In the 1970´s the North American lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) was introduced to Sweden in large scale. The lodgepole pine affects its new environment different from Scots pine (P. sylvestris), leading to a change in biological diversity. Forestry today affects the ground beetle fauna (Carabidae). Habitat specialists associated with older forests are first affected. When the canopy closes again after a clear-cutting species that prefer Open habitats reduces and those who prefer mature/closed forests increase. In this study we compare differences in diversity and community structure of ground beetles in stands of lodgepole pine and Scots pine.

The aim of the study is to examine how different factors,such as views on how knowledge is produced and howlearning takes place, effect the way an academic librarymanages space. This is done by looking into how a specificlibrary, namely Library & Learning Resources (LLR) at theUniversity of Borås, by re-planning the building?s structure,design and functions, can support the students? differentstudying habits. The analysis is performed by using a theoreticalperspective built by a model first created by thearchitect Daniel Koch. The model is designed to look uponhow space produces meaning and knowledge.

The aim of this paper is to study in which contexts Muslims and Islam are represented in newspaper- articles in the Swedish press. The research questions are formulated as follow: In what contexts are Muslims and Islam represented in Aftonbladet and Dagens Nyheter during the years 2011-2013 ?Does the newspaper-articles in Aftonbladet and Dagens Nyheter reflect Open or closed attitudes about Islam?  My material compromises twenty-five newspaper- articles from the newspapers Aftonbladet and Dagens Nyheter during the years 2011-2013. The material became a subject for qualitative content analysis. This resulted in four categories, the categories were formed from the content of the newspaper-articles. The categories are: (1) Violence / Terrorism, (2) Extremist / Fundamentalist, (3) Islamic god´s state / government / Islamism and (4) Others.

IntroductionStatistics show a declining trend despite the many benefits of breastfeeding.AimThe aim was to investigate how new mothers experienced the care associated with childbirth, with focus on breastfeeding.MethodThe study included mothers who gave birth in a hospital in the middle region of Sweden during 2011, and who responded to an online survey (n?1000). The present study was based upon answers from the Open questions concerning dissatisfaction and suggestions for improvement and have been categorized using content analysis.ResultsMothers described failure in several areas, with a negative impact on breastfeeding. Many experienced that they had not been seen and treated like an individual, and that the healthcare staff had been unpleasant, impersonal, ignorant and stressed. Mothers wanted more credit from the staff concerning their own ability and some reported that they had been controlled and ?run over?.

The means to political participation at the local level in Sweden are changing and this change is analyzed through a case study. The first aim is to explore the forms of public political participation in Swedish municipal Älvkarleby, namely public question time in local government, citizen motions and Open meetings. A part of this is also to analyze he every day contact between citizens and representatives. The second aim concerns the reasons why politicians decide to support these means to participationThe empirical material consists mainly of semi structured interviews with local politicians, civil servants, participating citizens and local press. Official documents such as public minutes are also used in the process of creating an image of local participation.Local political participation is found to be limited but yet having the potential to strengthen democracy, provided that public decision-makers are Open to a dialogue with the participants.Using Kjell Arne Røvik's theories of organisational change, the changes in local democracy can be explained as being partly rational, partly symbolic and partly identity shaping political decisions..

Prisons are for many an unknown world, and few know about the prison culture which includes unwritten rules, power structures, interactions and relationships between inmates and correctional employees.While many think that Swedish prisons are too comfortable,inmates are facing extreme stress due to surveillance and detention, by depriving inmates their possibility to shape their own lives. When the inmates is deprived of control over their own life?s the penal system have great power to shape and to influence the inmates.The purpose of this paper is to investigate prisoners' experiences of treatment and exercise of power in prisons. Starting point is to examine what are the kinds of relationships between prison officers and inmates from a power perspective, if there is any difference between the closed and Open prisons and how the inmates affected by the structures that exist.Based on my overall purpose, and with my informant´s stories which revealed a number of similar points, four main headings were developed; Mass media and society´s view, and unknown world, interaction between inmates and prison officers and consequences.Prison officers with the role as a contact persons as well and other staff which work close to the inmates play a significant role by supporting through motivational interviewing and can help the inmates to gain insight about their life situation and actions. My informant?s underlined that a good contact person can either help or discourage.Inmates who contributed with their experiences express that there is a big difference between Open-and closed prisons.

In the urban planning debate of today, two strategies for city development stand out as each other's opposites, urban sprawl and smart growth. This thesis concerns a development project of the latter kind and aims to give an alternative proposal to new buildings and a park in a Swedish city block. The term sprawl is used for new developments on virgin soil on the outskirts of cities leading to a city spreading, while smart growth stand for increased city density through development on re-used land within the city boundaries. The latter are often seen as more sustainable in many levels and are also shown to have positive effects on a number of city functions. At the same time smart growth has negative consequences on other aspects of the city such as public Open spaces.

Horse-hair lichen Bryoria bicolor is a red-listed lichen species in the category Vulnerable. It is an oceanic lichen and it is often found on boulders and cliffs in a semi-Open environment with a high humidity in the agricultural landscape. The species can also be found as an epiphyte on trees, mostly in boreal forests in the provinces of Dalarna, Härjedalen and Jämtland. In the agricultural landscape, there has been indications on that B. bicolor show a decline, and this studie aimed at examining the extent and causes of this decline.

