In Sweden over 10.000 patients annually, mostly children, undergo tonsillar surgery. The most common surgical method is total removal of the tonsil, tonsillectomy (TE). During the last decade partial tonsil resection, tonsillotomy (TT), has been reintroduced and is associated with lower primary morbidity and less postoperative pain. The aim of the present study was to evaluate if and to what extent 4-5 year old children?s voice function are affected by tonsillar hypertrophy compared to controls and to study the effects of the two surgical techniques on vocal function.

Background. Anesthetic-related death in small animal anesthesia is about ten times more common than in human anesthesia. Recent research identifies the early postoperative period as particularly risky and highlights the need for regular and careful monitoring of the veterinary patient during this period. Objective. The aims of this study were to investigate whether there are standard procedures in terms of regulated routine patient observations and record-keeping during the early postoperative period at Swedish veterinary clinics, and if there are any guidelines for monitoring the veterinary patient during recovery. Methods. A small survey including ten Swedish veterinary clinics was carried out as well as a literature review. Results.

Syfte och frågeställningarSyftet med denna studie var att undersöka om det finns någon skillnad mellan personer med ländryggssmärta (LS) som klarar eller inte klarar att utföra en korrekt aktivering av Transversus Abdominis (TrA), mätt med ultraljud, utifrån självskattad smärta, funktion och aktivitetsnivå. Frågeställningen är vilken skillnad som finns mellan personer med ospecifik LS som korrekt respektive inkorrekt aktiverar TrA gällande deras självskattade smärta, funktionsnivå samt aktivitetsnivå.MetodDetta är en pilotstudie av kvantitativ tvärsnittsart. Studien är en sekundär analys av redan insamlad data där 53 personer ingick, 37 personer med ländryggssmärta och 15 friska personer. Urvalet för aktuell studie var gruppen från den primära studien som hade ländryggssmärta. Det var 24 kvinnor och 13 män i åldern 18-65år.

Vi är två lärarstudenter på Uppsala universitet som i och med detta arbete vill få en ökad kunskap om hur kostundervisningen kan se ut på en svensk gymnasieskolai Idrott och hälsa.Vi vill få detta beskrivet för oss av både lärareoch elever för att få en så tydlig bild som möjligt. Vi har valt att använda oss att en kvalitativ metod då vi har genomfört intervjuer med både lärare och elever för att få våra frågor besvarade. Lärarna har intervjuats en och en medan eleverna intervjuades under en gruppintervju. Våra frågeställningar har sett ut som följande:?Hur anser gymnasielärarna att styrdokumenten påverkar deras kostundervisning??Hur beskriver lärarna sitt innehåll i kostundervisningen??Hur beskriver lärarna att deras kostundervisning ser ut??Hur beskriver eleverna att deras kostundervisning ser ut??Hur skiljer sig eller liknar lärares och elevers uppfattningar om kostundervisningen?När vi har bearbetat vår empiri har vi haft en teoretisk utgångspunkt för att analysera detta.

Syfte och frågeställningarSyftet med denna studie var att undersöka om det finns någon skillnad mellan personer med ländryggssmärta (LS) som klarar eller inte klarar att utföra en korrekt aktivering av Transversus Abdominis (TrA), mätt med ultraljud, utifrån självskattad smärta, funktion och aktivitetsnivå. Frågeställningen är vilken skillnad som finns mellan personer med ospecifik LS som korrekt respektive inkorrekt aktiverar TrA gällande deras självskattade smärta, funktionsnivå samt aktivitetsnivå.MetodDetta är en pilotstudie av kvantitativ tvärsnittsart. Studien är en sekundär analys av redan insamlad data där 53 personer ingick, 37 personer med ländryggssmärta och 15 friska personer. Urvalet för aktuell studie var gruppen från den primära studien som hade ländryggssmärta. Det var 24 kvinnor och 13 män i åldern 18-65år.

Ask any constructional worker and there is a high probability that this person knows a colleague with pain or other disorders caused by working with power tools.According to the Swedish Work Environment Authority 71 percent of the Swedish constructional workers is exposed to vibrations at least 25 percent of the working hours. Despite this, the number of reported occupational sicknesses caused by vibrations is as low as 1, 4 percent.JM Ltd. is one of the largest constructional companies in Sweden. Their main business is new housing and development of residential areas. God quality and low impact on the environment is a part of great importance in the company?s long-term goals.

