Strömstad is a small city located on the Swedish west coast. Urbanization and development is acurrent issue for the municipally, as for many other in the current situation. The municipal housingcompany Strömstadsbyggen is one of the parties involved in the extensive development that mustbe implemented to meet the changes and developments which the issue holds.One area that is of interest in the discussion is Rådhusberget - this due to the existing infrastructureand unique qualities that the area holds. In order to achieve the best solutions possible for the area,Strömstadsbyggen wishes to listen to what the existing tenants at Rådhusberget thinks and feelsregarding the area and its future potential.This thesis has therefore been carried out in collaboration with Strömstadsbyggen and has beenaimed at identifying the current tenants' thoughts and opinions in the existing area of developmentand infill potential. The aim of this work was also to investigate how the tenants value their homeand local environment in its current state, and what their wishes are for the possible futuredevelopment of Rådhusberget.To achieve analyzable results concerning how the tenants perceive these aspects, an extensivesurvey have been carried out which were sent out to all tenants in the area.

The cost of capital for traded companies is basically assessed on information from thefinancial market. Small and non-traded companies are lack of this necessary financialmarket information in order to determine an appropriate equity risk premium and tocompute the cost of capital.In the absence of financial information necessary for an external investor, it is difficult toevaluate a non-traded company with the Capital Asset Pricing model (CAPM), which isbased on the financial market information. It measures only the systematic risk, which isthe contribution of one share to the market risk of a portfolio. It is therefore important tofind models that reflect the small and non-traded companies? real business value and theirunique characteristics.

Strömstad is a small city located on the Swedish west coast. Urbanization and development is acurrent issue for the municipally, as for many other in the current situation. The municipal housingcompany Strömstadsbyggen is one of the parties involved in the extensive development that mustbe implemented to meet the changes and developments which the issue holds.One area that is of interest in the discussion is Rådhusberget - this due to the existing infrastructureand unique qualities that the area holds. In order to achieve the best solutions possible for the area,Strömstadsbyggen wishes to listen to what the existing tenants at Rådhusberget thinks and feelsregarding the area and its future potential.This thesis has therefore been carried out in collaboration with Strömstadsbyggen and has beenaimed at identifying the current tenants' thoughts and opinions in the existing area of developmentand infill potential. The aim of this work was also to investigate how the tenants value their homeand local environment in its current state, and what their wishes are for the possible futuredevelopment of Rådhusberget.To achieve analyzable results concerning how the tenants perceive these aspects, an extensivesurvey have been carried out which were sent out to all tenants in the area.

Bakgrund och problem: Efter införandet av IFRS 2005 har redovisning av goodwill visat sig vara ett problematiskt område rörande redovisning av förvärv och nedskrivningar. Studier har visat kopplingar till att tillsynen har inverkan på nedskrivningar. Den svenska tillsynen som sköts av börserna har kritiserats av både börsens övervakningschef såväl som av Föreningen för god sed på värdepappersmarknaden. Studier har visat att ett starkt tillsynsorgan bidrar till en jämnare tillämpning av IFRS.Syfte: Syftet med uppsatsen är att nå klarhet i hur den svenska redovisningstillsynen uppfattas av Large Cap-bolag i Sverige och hur tillsynen påverkar bolagens redovisning av goodwill.Avgränsningar: Studien har avgränsats till svenska börsnoterade bolag på Large Cap-listan som redovisar goodwill.Metod: Primärdatan är insamlad genom kvalitativa semi-strukturerade intervjuer med alla respondenter förutom med en person som intervjuades via ett mejlformulär. Primärdatan har sedan indelats i kategorier och analyserats med hjälp av tidigare studier inom området.Resultat och slutsatser: Uppfattningen av redovisningstillsynen hos de tillfrågade respondenterna är att tillsynen är bristfällig i sättet granskningen utförs.

Sweden is facing a shift in generation where the people born in the 1940s are starting to retire which results in consequences. Before the year of 2013 more than 180 000 companies will have to change owner. A study indicates that the majority of all Swedes in the age of 18-70 can consider becoming company owners.Only ten percent of the companies for sale will reach the company broker and another 15 percent will be mediated by legal experts and accountants. This means that 75 percent of the companies for sale will not be available for the public market. As a potential buyer this is a problem.

