuksköterskan och kärnan i omvårdnaden av en patient i palliativt skede. Andra huvudkategorin var hinder för omvårdnadsarbetet av en patient i palliativt skede med underkategorierna: tid, kompetens, kommunikation/information, bristande planering och dokumentation, resurser och samarbete.

Background: One in ten couples suffers from some form of involuntary childlessness or infertility in Sweden. Involuntary childlessness or infertility is when an individual or a couple has a desire for a child but are unable to conceive on their own. To suffer from involuntary childlessness can be a mental strain that can result in a personal crisis, where the existential issues become central and contested. Regardless of the reason for their changed life world is because of involuntary childlessness or infertility, it is always important for the nurse to have an understanding of individual?s life-changing world and experiences. Aim: The aim of the study was to describe men and women experiences of involuntary childlessness during investigation and treatment.Method: Selected method was a literature review. The study was based on articles from systematic and unsystematic searches in databases and analyzed from the chosen method.Results: Four main themes emerged from the analysis, 'The changing life-world', 'The mental strain', 'Perceptions of relationships and social life' and 'experiences related to treatment'.Conclusion: Being involuntarily childless and infertile create a mental, physical and social stress. Clinically, this means a responsibility to offer a personalized support. For the nurse it is important to have an understanding of individual life-world and how the involuntary childlessness affects them. .

The aim of this Bachelor?s thesis is to investigate the public librarian?s professional identity and its relation to the public library as an experience centre. The development of the library as an experience centre raises questions about how public librarians understand their professional identity, and about their motives for working with activities like workshops and qigong, activities that have no significant connection with the librarian?s traditional tasks. The data was collected via semi-structured interviews exploring the perspectives and points of view of four public librarians.

Bakgrund. Många patienter oroar sig inför kirurgiska ingrepp. Ett av orosmomenten är smärtan efter operationen. Smärtpåverkade patienter utsätts för ett lidande. Detta lidande bryter patientens naturliga förhållningssätt till den levda världen.

Background:It is estimated that one in ten children witness domestic violence. It is of importance that children grow up in a safe environment. When they grow up with domestic violence they can lose very important skills which can be hard to gain back. Children respond to domestic violence in different ways depending on their age. Aim: The aim of this study was to enlighten children's experiences of domestic violence in their home.

Background: Surgical complications has been the main cause of medical injuries and deaths worldwide. In 2008 WHO developed the checklist for safe surgery to reduce the number of surgical complications. The objective of the checklist is to strengthen already established safety routines and contribute to better cooperation and communication. Research shows that compliance to the checklist is deficient, which can affect patient safety.Aim: The aim was to study the extent to which theatre nurses participate in the use of the checklist.Method: Observational study was conducted with a descriptive design and quantitative approach. 24 observations were carried out with aid of an observation protocol of two surgical units at a hospital in central Sweden.Result: The results showed that Timeout initiated widely but compliance to all items was considerably lower.

Trots att integritet har ett fundamentalt värde i vårt samhälle finns det ingen klar definition av vad begreppet verkligen innebär. Syftet med denna studie var att belysa innebörden av begreppet integritet såsom det visar sig i mötet mellan vårdpersonal och patient. Studien är gjord som en systematisk litteraturstudie och bygger på 10 kvalitativa empiriska studier som behandlar fenomenet integritet. Resultatet visar att integritet är ett begrepp som inrymmer flera dimensioner såsom autonomi, att bli sedd som individ, att bli tagen på allvar, det privata rummet, fysisk integritet, information, kulturell identitet, social identitet samt förlöjligande. Trots att både patienter och vårdgivare till stor del delar uppfattning om hur integritet kan bevaras eller hotas utsätts många patienter för kränkande handlingar i omvårdnadssituationer..

