In order to produce grain in an economically rational manner numerous decisions have to be made. One of these decisions is what tillage system to use. The cost of the tillage system is a large part of the total cost in grain production. Different tillage systems result in different distribution of fixed costs, operating costs and timeliness costs. The price of the produced grain and cost of inputs also affect the best way to produce grain.

This Master Thesis has been conducted as an assignment of the Swedish Defence MaterialAdministration and the Swedish Armed Forces and aims to examine the Target Location Error(TLE) of a Forward Observer System. The targeting accuracy of the system is vital if the systemis to be used as a sensor for precision munitions. The analyzed system, EOI (FOI 2000), wasdelivered to the Swedish Armed Forces in 2007. The targeting sequence starts with deciding theposition of the system with a GPS-receiver, continues with methods where the north direction issettled and ends by measuring the distance, direction and elevation to the target. When allparameters have been measured the system calculates the position of the target.

Operationssjukvård krävs under natten för att säkerställa vården och hjälpa patienter inom rimlig tid.  Operationssjuksköterskan i operationsteamet arbetar tillsammans med opererande läkare med det kirurgiska tillvägagångssättet, samt ansvarar för patientens perioperativa vård. Syftet med denna intervjustudie var att belysa operationssjuksköterskornas upplevelser av att arbeta nattskift på en operationsavdelning. Halvstrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes med sex operationssjuksköterskor på ett medelstort sjukhus i Sverige, och efter en kvalitativ innehållsanalys av materialet framkom sex kategorier; Nattens ryggrad ? teamarbetet, Natten ? vårdandets tid, På Natten ? alltid redo, Natten blir till dag, Natten ? tidens tand samt Nattens charm. Studiens resultat speglade operationssjuksköterskornas upplevelser av att teamarbetet utgjorde grunden för ett patientsäkert arbete under nattskiftet samt att operationssjuksköterskorna fick en förbättrad möjlighet att fokusera på omvårdnaden och kommunikationen med patienten under natten.

The purpose of this thesis is to discuss how an instrument originally developed for measuring changes toward lean thinking inservice organizations in general should be adjusted in order to be of use in service organizations within the healthcare sector, andin hospital organizations in specific. The adjustments are suggested based on difficulties specifically arising when implementinglean within the healthcare sector.Thesis starting point is a pre-existing lean assessment instrument developed for service organizations in general. The thesis appliesa qualitative method and integrates literature from the health care sector and lean production movement with the expertise of tenacademics and practitioners in order to find difficulties associated with the implementation of lean within the healthcare sector.These difficulties then lie as the substratum for the adjustments suggested to be made on the instrument.The thesis finds that lean, as a philosophy, does not differ between service organizations in general and service organizationswithin healthcare settings. However, due to deficits in the general understanding of lean some adaptions on the instrument mustbe made. First, some words associated with production must be changed to words associated with healthcare.

Online shopping is growing and its turnover increases each year. Internet hastherefore become an important retail location for companies. Web shops lack thephysical room for marketing as well as face-to-face interaction between customer andsalesperson. Therefore there is a need to develop marketing and customercommunication methods for this way of shopping. In physical shops the customer hasthe ability to try on the garments and be pampered by the staff.

This report presents suggestions and recommendations on how to convert an old industrial building, built in 1958, to an office hotel. One of the main criteria was that the floor plan should be flexible. The building is situated at Jonsereds Fabriker and the study was conducted for Hantverkslokaler i Göteborg AB, the estate owner.The survey is initiated with study visits at various office hotels, together with studies of literature regarding office planning. One conclusion from the study visits is that meeting-places, where the different companies can meet and exchange ideas and services, are important. Another one, and probably the most important parameter when planning offices is that they should have windows.

This thesis of 15 hp has been implemented at Halmstad University, in collaboration with Saab Dynamics in Linköping. Saab Dynamics is a company operating in the defence industry where competition is tough. This necessitates new ways to increase efficiency in the company, which is the basis for this thesis. Saab Dynamics wants to introduce simulation driven design. Since Saab Dynamics engineers have little experience of simulation, required a user methodology with clear guidelines.

Laser for material processing possesses a number of advantages which mean that it has been and will be an important component for a wide range of industries' future development. Cutting materials processing is the dominant use of laser technology and has revolutionized the manufacturing industry. The aim of this thesis is to describe the principles of metal cutting by laser, how laser cutting is applied in practice and to identify how Swedish companies are using laser cutting. For the theoretical and technical description of laser cutting literature studies are the primary source of information. The empirical basis for the mapping of the Swedish industry for laser cutting is grounded on a survey; this includes Swedish companies that use laser cutting in their production.