Bakgrund: Finanskrisen 2008 påverkade kreditmarknaden och konsekvensen blev att företag fick det allt svårare att få lån beviljade samtidigt som lånevillkoren försämrades. Detta borde påverka företagens finansiering då de inte har samma möjlighet att välja sin kapitalstruktur och på så sätt utnyttja de fördelar som lånefinansiering medför. Vidare är det fortfarande oklart vad som påverkar företags val av kapitalstruktur. Det finns få kvalitativa studier gjorda inom ämnet varför det är av intresse att studera kapitalstrukturen och dess påverkande faktorer ur ett djupare perspektiv.Syfte: Syftet med studien är att studera vilka faktorer som påverkar företags val av kapitalstruktur och hur arbetet kring kapitalstrukturen ser ut samt studera om det förändrats till följd av finanskrisen 2008.Metod: Studiens metod är av kvalitativ karaktär och åtta företag har deltagit. För att uppnå studiens syfte har en representant från respektive företag intervjuats vilket tillsammans med tidigare forskning och teorier har legat till grund för diskussionen i analysen och de slutsatser som författarna har konstaterat.Slutsats: En mängd olika faktorer påverkar valet av kapitalstruktur men den främsta faktorn är verksamheten som bedrivs, vilka strategier och förutsättningar bolaget har.

High brand equity is a great asset for companies that operate their business in a free and competitive market. Brand equity can arise from both product-related and non-product related attributes and may be viewed from many different perspectives. This study examines which different attributes that contribute to enhance brand equity from customers point of view at the Swedish market for agricultural machinery. The study have been developed using a comprehensive literature search in order to investigate the field regarding brand equity and brand image. The literature review results in one product specific and one non-product specific approach in order to examine factors that contribute to enhanced brand equity. This takes the form as one survey-based approach regarding the non-product related attributes which is examined by interpreting the extra value added by different attributes.

Biofuels are getting more important as EU plans to replace fossil fuels with renewable energy sources. Because of that Sveaskog has chosen to invest in developing the handling process of logging residue. The company has a joined organisation for handling both round wood and logging residue. They are also working at integrating the forwarding of the logging residue with the rest of the harvesting team. Sveaskog is currently extracting 44 % of the available amount of logging residue.

Background: The global capital markets have enlarged investment opportunities and thus also the sources of funds for companies which increasingly face global markets for their services and products. Huge capital movements show that investors are constantly searching ways to minimise risk and maximise returns. In the light of the substantial growth of assets in institutional funds, an important question for international finance is the degree to which institutional investors have diversified their portfolios internationally. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the international diversification of portfolio investments of institutional investors in Japan, the US and the UK and deepen into international diversification in portfolios of Japanese institutional investors. Demarcations: Institutional investors can use their power directly in companies or indirectly through capital markets.

During the last decades, brand equity has been a priority topic for both practitioners and academics. In accordance with the structural changes in the economic settings caused by the so-called "new economy", corporations being confronted with a shift on perceived business value structure from tangible assets to intangibles. On the other hand firms increasingly are adopting more responsible behaviour towards their societies. In this context, one critical question is to understand how corporate conduct may affect brand equity. The purpose of this study was to find how brand equity (BE) measurement methods embrace corporate responsibility (CR), based on a literature review.

Vilken finansieringsstrategi fo?retag bo?r anva?nda sig av fo?r att uppna? sa? ho?g lo?nsamhet som mo?jligt, har varit a?mne fo?r intensiv forskning alltsedan Modigliani & Millers identifierade samband mellan skuldsa?ttningsgrad och lo?nsamhet 1958. Da? europeiska banker a?r a?lagda med regleringar sta?r de info?r en problematisk situation da?r de beho?ver skapa ho?gre avkastning fo?r investerare, och samtidigt leva upp till de riskbegra?nsningar regelverken fo?reskriver. De ledande teorierna inom omra?det sta?r i konflikt med varandra da?r ba?de finansiering genom skulder respektive eget kapital fo?respra?kas fo?r att uppna? optimal kapitalstruktur.

