Bakgrund: Den postoperativa smärtan är en akut smärta, relaterad till vävnadsskadan som uppstår i samband med kirurgiska ingrepp. Obehandlad postoperativ smärta kan leda till fysiologiska och psykologiska komplikationer. Att bedöma och behandla smärta är inom sjuksköterskans ansvarområde. Syfte är att belysa de metoder som sjuksköterskor använder för att bedöma patientens postoperativa smärta i klinisk omvårdnad. Metod: Examensarbetet är en litteraturstudie baserad på sju vetenskapliga artiklar med kvalitativ ansats från sökningar i databaserna PUBMED, CINAHL och SCOPUS.

Syfte: Beskriva hur arbetstidsfördelning och arbetssituation ser ut för sjuksköterskan på en hjärtavdelning. Metod: Strukturerad observationsstudie av deskriptiv design med kvantitativ ansats. 14 sjuksköterskor observerades under 18 arbetspass. Ett kategoriseringsschema användes som mätinstrument. Data bearbetades med en kvantitativ analysmetod.

This study aims to examine the way of teaching swim lessons. In addition, the study also examines the actual swimming proficiency of pupils in the 9th grade in different areas in Sweden.These are the question specifics which this study wishes to examine.How do teachers define the ability to swim?How do swim lessons differ, regarding to which area they are conducted in? How many of the 9th grade pupils in each examined community passes the bar for swimming proficiency?What does PE teachers do if one or several of the 9th grade pupils fails to show an adequate swimming proficiency?How do results in swimming proficiency differ regarding to different schools in different parts of the country?MethodThis study consists of two major surveys, one based on material gathered from qualitative interviews and the other on material gathered from observations. Four PE teachers and one swimming instructor were interviewed, as well as six different 9th grade classes, with a total of 145 pupils. In the observation the pupils participated in a swim test, where they should swim 200 meters from which 50 meters must be on their back and were categorized in three categories.

This study is about to see whether the two models representing the strategies of lean production is to use and apply in different companies. The models are structured in two different ways in which one of them is checking the softer elements of lean production in the form of leadership and strategies. This model is called Lesat and is based on interviewquestions. The second model, called "learning to see" is about identifying flows. This, together shall then give an idea of how mature companies are when it comes to a whole in the concept of lean production, and susceptibility to use these models to their respective companies. The study is conducted in two companies, SKF couplings systems and AQ parkoprint.

Syftet med undersökningen är att granska motiven för, samt beskriva och utvärdera delar av det organiserade läsprojekt som sedan år 2000 pågår i arbetsenhet 4 på Gumaeliusskolan i Örebro. Undersökningsarbetet har sin utgångspunkt i den metod som i den traditionella forskningsprocessen benämns som observation. Observation ska här förstås som en samlingsbeteckning för alla de olika metoder som använts för att söka empirisk kontakt med undersökningens informanter. Backman (1998) För att få reda på vad elever och lärare tycker om litteraturläsning på schemat intervjuas i undersökningen sexton informanter, av dessa är fyra undervisande lärare i arbetslag 4 på Gumaeliusskolan i Örebro samt övriga tolv elever i årskurs 7 respektive 9. Även om den schemalagda läsningen i arbetsenhet 4, under de sex år som den har pågått, har funnit sin form och läspassen numera ses av majoriteten elever och personal som naturliga inslag i arbetsveckan är inte projektet befriat från konflikter.

Colobus angolensis palliatus is a small old world monkey inhabiting southern coastal Kenya to southern Tanzania. The species activity budget is known to vary between seasons and areas, probably due to differences in group sizes, diets, predatory presence and resource competition. The variations between male and female activity budgets are reckoned to be a result of pregnancy and lactation. The aim of this study was to investigate potential differences in behaviours between morning and afternoon periods and between males and females. The study was carried out in two forest fragments in Diani Beach on the south coast of Kenya.

