This report is a study in voltagelevel in connection with regeneration of brake energy from the tramtype M31 in Gothenburg.In the act of braking, the tram M31 uses electrical braking where the electrical motors generates energy and if possible send it back to the overheadline, where other trams in the nearby can use this regenerated energy for its own driving force. In cases where no other energyconsumers are located in the same section, there is a resistance witch task is to convert this energy into heat. The regulation of this resistance appears to cause an increase in the voltagelevel into far too high levels.Investigations of the trams regulationequipment and its construction have been done. Further have measurements on the overheadline been performed in order to map the voltagevariations during a longer period of time.The result have been showing that the voltagelevel during regeneration often is as high as 880V-920V, more extreme values have not been observed in a large scale. The values are especially high compared to the nominal voltagelevel.

This thesis work has been performed on request by SWT (Scandinavia WeldTech AB). SWT manufactures, develop and sell ready to assemble building systems for concrete rafter beam applications. The beams in this system consist of a u-beam that is welded to a flange. To be able to fill the beams with concrete there is holes in the beams top end. The holes are made in a ?punching machine?.  These holes are cut out and the remaining steel piece is bent down in the u-beam.

En patient som ska genomgå en operation kan uppleva känslor som maktlöshet och utsatthet. Patientenkan även känna sig rädd för själva ingreppet och narkosen och vara orolig för hur operationen kan kommaatt påverka livet. Det är enligt kompetensbeskrivningen för legitimerad sjuksköterska och hälso- ochsjukvårdslagen sjuksköterskans ansvar att ge patienten den information hon/han behöver för att kunnautöva självbestämmande och delaktighet i omvårdnaden. Enligt Antonovskys teori om salutogenes ochkänsla av sammanhang kan en människa, trots sjukdom, uppleva hälsa och känna tilltro inför framtiden.Syftet med föreliggande litteraturöversikt var att undersöka om sjuksköterskan genom patientutbildning isamband med operation kan möjliggöra att patienten får tillgång till och kan använda sig av sina egnaresurser och den egna förmågan för att främja hälsa och välbefinnande. För att finna svar på dettastuderades forskningsartiklar inom ämnet och efterhand framträdde övergripande och underliggandeteman.

SAMMANFATTNINGPostoperativ smärta uppstår genom vävnadsskador i samband med operation. Numerisk Rankningsskala (NRS) är ett smärtskattningsinstrument. Postoperativ smärta behandlas oftast med analgetika, ibland ges även någon form av opioid, till exempel Fentanyl. En annan smärtlindringsmetod som används är nervblockader där lokalbedövningsmedel bedövar nerver. Smärtlindringen ska utgå ifrån patientens unika livsvärld.

As a consequence of increasing wind power installations in the Nordic grid the last years, the need for regulating power has become larger. In the Nordic grid, regulating power is mainly provided by hydro power. One part of the regulating power is called frequency control, which ensures that the grid frequency is stable and close to 50 Hz.However, setting the turbine into frequency controlled operation may cause stress and wear of the components in the mechanical control system. Frequency controlling implies large and frequent servo forces and longer travelling distance of the sliding bearings in the Kaplan turbine.Based on one selected Kaplan turbine, Selsfors G1, measurements and MATLAB calculations have been performed in order to determine forces and movements of the linkage system. With these forces and movements as input, stresses and fatigue have been determined as well as sliding distances, bearing pressures and wear of bearings during a typical lifetime of 40 years.The results indicate that no severe wear exists on the bearings during 40 years of service.

Bakgrund: Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) i nucleus subthalamicus (STN) och i kaudala zona incerta (cZi) har visat positiva effekter på motoriska symtom (rörelseförmåga och balans) vid Parkinsons sjukdom. Efter DBS har dock negativa taleffekter noterats, inklusive nedsatt artikulatorisk precision och stabilitet. Nedsatt artikulatorisk precisionoch stabilitet påverkar klusilproduktionen mest vilket kan resultera i att klusilexplosionen uteblir eller att multipla explosioner uppstår.Mål: Att undersöka artikulatorisk precision och stabilitet vid klusilexplosionen efter DBS i STN respektive cZi.Metod: I studien deltog 19 patienter varav 9 deltagare stimulerats i STN och 10 deltagare i cZi. Talinspelningar gjordes innan operation och ett år efter operation med DBSstimulering på och av. Klusilerna i talmaterialet delades in i tre kategorier, de med en klusilexplosion, de med två eller flera klusilexplosioner samt de utan klusilexplosion.

In my degree project I have focused on how to make it easier for ambulance personnel to remove a motorcycle helmet after an accident. During my research I have interviewed ambulance personnel from different cities and a trauma surgeon to get a better understanding of how they work today and the problems they experience. Some of the problem areas are that you need a lot of force to remove the helmet, that the padding catches the ears and that the chin guard catches the face. Since ambulance personnel always assume that there is a neck injury after an accident, all these problems make it difficult to remove the helmet safely.The result is a motorcycle helmet with a focus on safe removal after an accident, to reduce the risk of worsening a neck injury. The solution suggested is that a small part of the back of the helmet is detachable, to make the opening larger.