Theability to beat the market is one of the most discussed topics in finance. Thereare very few investors that manage to accomplish this over longer periods oftime. Most of the financial research claims that this is impossible unless theinvestor increase the risk in the portfolio. However numerous of researchershave shown that it exist anomalies on the stock market which either indicatesthat the Capital Asset Pricing Modell (CAPM) or Fama and French three-factormodel fails to explain stock returns or that the market is not fully efficient.One investor that has claimed that the stock market is not fully efficient andthat it is possible to generate abnormal return is Benjamin Graham. Graham isone of the legends on Wall Street and he has shown that by using few variablesbased on public information, one can manage to beat the market over longer timeperiods.There arejust a few studies that have tested Graham?s criteria?s, however all of themindicates that they work but that the standard deviation might be higher forthe portfolios.

AbstractTitle: Level/Degree/Grade:Authors:Supervisor:Research question:Purpose:How the bank may improve its financial counselling ? A qualitative case study.Bachelor Thesis; Business administration; Corporate finance.Andreas A?strand, Anton Persson, Kristoffer Wedebrand.Hans Mo?rner.How may the bank improve its financial counselling to private investors using portfolio theory?Our purpose is to examine the advice, with basis in portfolio theory, the bank?s financial advisors provide to their clients, the investors, and how they can improve. If we can identify and point out areas of improvement in the financial counselling, we hope to raise the question and contribute with an improved financial counselling. Another positive effect we are hoping for is to improve the situation for the investors whereas all parties benefit from an improved portfolio selection.This study is conducted through a qualitative case study, where we used a deductive approach and collected our data through personal interviews.The conclusion that emerges is that the financial counselling could potentially be improved if financial advisors improve their knowledge in portfolio theory.The originality shapes through the opportunity to investigate a specific bank and because of that an opportunity to examine a specific case more thoroughly was created. Our thesis contributes with opening La?nsfo?rsa?kringar?s and other banks? eyes to how their financial counselling could be improved through new knowledge in portfolio theory.

Bakgrund och problem: I takt med de utvecklade ekonomiernas framskridande och enalltmer långtgående automatisering har mycket av ekonomins fokus flyttats från de renodladetillverkningsindustrierna till service- och tjänstenäringarna, i vilka det intellektuella kapitaletofta är en viktig hörnsten. Med denna förändring har kritiska röster höjts angående attteorierna kring strategiformulering och strategiuppföljning inte täcker in de villkor somkunskapsintensiva företag arbetar under.Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att utreda hur svenska arkitektbyråers strategier återspeglardet i branschen stora beroendet av intellektuellt kapital samt att undersöka hur byråernaarbetar med ekonomistyrningsmässig strategiuppföljning. Studien syftar även till att klarläggahuruvida, och i sådana fall på vilket sätt, denna ekonomistyrningsmässiga uppföljning skullekunna utvecklas.Metod: En deskriptiv forskningsansats har använts för att tillgodose studiens forskningssyfte.Resultatet understöds av kvalitativ data av såväl primär som sekundär karaktär. Primärdatanhar i första hand inhämtats genom intervjuer med företrädare för svenska arkitektbyråermedan sekundärdatan till stor del härstammar från forskningsartiklar.Teori: Det teoretiska avsnittet grundar sig på teorier rörande strategiformulering, intellektuelltkapital, kunskapsspridning samt prestationsmått som ekonomistyrningsverktyg.Resultat: De undersökta arkitektbyråerna har inga genomarbetade strategidokument ellertydligt formulerade strategier. Istället arbetar de utifrån olika kärnvärden.

Strömstad is a small city located on the Swedish west coast. Urbanization and development is acurrent issue for the municipally, as for many other in the current situation. The municipal housingcompany Strömstadsbyggen is one of the parties involved in the extensive development that mustbe implemented to meet the changes and developments which the issue holds.One area that is of interest in the discussion is Rådhusberget - this due to the existing infrastructureand unique qualities that the area holds. In order to achieve the best solutions possible for the area,Strömstadsbyggen wishes to listen to what the existing tenants at Rådhusberget thinks and feelsregarding the area and its future potential.This thesis has therefore been carried out in collaboration with Strömstadsbyggen and has beenaimed at identifying the current tenants' thoughts and opinions in the existing area of developmentand infill potential. The aim of this work was also to investigate how the tenants value their homeand local environment in its current state, and what their wishes are for the possible futuredevelopment of Rådhusberget.To achieve analyzable results concerning how the tenants perceive these aspects, an extensivesurvey have been carried out which were sent out to all tenants in the area.