Abstract The purpose of the study is to examine how children perceive the relation between play and sex and analyse it from a gender perspective. This by answering the questions: "Is the children?s choice of place, materials and company in play dependent on gender?" and "Is there a significant difference between the sexes and/or ages?" The study was done through twelve focusgroup interviews with three children in each group except two groups of two children in each. Eight boys and nine girls of six years old and nine boys and eight girls of nine years old were interviewed. Boys and girls were interviewed in separate groups and the questions were open ended and followed up.

Syftet med undersökningen är att ta reda på hur NTA fungerar på förskolenivå. Detta gjordes via intervjuer och en observation. Samtliga pedagoger i undersökningen menar att NTA fungerar bra även på förskolenivå, sålänge man bryter ner det till barnens nivå..

The purpose of this study is to investigate how teachers approach communication in their mathematics instruction. The communication involves concepts such as teachers' mathematical language, incorrect answers, and various interaction patterns. In line with this, the study also examines how these types of communication may affect students in the classroom. Furthermore, observations and interviews were conducted with five different teachers in Sweden using an observation scheme and an interview guide. The results reveal that four out of the five teachers use both child-directed and adult-directed language when addressing students at different levels of mathematical understanding.

WHO har tagit fram riktlinjer gällande fysisk aktivitet för att motverka fysisk inaktivitet. Fysisk aktivitet kan innehålla kondition, koordination och styrka i olika former. Har man någon form av fysisk, utvecklingsmässig eller intellektuell funktionsnedsättning bör WHO:s riktlinjer gällande fysisk aktivitet följas i största möjliga mån. I Polen, liksom i Sverige har varje individ rätt till utbildning. I Polen har alla individer skolplikt till 18 års ålder.

There are two objectives of this study.The first one was to study the new instrument Deltack fromPrufbau, and with the new knowledge, study the interaction between blanket and paper.Deltack is a new instrument to measure the ink splitting force. Blankets from an earlier study doneby GATF have been montered on 12 different Deltack print forms and those have together with Deltackbeen the base for this project.This study together with information from GATF?s study shows that some of the blankets have ahigher capability to adsorb ink. Those blankets generate a sharper shape on the force curve, they havea lower dot gain, but they print not as good solid..

Today?s Sweden becomes more and more multicultural, with a mixture of many different languages. Many children are raised to learn two or more parent languages. If you work as an educationalist in preschool you will probably come in contact with these children. The question is how you should treat them and ease their development of languages.The purpose with this work is to find answers to the question if bilingual children develop their languages by the same method as monolingual and how one as an educationalist can make these children?s development of language easier.The papers preface is a part of literature that describes different researchers view on the bilingual children?s development of language and how one, as an educationalist, can ease it.To my study I have chosen to interview three educationalists in preschool who all work with bilingual children.

As a consumer, you can use cards for payment more or less everywhere you go, however, it is not certain that the card can be used for all purchases. When a customer pays with card there arises a card transaction fee charged to the merchant. This is a big problem for businesses where transactions with small amounts are a large portion of sales. An observation at the beginning of this study showed that seemingly similar merchants have chosen to solve this problem in different ways. Some merchant?s refuses card purchases below a certain amount, while others accept card with any purchase.

This composition is an qualitative study about unemployment and working life. The point of the study has been to make a larger understanding how unemployment can perceive by the individual and how this person can see and plan for future working life. This has been study with help from 8 intervirws. The paticipants has been umeployed between  6 months and 5 years, and they have workt arleast 5 year before the unemployment.The study has show that it is many different components who contribute to how the individual perceive the time in unemployment and how the planning for the future looks like. The persons who has been intervirws perceive their psycal health as god,, even but unemployment.  The study has even show that all the persons in the study want to come out from the unemployment.

Background: One of the main concerns related to medical therapy is non-compliance to drugs. More than half of all patients do not comply with prescribed medication. Non-compliance to drug therapy leads to unnecessary suffering for the patient and there are no easy solutions to the problem. In order to create understanding for the individual patient it is important that medical staffs are enlightened on the existing problems concerning this matter. Purpose: To describe factors that effect compliance to drug prescription.