The purpose of this qualitative interview study was to examine which approach experienced pre-school teachers have on children that seek negative attention. The study contains five informants in a city in the middle of Sweden and they all have at least 10 years of experience after their diploma from a pre-school teachers? program. The questions I aimed to answer were the following: How did the pre-school teachers define the expression ?negative attention?? What approach did they have on children that seek negative attention? What effects do the childrens? seeking of negative attention generate on their self-esteem and sense of security? How possible do the pre-school teachers feel it is to achieve the goals of the pre-schools? curricula that every child should get their needs respected and met, when they work with children that seek negative attention? The results showed that the teachers think of them as resources in the group and that they need to think of the environment around these children both at home and at the pre-school to better meet their needs.

Abstract The purpose of this degree project is to examine what impact working with physical objects has on children?s learning process concerning addition. We want to explore what addition strategies can be exercised using the game ?Twice as much?. We have observed children in school year 1.

The main purpose of this study was to examine own and social influence on perfectionismwith individual athletes. The participants (n= 96) of this study represented ten different sportsand their ages was between 15 and 44. An interview with four of the participant wasconducted. The instruments used for this study was the Positive and Negative PerfectionismScale (Terry-Short et al., 1995) and for the interviews questions was based on own and socialinfluence. The results showed that there was a relationship between positive perfectionismand own influence, negative perfectionism and own influence, negative perfectionism andsocial influence.

With this essay, I want to examine the image of Russians in the Swedish rural press during the second half of the 19th century, how rusophobia appeared in Swedish rural press and how the image of Russians changed during this time. To find this out, I set these questions:  ? How was Russians and Russia portrayed in the Swedish rural press? ? Did the view of Russians change during this time?The essay is written so that I have interpreted my empirical material to do a discourse analysis in which I analyse different articles that have been written about Russia and Russians in a stereotypical way. The source material used in the thesis comes from 41 news articles; the bulk of the source material comes from newspapers that were published during the late 19th century.Rural press reporting on Russia and Russians were in the second half of the 19th century mostly negative. Of the 41 articles that were examined it was found that about half were negative, less than one-sixth were positive, while about a third were neutral.The reason that many of the articles were negative has to do with Sweden's shared history with Russia, with many wars and territorial losses.

Titel: Negative campaigning: En kartläggning av politiska annonser i Dagens NyheterFörfattare: Olle Berntson och Eric SäweUppdragsgivare: Institutionen för journalistik, medier och kommunikation vid Göteborgs UniversitetKurs: Kandidatuppsats i medie- och kommunikationsvetenskap på Institutionen förjournalistik, medier och kommunikation vid Göteborgs Universitet.Termin: Höstterminen 2014Handledare: Gabriella SandstigSidantal: 31, inklusive bilagorSyfte: Att kartlägga omfattningen av negative campaigning i svensk dagspress under andra hälften av 1900-talet.Metod: Kvantitativ innehållsanalysMaterial: Annonsmaterial i Dagens NyheterHuvudresultat: Våra resultat visar att omfattningen av negative campaigning i svensk dagspress över tid har minskat. Andelen negative campaigning hade en tillfällig uppgång under 1970- och 1980-talen med en topp 1988, för att sedan slutet av 1990-talet försvinna helt. Under valrörelsen 1988 var andelen annonser klassade som negative campaigning som högst och låg på 13 %, för att under efterföljande decennium försvinna helt..

Time Perspective is related to mental and physical health. This study examines the relationship between Time Perspective and perceived stress where Time Perspective was expected to predict the level of perceived stress. Past-negative, Future-negative, Future-positive and present-fatalistic were expected to be positively associated with perceived stress while Past-positive and present-hedonistic were expected to be negatively associated. Measures from the self-assessment forms S-ZTPI, PSQ-recent and CES-D from 445 participants (242 women, 203 men) between 60-90 years were used to examine the hypothesis of the study. Two hierarchical multiple regression analysis confirmed that Time Perspective is associated with perceived stress and in part 2 explains it's variance, one when adjusting for demographic data (.R = .37) and the 2 other when adjusting for demographic data and depressive symptoms (.R = .13).

The largest project at the AICG lab at Linköping University, Cognitive models for virtual characters, focuses on creating an agent architecture for intelligent, virtual characters. The goal is to create an agent that acts naturally and gives a realistic user experience. The purpose of this thesis is to develop and implement an appropriate learning model that fits the existing agent architecture using an agile project methodology. The model developed can be seen as an online unsupervised reinforcement learning model that enhances experiences through reward. The model is based on Maes model where new effects are created depending on whether the agent is fulfilling its goals or not.The model we have developed is based on constant monitoring of the system.

