Bakgrund: Litteratur som tidigare behandlat området visar att rollen som närstående har förändrats under 1900-talet. Rollen som närstående till någon som vårdas i livets slutskede på en vårdinrättning innebär en mycket påfrestande situation. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att beskriva upplevelsen av att vara närstående till en patient som befinner sig i livets slutskede. Metod: Litteraturstudien bygger på åtta vetenskapliga artiklar som har analyserats med innehållsanalys. Resultat: Det framkom att närstående ofta upplever att de befinner sig i en utsatt situation.

Syftet med arbetet är att belysa vad sju erfarna specialpedagoger menar vara framgångsrikt specialpedagogiskt arbete. Den ska ge svar på vad specialpedagogerna menar vara vägen till ett gott exempel. Hur uppfattar specialpedagogerna det positiva och framgångsrika arbete som ger elevgrupper och enskilda elever en bättre situation. Med hjälp av intervjuer vill jag se hur specialpedagogerna beskriver sitt arbete som leder till en förbättrad situation för elever och elevgrupper. Sammanfattningsvis visar mitt arbete att specialpedagogerna menar att allt gott arbete bygger på goda relationer, tillit mellan de olika parter som arbetar tillsammans och att en känsla av framtidstro kan frammanas. För att utvecklingen ska bli positiv måste arbetet ske på olika nivåer anser specialpedagogerna och omfatta alla skolans pedagoger och skolledning. Alla som arbetar i skolan ska ha en gemensam syn på vad skolan står för och ska fungera som modeller för elever och varandra.

The economic analysis of building contracts is an unexplored field within Law and Economics. This paper makes an attempt to cast some light over the subject and encourage to more research within the field. The main purpose has been to describe why the actual price in a public construction project often turns out to be higher than the contract price and offer a way of handle that risk. In the paper a model is set up that shows an optimal contract given expectations on actual price and gaps in contracts. Cost increases for the buyer can mainly be explained by two situations.

This study illuminates one part of the mathematic teaching in school, which is mathematical problem solving in groups. It examines teacher?s and student?s ideas about what conditions it takes to be able to learn in groups. Further on, it studies the importance of group structure when it comes to working with mathematical problem solving in groups from a process focused and/or a product focused learning. Through observations of student groups and interviews with the students and the mathematic teachers, the material has been compiled and analysed under three different headings: conditions for learning in a mathematical problem solving situation, importance of group structure in a mathematical problem solving situation and process versus product.

Denna studie är en litteraturstudie med syftet att se hur kunskapen ser ut om hörselskadade barns psykosociala situation samt hur barnen identifierar sig i förhållande till den döva och den hörande världen. För att få mer helhet och djup i studien inkluderas även döva barn samt barn som fötts döva och fått cochleaimplantat inopererat. Frågeställningarna omfattar de hörselskadade barnens mentala hälsa/välbefinnande, identitetsutveckling, sociala relationer, samt CI-opererade barns situation. Som en särskild grupp när det gäller hälsa/välbefinnande redovisas även hörselskadade barn med tilläggsfunktionshinder.Studien är gjord som en systematisk kunskapsöversikt där sökningar gjorts i olika databaser för vetenskapliga artiklar och litteratur. När det gäller böcker så har databasen LIBRIS använts och vad gäller artiklar har ELIN, Pubmed, PsychINFO samt ERIC använts.

Background: The oral health is a problem for many people with psychical disabilities. The reason for that is among other things that the psychical disabilities could do it hard to handle fundamental routines in the everyday life. Aim: The aim of the literature review was to describe how the nursing staff experienced their situation about their work with oral health in persons with psychical disabilities. Method: The study has been done as an overview and the data has been analysed with content analysis. Result: Two head categories were identified; barrier that influence the ability to perform the work with oral health and barrier that influence the performance of the work with oral health.

Families of children with disabilities often have many different contacts with professional representing different principals. This places high demands on their professional work together to meet the needs of families and use resources efficiently. The method used is a literature review which aims to describe what is needed to achieve good collaboration between different professions around families with children with disabilities, and that from an organizational perspective to examine why there are often gaps in collaboration and how this affects the parents' life situation.The theories in this study originated from organizational and sociological theories. The most central concept in this study is collaboration from an organizational perspective. The results show that the interaction is problematic, due to that collaborative organizations often have rules which are incompatible and a lack of accountability on who is liable makes impairment in the interaction.