Master thesis for Mechanical engineering, at the University of Lund. Incorporated in project Pondora.The purpose of this master thesis is to compare the existing one way packaging system with a proposed return crate system not yet available in Sweden. The comparison is focused on packaging handling in the grocery store.The purpose is also to investigate how operating return crate systems in Norway and Finland function, identify, the problems they have encountered and survey economic and technical aspects. The knowledge we hereby have acquired was subjectively evaluated in the thesis.The Swedish survey has a focus on meat and bread. The surveys in Finland and Norway contain all the products utilizing the studied return crate systems.We have surveyed how the handling of transport packages for meat & provision and bread is done in the store.

A change is gradually taking place in the media industry. Traditional communication channels are being replaced by new, electronic, ones (Johnson, 2003). Segmented marketing is gaining popularity, as the mass-marketing model is becoming more or less obsolete (Kotler et al. 2001). At the same time, the consumers? attention span is more divided than ever (Neff, 2004).

Fast pyrolysis is a method for converting biomass into three energy rich products: char, gas and bio-oil, where the latter is most interesting.  Pyrolysis is an endothermic process where biomass is heated in an anaerobic environment and, with the right operating conditions, up to 80 %wt bio-oil can be extracted. Key parameters for fast pyrolysis are: stable reactor temperature (~500°C), short residue time for gas in the reactor (<2 s) and a very high heating rate for the biomass. Today there are several different process solutions for fast pyrolysis, where fluidized beds and rotating cones are most developed. Bio-oil has compared to fossil oil: lower heating value, low pH and also polymerizes with time. Because of this upgrading is desirable for increasing competitiveness.

The development of higher education in Sweden poses new demands on higher education libraries. One way of meeting these demands has been to develop Learning Resource Centres (LRC), a concept that is relatively new in Sweden.The aim of this Master's thesis is to identify how the LRC-concept has been designed and integrated in three Swedish higher education institutions: Stockholms universitet, Lärarhögskolan i Stockholm and Göteborgs universitet. The thesis also aims at investigating what the Learning Resource Centres mean to the seats of learning, and in turn, the views of concerned parties in relation to the integration.The method used for the study is qualitative and based on interviews conducted with Learning Resource Centre staff, academic staff and principles or deans. In addition to this, strategic documents from the examined seats of learning are studied.Even though most Swedish Learning Resource Centres have used British Sheffield Hallam University's Adsetts Centre as their model, our study shows that the Swedish Learning Resource Centres of today have developed in various ways, due to local conditions; therefore, there is no definitive model for Swedish LRCs.In our opinion, one of the most important characteristics of a LRC should be its integration in the academic life of its university. There does not seem to be a "recipe" of how to conduct this integration.

The field of the social economy and of the work integration social enterprises (WISE) in particular, is for many a more or less unknown area. Unlike ordinary enterprises the WISE's are different due to their aim of integrating disadvantaged people through work. In comparison with other small enterprises earlier research has shown that the WISE's are dealing with challenges regarding recruitment, participation, leadership, sustainable business ideas but above all, the access to funding. The purpose of this essay has therefore been to examine and analyze the financial situation of eight WISE's located in the Stockholm County. The results indicate that half of the enterprises perceive their economic situation as very unstable and as an obstacle to their further development.

Sedan outsourcing blev vanligare på den svenska marknaden har det även blivit vanligt att i förvaltning upphandla sin drift i konkurrens. I ett mycket tidigt skede uppmärksammandes en problematik med samarbetet mellan beställare och driftentreprenör som innebar att fakturahanteringen mellan parterna var omfattande och tidkrävande. För att bland annat minska administrationen upprättades en självriskmodell som många beställare idag tillämpar i kontrakten, vilken innebär att driftentreprenören ersätter felavhjälpande underhållsåtgärdskostnader upp till ett visst gränsbelopp. Syftet med fallstudien är att undersöka modellens uppbyggnad och tillämpning samtatt analysera vad beställare och entreprenör anser om självriskmodellen.Studien bygger främst på primär insamlad data genom ett antal intervjuer med främst en beställare, Locum samt en sekundär datainsamling i form av en enkätundersökning besvarad av verksamma entreprenörer inom branschen.För att bibehålla det offentliga fastighetsbeståndet och för att se till brukarens bästa måste en förståelse finnas mellan beställare och entreprenör. Den lösningen som idag finns för att upprätthålla kvalité och service i en funktionsupphandling är att använda självriskmodellen. För beställaren fungerar modellen som ett incitament att funktionskraven uppnås och för att minska fakturahanteringen.

Aim?Rekryteringsgruppen? (RG) is an organisation that through co-operating with the National Health service aims at optimizing the ability for physically disabled persons to rehabilitate. RG is a non-profit organisation ?using physical and mental exercise for disabled people, mainly neurologically disabled persons.? One of the goals that RG wants to achieve is ?that the target group will be able to live such an active and independent life as possible?. As no previous studies have been done in order to review the adaptation of RG:s work and its effects on the disabled, the purpose of this paper is to examine spinal cord injured individuals perception of independence concerning situation of life, ability to function and physical activity.MethodData have been collected by using three questionnaires.