Den långsiktiga bevaringen av digital information innebär nya utmaningar för svenska offentliga arkiv. I arbetet med att utveckla system för att hantera dessa utmaningar utgår svenska offentliga arkiv ifrån en konceptuell rammodell kallad Open Archival Information System (OAIS- modellen). Syftet med denna uppsats är att bidra med en ökad förståelse för hur svenska offentliga arkiv kan hantera de aktiviteter som ryms under bevarandeplanering (Preservation Planning) enligt OAIS-modellen. För att uppnå syftet har existerande forskning på området granskats och kopplats till bevarandeplanering enligt OAIS-modellen. För att kunna utvärdera den existerande forskningen har ny empirisk data samlats in genom kvalitativa intervjuer.

Den långsiktiga bevaringen av digital information innebär nya utmaningar för svenska offentliga arkiv. I arbetet med att utveckla system för att hantera dessa utmaningar utgår svenska offentliga arkiv ifrån en konceptuell rammodell kallad Open Archival Information System (OAIS- modellen). Syftet med denna uppsats är att bidra med en ökad förståelse för hur svenska offentliga arkiv kan hantera de aktiviteter som ryms under bevarandeplanering (Preservation Planning) enligt OAIS-modellen. För att uppnå syftet har existerande forskning på området granskats och kopplats till bevarandeplanering enligt OAIS-modellen. För att kunna utvärdera den existerande forskningen har ny empirisk data samlats in genom kvalitativa intervjuer. Viktiga slutsatser som har varit möjliga att dra i denna undersökning är att en migreringsstrategi är att föredra för svenska offentliga arkiv. Det kan även vara lämpligt för svenska offentliga arkiv att frångå OAIS- modellen och lagra teknisk metadata dels i informationspaketet och dels i en separat referensdatabas.

Prisons are for many an unknown world, and few know about the prison culture which includes unwritten rules, power structures, interactions and relationships between inmates and correctional employees.While many think that Swedish prisons are too comfortable,inmates are facing extreme stress due to surveillance and detention, by depriving inmates their possibility to shape their own lives. When the inmates is deprived of control over their own life?s the penal system have great power to shape and to influence the inmates.The purpose of this paper is to investigate prisoners' experiences of treatment and exercise of power in prisons. Starting point is to examine what are the kinds of relationships between prison officers and inmates from a power perspective, if there is any difference between the closed and Open prisons and how the inmates affected by the structures that exist.Based on my overall purpose, and with my informant´s stories which revealed a number of similar points, four main headings were developed; Mass media and society´s view, and unknown world, interaction between inmates and prison officers and consequences.Prison officers with the role as a contact persons as well and other staff which work close to the inmates play a significant role by supporting through motivational interviewing and can help the inmates to gain insight about their life situation and actions. My informant?s underlined that a good contact person can either help or discourage.Inmates who contributed with their experiences express that there is a big difference between Open-and closed prisons.

This master thesis work was done by two students at Machine Design at KTH for Lesjöfors Stockholmsfjäder AB. The task was to develop a calculation program for gas springs. The program is going to ease the selection of gas springs for a given case of a lid that should be Opened. The program is going to be used internal by sales people at Lesjöfors AB in Sweden and internationally. The program is therefore written in English.The program was developed in Microsoft Visual C# 2008 Express Edition.

Syfte och frågeställningarSyftet med denna studie är att kartlägga vanligt förekommande spelstrategiers effektivitet hos manliga och kvinnliga tennisspelare under Grand Slam turneringarna Australien Open och US Open 2009 sett ur servarens perspektiv. Detta för att möjliggöra en generell jämförelse inom och mellan herr- och damspelare samt mellan olika spelares specifika spelstrategier.Hur ser fördelningen och effektiviteten ut av serveplaceringen i respektive serveruta?Inom vilket slagintervall samt i vilken zon i banan avgörs huvuddelen av poängen samt i vilken zon är effektiviteten högst?Hur ser slagkombinationseffektiviteten och slagkombinationsförekomsten ut ur servarens perspektiv? MetodEn utförlig litteratursökning efter tidigare forskning genomfördes med hjälp av databaserna PubMed, SportDiscus och Google Scholar. Därefter analyserades totalt 15 DVD-matcher från Grand Slam turneringarna (2757 poäng, Herr = 1714 p, Dam = 1043 p) US Open (2009) och Australien Open (2009). Totalt medverkade 18 ATP och WTA- spelare (9 herrar, 9 damer) med en världsranking på topp 30 eller bättre.

BAKGRUND: Leukocyter ingår i kroppens immunförsvar vilket skyddar oss mot b.la. angrepp av bakterier och virus. Vid högintensivt fysiskt arbete så hamnar vi i ett s.k. ?Open window? där vi är som mest mottagliga för sjukdomar.

The purpose of this thesis is to try to find out what effect subject oriented projects like Energiutmaningen has on the teachers, with a focus on teachers? physics education. What was the experience for the teachers who participated and what effects did the project have on them. Four teachers were interviewed through qualitative interviews. From the result it showed that the most experienced teachers, who have been teaching physics for many years, gained a new perspective of their teaching, through their participation a development showed in their education.