The Swedish Armed Force has a need to streamline the preparation of an exercise in tactical training for soldiers because the preparation of an exercise is currently laborious and time consuming when commanders manually share files to each computer that will be included in the exercise. The degree project was to create a file sharing program within the internal network of the Defence Forces? international centre (Swedint). The program is used by the training management to effectively start up an exercise where soldiers train tactical training in a simulated combat environment. The training management use this program to upload files to a server which notifies all the computers on the network to download these files.

En viktig del till att bli en framgångsrik chef är att finna en balans mellan arbete ochfritid. Går det att finna balans mellan arbete och fritid. I det långa loppet handlar detom att orka hantera hög arbetsbelastning och krav som stundtals tenderar att spillaöver på ens fria tid. Genom teknikutvecklingen är inte längre tillgängligheten ettproblem utan problematiken ligger snarare hos individen att sätta sina egna gränser.Den här studien innefattar nio chefer från olika branscher verkade iGöteborgsområdet. Respondenterna har intervjuats där egna tankar och reflektionerkring deras balans har varit i fokus.

ESAB is a world leader in production of welding consumables and equipment. The company manufactures, among other things, welding electrodes. A roller straightening unit is used in the cutting process to straighten the wire, which the welding electrode consists of, by adjusting some of the rollers during operation. According to ESAB?s standard and the European machinery directives, moving parts of machinery, such as rollers of the roller straightening unit, must be out of the operator?s reach.

Under en operation behöver patienter tillföras vätska. Det finns en pågående diskussion om vilken sorts vätsketillförsel som har fördelar för patienterna. Framförallt diskussionen om glukos ska tillföras eller inte. Förhöjda blodsockervärden under och efter operation har visat sig ha negativa konsekvenser för morbiditet, mortalitet och vårdtid. Det finns inga entydiga riktlinjer kring peroperativ vätsketillförsel.SyfteAtt se hur plasmaglukosvärdet hos patienter som tillfördes eller inte tillfördes glukosinfusion vid planerad kolorektal kirurgi förändrades över tid, per- och postoperativt, och hur detta påverkade diures och illamående de första fyra timmarna postoperativt.

In Sweden prostitution is by many considered to be a social problem that primarily affects women. To counteract prostitution is a political priority and as a result the purchase of sexual services is prohibited by law. Since the law that prohibits the purchase of sexual services entered into force it has been continuously debated and widely disputed. The aim of this thesis is to compare the image of prostitution found in the travaux préparatoires of the law with four sex workers? view of the phenomenon.

En viktig del av en nations säkerhetspolitiska ambition handlar om att skaffa sig handlingsutrymme. Detta görs genomen orkestrering av nationens olika maktmedel. På militärstrategisk nivå skapar en samordning av politisk målsättning,doktriner och resurser en samlad nettoeffekt, vilken utgör nationens möjliga militära strategi.Efter att det kalla kriget upphört har stora förändringar i den säkerhetspolitiska miljön för bland annat Sverige ägtrum. Sverige har därför förändrat sin säkerhetspolitiska utformning och Försvarsmakten och dess luftstridskrafter harföljt efter. Det svenska flygsystemet skall idag exempelvis kunna användas i av NATO eller EU ledda fredsframtvingandeoperationer.

In my degree project I have focused on how to make it easier for ambulance personnel to remove a motorcycle helmet after an accident. During my research I have interviewed ambulance personnel from different cities and a trauma surgeon to get a better understanding of how they work today and the problems they experience. Some of the problem areas are that you need a lot of force to remove the helmet, that the padding catches the ears and that the chin guard catches the face. Since ambulance personnel always assume that there is a neck injury after an accident, all these problems make it difficult to remove the helmet safely.The result is a motorcycle helmet with a focus on safe removal after an accident, to reduce the risk of worsening a neck injury. The solution suggested is that a small part of the back of the helmet is detachable, to make the opening larger.

In the beginning of the 21st century, a number of scandals were pointed out in the US. Enterprises like WorldCom and Enron went into bankruptcy, and inaccuracies in their account were made public. This led to the fact that a new law, SOX 404, was established in the US. The law says in its whole that enterprises must have better control of their internal accounts.The aim with this paper is to examine how the surrounding world of an organization with stakeholders as well as other surrounding elements, affect or force an organization to change, and how a changing process is introduced and accomplished.We carried through a survey as well as interviews at the actual organization. Furthermore, we investigated why the change has come into practice as well as attitudes and opinions towards the change, and lastly, how the changing process has been accomplished.