This master thesis examines commercial video games and their relation to the concept of immersion and realism. Games as a communicative medium is quite a new area of interest within rhetorical research in Sweden. Most of the research conducted has, however, been focused on gaming and formation on opinion ? games that explicitly tries to persuade the player, unlike commercial games that focus on entertainment, that is. But that does not mean that commercial games cannot influence us.

The purpose of this study is to illustrate and analyze what the socializing process of the Finn­ ish woman looks like ant to discuss what contributes to the feeling of inclusion, or the feeling of exclusion. The questions asked in the study aim to classify what influenced the decision to move to Sweden. Furthermore they aim to describe what the life in Sweden has been like and what the socialization process for the Finnish woman  looks like. Finally I will study what kind of impact the change of life has had for the feeling of inclusion and for social identity. Initially the Finnish immigration to Sweden, through time, is described and then earlier stud­ ies relation to this study is accounted for. Then the role of social pedagogy in this study is presented.

Bakgrund: Långvarig smärta är ett stort folkhälsoproblem både internationellt och i Sverige. I Sverige används uttrycket kronisk smärta för att benämna långvarig smärta men det anses idag olämpligt eftersom ordet ?kronisk? associeras med livslång och obotlig smärta. Ofta har personer med långvarig smärta svårt att uttrycka sig och dela sina smärtsamma känslor för någon annan därför känner de sig irriterade, frustrerade, missförstådda, deprimerade. Att lindra lidande hos personer med långvarig smärta är en av sjuksköterskans viktigaste uppgifter.

Bakgrund: Hjärtkirurgi är idag ett av de vanligaste större kirurgiska ingreppen i Sverige. Smärta efter hjärtkirurgi kan hindra patienter från att ta djupa andetag eller att röra sig. Om smärtan blir underbehandlad kan det resultera i postoperativa komplikationer. Intensivvårdssjuksköterskor ska ha kunskap om postoperativ smärta, smärtbehandling samt regelbundet dokumentera patienternas smärta. Syfte: Att undersöka postoperativ smärta hos patienter som genomgått hjärtkirurgi med median sternotomi.

This work applies intersectionality to five Somali women self-narratives and focuses on their identities and positions in Swedish society, but also their relation to Somali society. Since people constructs in relation to the environment, this work studies the impact of environmental confirmations of their own self. Intersectionality is brought into the social work with an operational attempt, and shows how critics of power and interplay between theories and empirics can provide new knowledge. Intersectionality also demands some alterations of the social constructionists? idea of the ego.

As break downs of production transformers are costly and often result in long outages it is essential for reliability of operation that the transformers are manufactured to be robust. The aim of this M.Sc. thesis is to investigate if deviations should be made from the standard IEC 60076 ? Power Transformers in order to describe a robust large power transformer for procurement.The investigation has been conducted in three stages. In the first stage a definition of the term robust was developed in consultation with the client Vattenfall Vattenkraft.