Background: To be a parent to a child dying of cancer affect not just the parents themselves, but the whole family. Experiences of fear, powerlessness and anxiety surrounds them. Nurses need knowledge about parents? experiences to help and support these parents adequately. Aim: The aim of the study was to describe parents? experiences of losing a child to cancer, from diagnosis to the child?s death.

The objective of this study was to investigate how power relationships between journalists and politicians were shown in the fictional BBC tv-series ?The Hour?. We wanted to investigate how these power structures is narrated by the producers of the series and what impact the narration could have to the audiance of the 21th century.We choose to analyse a total of 12 scenes from all of the six episodes, which are all set in Britain during the beginning of the Suez Canal crisis in the 1950?s, all seen from a BBC editorial point of view.In our analysis we chose to use two different kind of methods, the first one was a situation analysis and the second one a text analysis. The situation method was useful to get a perception of the relations between the participants .The text analysis we used to analyse what was said in the tv-series and to interpret underlying motives.The fictional form necessitated a personalization of power structures, in the sense that each and every power was represented by a single character; political power was for instance represented by the character of Angus McCain.

Varje år blir cirka 100 000 barn i Sverige inlagda på sjukhus. De flesta har minst en förälder med sig under sjukhusvistelsen. För föräldrarna är detta ofta en mycket stressande och orolig tid oavsett barnets sjukdomsdiagnos. Hur föräldrar blir bemötta i vården varierar trots att det idag förespråkas familjecentrerad vård med deltagande föräldrar och omtanke om hela familjen. Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att beskriva föräldrars upplevelser av att ha sitt barn på sjukhus.

The aim of this study is to examine how teachers and school librarians view the concept of information literacy in relation to their students, and to find factors that affect their undertakings to make their students information literate. In order to accomplish this, qualitative interviews have been carried out with teachers and school librarians at four Swedish junior high schools. The theoretical framework of this study is the seven faces of information literacy developed by Christine Bruce. The empirical material has been analysed firstly by finding themes that are of importance for the work with information literacy, and secondly by placing the interviewees? commentaries on information literacy in Bruce´s seven faces of information literacy.

The purpose of the study was to describe the nurse´s role and experiences aroundpreparation of children in front of peripheral venous catheter (PVC) placement andblood draw. The study used a descriptive design with qualitative approach and wasperformed on a pediatric clinic in Sweden. Semi-structured interviews were performedwith seven nurses of whom the first was a pilot interview, which was included in theresult. The recruitment of nurses was made by a purposeful sampling, maximumvariation sampling, with help of the quality coordinator of the pediatric clinic. Thecollected data was analyzed with the manifest qualitative content method.

In recent years there has been a growing interest directed towards focusing on the importance of clear evidence for interventions in social work. To enable the measurement it?s necessary to develop concrete models with manuals on how social work should be designed. Evaluation of the benefits is made in relation to how well the method can detect evidence of clear measurable results. When measuring the result it?s of importance to emphasis on pre and post the situation, not the situation where social work takes place.

Syftet med denna c-uppsats har varit att öka kunskapen om socialtjänstens ansvar förbrottsoffer utifrån att en särskild bestämmelse om denna grupp införts i socialtjänstlagen (5kap. 11 § SoL). I undersökningen har både rättsdogmatisk och rättssociologisk metodanvänts. Resultatet av undersökningen har visat att brottsoffers situation under den politiskaprocessen har betraktats som ett strukturellt eller generellt problem och att socialnämndenbör bedriva ett aktivt arbete för denna grupp. Att det nu finns specifika mål för brottsoffer isocialtjänstlagen betyder emellertid inte att deras behov nu har ett starkare rättsligt skydd änandras.

Ukraine shares a long history with Russia. In the early 21th century, Ukrainians wanted a freer Ukraine. Therefore the orange revolution started in 2004 by the Ukrainians and had a positive outcome. The situation later became worse because of the economic crisis in 2008 and a corrupt president. The pro-western politician Petro Poroshenko was elected to become president in 2014.