Idag, inte bara i Sverige, bygger man mer och mer i betong. Betongkonstruktioner ses inte längre som något kallt, grått och tråkigt då man kan uppföra byggnadsverk som inte bara är starka och tåliga utan även med originella former och färger. För att få betongen stark, inte bara i tryck måste så gott som alla konstruktioner dock armeras på ett eller annat sätt. Dessa nya och ofta komplicerade former på konstruktionen ställer nya krav på armeringsmetoden som används, trots detta har sättet att armera i stort sätt sett likadant ut i många, många år.I den här rapporten kommer man att utreda möjligheterna för en ny typ av armering att etablera sig på en mycket konservativ marknad där utrymmet för utveckling och nytänkande är till synes mycket litet.Jämförelser mellan traditionell armering och denna nya cellarmering har gjorts, framförallt med avseende på projekterings- och utförandenivå. Detta har gjorts genom intervjuer med sakkunniga, både ute på byggarbetsplatsen och i armeringsverkstad.

Background: HIV/AIDS has existed officially for more than 35 years and is now seen as a global epidemic. The disease has claimed many victims and there is no indication showing decrease of the mortality rate. The disease is currently incurable, but antiretroviral drugs have good effect at slowing down the process. The persons who live with the disease are exposed to stigma and, sometimes, negative attitudes. The negative attitudes could affect the person?s willingness carry through the test.

Body esteem is the affective aspect of body image, which is shaped by social experience. Compared with men, women have a more negative body image, which is more frequently correlated with depression and dysfunctional thoughts, especially in the case of eating disorders. The purpose of the present study was to examine gender differences in body esteem and its subcategories, and to find out whether there exists a stronger link between negative body esteem and higher levels of dysfunctional thoughts in women. The relationship between body esteem, dysfunctional thoughts and mental illness was examined. Participants were 73 college students doing social sciences and sports training educations.

Theories about exposure and risk-taking in an everyday environment show a connection between parental strategies, parent-child relationship and exposure on the Internet. In the present study, the Internet is presented as an everyday activity. Negative exposure is seen as an outcome of risk-taking. The purpose of the study was to examine in what way parental strategies together with the parent-child relationship were related to the teenagers? negative experiences on the Internet, which consisted of three categories: 1) Exposure to pornographic sites, 2) Exposure to upsetting and violent material, 3) Digital bullying.

This thesis treats the topic of user-generated comments connected with news stories on news sites, meaning electronic word-of-mouth combined with PR. The writers have examined how different types of comments affect consumers' perception of the article and also what communication effects these comments generate in terms of attitudes, purchase intent and word-of-mouth intent. The results interesting to the news site owners, is that lots of comments and negative comments generate a negative effect by making the actual article less credible, attractive and worth reading (relative to the subsequent comments). On the positive side, serious comments imply that the news story is perceived as more interesting, than a news story followed by non-serious comments. From a brand equity perspective, the interesting results show that few comments compared to lots of comments, generate a better attitude to the brand, even though there is no difference in how positive or negative the comments are.

Theories about exposure and risk-taking in an everyday environment show a connection between parental strategies, parent-child relationship and exposure on the Internet. In the present study, the Internet is presented as an everyday activity. Negative exposure is seen as an outcome of risk-taking. The purpose of the study was to examine in what way parental strategies together with the parent-child relationship were related to the teenagers? negative experiences on the Internet, which consisted of three categories: 1) Exposure to pornographic sites, 2) Exposure to upsetting and violent material, 3) Digital bullying.

The mouse (Mus musculus) is the most commonly used mammal in biomedical research and can easily be restrained by both hand and by a device. Restraining animals causes stress that not only decreases the animal?s wellbeing, but may also influence the research results. The first aim of this study was to train mice to voluntarily stand still using positive reinforcement training. Another benefit of teaching a mouse to stand still is that you can avoid anaesthesia for some procedures.

Social a?ngeststo?rning (SAD) a?r ett a?ngestsyndrom som orsakar stor funktionsnedsa?ttning och fo?rsa?mrad livskvalitet. I fo?religgande studie presenteras fo?rklaringsmodeller till SAD med fokus pa? temperamentsforskning och reinforcement sensitivity theory (RST). Syftet var att genom explorativ faktoranalys identifiera latenta variabler i fra?geformula?ret ?Hur man var som barn? (HMVSB), som administrerats i en klinisk population (n= 100) och i en kontrollgrupp (n= 246).