The focus of this project was to characterize the occurrence of ESBL-­?producing bacteria in two irrigation water ponds in Southern Sweden. Samples were taken from two ponds nearby each other, from which analyses were made based on levels of community and individual isolates. Community samples were used for attempts for characterization of resistance patterns in irrigation water using the Omnilog PM-­?plate system. The growth of community microbiota in the presence of the following antibiotic substances was assessed; amikacin, gentamicin, kanamycin, penicillin G, ampicillin, piperacillin, trimethoprim, potassium tellurite and ciprofloxacin. Isolates were pure cultured using semi-­?selective media: LB, Rainbow Agar, mEnterococcus, 0.1 TSA and VRBD. A total of 177 isolates were isolated randomly. Each isolate was identified using the Omnilog GENIII-­?system of biochemical characterization. Further, the isolates were tested on Brilliance ESBL-­?agar for their ability to grow. Out of the total number of isolates, 30 were selected, preferably Enterobacteriaceae or Pseudomonas spp., based on their high similarity to library strain during the identification in the Omnilog-­?system. These were further characterized using Etest-­?sticks. Three selected strains were picked for further analyses using exogenous isolation for attempts to simulate horizontal gene transfer, and Omnilog PM-­?panels containing various antibiotics of interest. Selections of samples were chosen for molecular tests targeting plasmid-­?borne resistance genes CTX-­?M1, CTX-­?M2 and SHV. The method for assessing community-­?resistance patterns showed ambiguous data that was difficult to interpret; further optimization is recommended. For all tested PM-­?plates, generally greatest differences between substances were found among wells with the strongest concentration of antibiotic substance. A total of 175 isolates displayed ability to grow on ESBL-­?agar. Etests confirmed ability of isolates to resist many ?-­?lactam antibiotics and many were clinically resistant to certain substances. No plasmids were transferred during exogenous isolation. During molecular tests, a few matches were found for the CTX-­?M1 gene. Isolates analyzed with Omnilog PM-­?plates showed resistance to most compounds tested. The isolates showed greatest resistance toward penicillin G, ampicillin, amikacin, kanamycin and trimethoprim. In the study, it was established that resistance among bacteria was frequently occurring in the irrigation water, and ?-­?lactamase producing bacteria was very common. Extended studies are needed to assess the frequency-­? and occurrence of horizontal gene transfer (HGF) in this environment. Although some potential corresponding data is found, it is at this point not possible to determine whether the resistances are due to antibiotics used in veterinary medicine, human medicine or one additional reason is travel and trade. in irrigation water using the Omnilog PM-­?plate system. The growth of community microbiota in the presence of the following antibiotic substances was assessed; amikacin, gentamicin, kanamycin, penicillin G, ampicillin, piperacillin, trimethoprim, potassium tellurite and ciprofloxacin. Isolates were pure cultured using semi-­?selective media: LB, Rainbow Agar, mEnterococcus, 0.1 TSA and VRBD. A total of 177 isolates were isolated randomly. Each isolate was identified using the Omnilog GENIII-­?system of biochemical characterization. Further, the isolates were tested on Brilliance ESBL-­?agar for their ability to grow. Out of the total number of isolates, 30 were selected, preferably Enterobacteriaceae or Pseudomonas spp., based on their high similarity to library strain during the identification in the Omnilog-­?system. These were further characterized using Etest-­?sticks. Three selected strains were picked for further analyses using exogenous isolation for attempts to simulate horizontal gene transfer, and Omnilog PM-­?panels containing various antibiotics of interest. Selections of samples were chosen for molecular tests targeting plasmid-­?borne resistance genes CTX-­?M1, CTX-­?M2 and SHV. The method for assessing community-­?resistance patterns showed ambiguous data that was difficult to interpret; further optimization is recommended. For all tested PM-­?plates, generally greatest differences between substances were found among wells with the strongest concentration of antibiotic substance. A total of 175 isolates displayed ability to grow on ESBL-­?agar. Etests confirmed ability of isolates to resist many ?-­?lactam antibiotics and many were clinically resistant to certain substances. No plasmids were transferred during exogenous isolation. During molecular tests, a few matches were found for the CTX-­?M1 gene. Isolates analyzed with Omnilog PM-­?plates showed resistance to most compounds tested. The isolates showed greatest resistance toward penicillin G, ampicillin, amikacin, kanamycin and trimethoprim. In the study, it was established that resistance among bacteria was frequently occurring in the irrigation water, and ?-­?lactamase producing bacteria was very common. Extended studies are needed to assess the frequency-­? and occurrence of horizontal gene transfer (HGF) in this environment. Although some potential corresponding data is found, it is at this point not possible to determine whether the resistances are due to antibiotics used in veterinary medicine, human medicine or one additional reason is travel and trade..

Höftabduktorerna har en viktig funktion för nedre extremitet då muskelgruppen hjälper till att bibehålla bäckenet i rätt position för att motverka adduktion och inåtrotation av höften. Svaga höftabduktorer har påvisats hos personer med smärttillstånd, såsom patellofemoralt smärtsyndrom, knäartros och tractus iliotibialissyndrom. Om höftabduktorerna har betydande roll vid rehabilitering av dessa smärttillstånd bör interventionen uppmärksammas inom det sjukgymnastiska området. Syftet med studien var att se vid vilka smärttillstånd i och kring knäleden det gjorts interventionsstudier innefattande styrketräning av höftabduktorerna och därefter se till effekten på smärtupplevelse vid rehabilitering. Studien var en systematisk litteraturstudie.

The purpose of this report was to examine the schools views on its task to form good citizens and also the work with children and their souls and feelings. My question of issue was:? Which are the conditions from where you work with feelings and forming good citizens in school?In the Swedish learning curriculum for the compulsory grades, Lpo 94, there is a lot to be read about the schools task to form good citizens and human beings. One can also read that the schools have to work with the feelings of its pupils and also the issue of values. The results of my report show that the school has a responsibility to support the family?s work with the upbringing and the personal growth of their children.