Det är väl känt att sjuksköterskor ofta har en hög nivå av arbetsrelaterad stress. Syftet meddenna studie var att hitta orsaker till stress hos sjuksköterskor och hur detta påverkaromvårdnaden av patienter. Studien genomfördes som en litteraturstudie vilken omfattade 12artiklar med varierande metoder och upplägg utförda i Europa och Nordamerika. Orsaker tillstress identifierades och tematiserades i två teman; Hur påverkas patienten ochomvårdnaden samt Hur påverkas sjuksköterskan. Följande huvudsakliga resultat hittades:Hög bemanningsnivå visade samband med hög omvårdnadskvalitet, hög arbetstillfredsställelseoch låg stress.

The intimate connection between autonomy and decision-making in applied health care, especially in various kinds of consent and refusal has taken center stage in medical ethics since the Salgo decision in 1957. Prior to that time, the physician?s supposedly moral duty to provide appropriate medical care typically surpassed the legal obligation to respect patient?s autonomy. The Salgo decision concluded that physicians have a legal duty to provide facts necessary for the patient to make an informed decision. "The doctor knows best" long ago was replaced with "The doctor proposes; the patient disposes." There is no legal obligation for the patient?s choice to be palatable to anyone, other than that patient himself/herself.

I Sverige drabbas ca 35000 människor av stroke varje år, av dem får 8000 afasi. Afasi ger talsvårigheter både i att förstå andra och att uttrycka sig. I vården möter sjuksköterskan ofta patienter med afasi och kommunikationen blir då inte lika självklar. Sjuksköterskans uppgift är att ha en kommunikation där de kan förstå varandra. Vårdrelationen är nödvändig för kommunikationen och för att göra patienten delaktig.

Abstrakt Bakgrund: En god kommunikation ligger till grund för en god omvårdnad. Kommunikation är kommunikation först när den är ömsesidig, det vill säga att kommunikation sker gemensamt och går i båda riktningar. Patienters upplevelser av högteknologisk vård håller generellt låg kvalitet. Problemet uppstår vid bristfällig kommunikation mellan vårdare och patient. Röntgensjuksköterskan som till större del jobbar med korta patientmöten måste vara kunnig och effektiv i sin kommunikation med patienten.

The purpose of my study was to examine adoptive parents' experiences of adopting children older than three years of age. I wanted to look into what kind of information, help and support every adoptive parent had received. I also wanted to examine if the adoptive parents worried about anything concerning the children's emotional needs and in what way the adoptive parents prepared themselves for this, before the adoption. I asked the adoptive parents about their knowledge regarding the children's experiences from the time before the adoption and how things had been going since the children came to Sweden. To achieve my purpose I interviewed six adoptive parents from five families, with a total of eleven internationally adopted older children.The research findings of my study showed that a risk exists for older adopted children to suffer emotionally because of earlier experiences.

The quality of health and care of our animals in the veterinary clinic is dependent on the veterinary nurse. Therefore it is important that the nurse has a good mental health and can provide this. Research shows that veterinarians are exposed to an elevated risk of suicide, moral stress, depression and anxiety. One of the factors contributing is believed to be exposure to euthanasia. The impact of euthanasia to veterinary nurses is yet unclear, as research focuses on veterinarians.

The aim with the literature study was to describe how persons with dementia and health care workers in the geriatric care experiences soft massage and to describe the derived effects for persons with dementia. Scientific articles were sampled from the databases: Medline (Pub Med), Cinahl and Psyc INFO. The main results of the study are presented in three parts: how persons with dementia experiences soft massage, health care workers experiences of giving soft massage and the health care workers descriptions on derived effects on persons with dementia. The results showed that persons with dementia experienced a positive reaction to soft massage and the health care workers did no longer feel helpless in their care service towards persons with dementia. The studies showed that soft massage decreased agitation, wandering, pain and sleeplessness.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis is a common disease worldwide. The disease is described as a chronic inflammation that afflicts mainly the joints, the tendrons and the synovial joint. The inflammation breaks down cartilage, ligaments and bone. When the patient gets the diagnosis he/she frequently reacts with chock, denial or/and dissociation. Active support from the nurse can have an important impact on the patient in accepting and processing that he/she suffers from disease.