Sustainable development is often pictured as containing of three interlinked dimensions- namely environmental, economic and social. ?Social sustainability? is a vague concept that is often thought of as highly context-dependent. This thesis sets out to investigate the meaning of ?social sustainability? in a given context.

This essay has examined the effects that new issues had on the four Swedish football clubs that are organized as sport limited companies. The difference between a limited company and a sporting limited company is that the clubs always have majority ownership by the 51% rule. Previous research on sport limited companies and on new issues has been associated with the agent theory and the pecking order theory in order to explain the effects.The thesis is a qualitative study with an inductive approach, where the interviews have been selected as the method of collecting data. Through the years the clubs have performed new issues several times. The study says that the clubs perform a new issue for two reasons, either for investment purposes or because they have a poor economy and must collect liquid assets.

Syftet med studien var att beskriva överensstämmelsen mellan elevernas uppfattning och Carlforsska gymnasiets menade budskap med ?The Carlforsska experience?. Eleverna i detta fall var elever som gick i årskurs åtta på Skiljeboskolan i Västerås. För att beskriva överensstämmelsen gjordes en fallstudie där empiri insamlades genom intervjuer, där det togs reda på om vilka skillnader och likheter som fanns mellan elevernas uppfattning och den varumärkesidentitet som Carlforsska gymnasiet ville förmedla med ?The Carlforsska experience?.

Consumer involvement in the product development process, co-creation, is being practiced by numerous companies. Previous research has investigated how consumer participation in co-creation affects consumer attitude. However, little is known about how co-creation affects the attitudes of the observervers of co-creation. The effect of observed co-creation on consumer attitude should be important when deciding whether to apply co-creation or not, as the observing consumers make up a larger part of the consumer collective than the participating consumers do. The paper at hand aims to investigate how observed co-creation affects consumer attitude and purchase intentions.

Aim: The purpose of this study is to examine and analyze how insurance companies work to create value and confidence in their brands and then compare whether consumers perceive brands as companies seek.Method: The study is a gap analysis of both qualitative and quantitative in nature containing both interviews with insurance companies and a survey carried out on consumers. The study has been developed by analytical induction.Data: Consists of interviews with representatives from the insurance companies and survey responses from 99 consumers.Conclusion: From the study it can be concluded that the insurance industry is unique in its kind as a difficulty and complexity is obviously applicable to convey an overall impression to the consumer, which in turn will produce a brand value to the company. Creating a high brand value through good marketing where it maintained a good congruence between firms striving and consumer perception, is according to the scientists complicated because the lack of perceived quality affects the the big picture..

Bemanningsbranschen växer och allt fler personer blir anställda via bemanningsföretag. Bemanningsföretagens viktigaste uppgift är att öka flexibiliteten på arbetsmarknaden. De gör det lättare för företagen att snabbt anpassa arbetsstyrkan till efterfrågan. Samtidigt finns problem och risker med att hyra in personal. Flertalet studier kring dessa problem tangerar ämnena motivation och/eller inhyrda medarbetare, men forskningen är begränsad vad gäller inhyrda medarbetares motivation.

In this paper, I am using a critical discourse analysis a la Fairclough to examin how various actors talk about the group of unemployed youths in the 52 articles from Dagens Nyheter and Svenska Dagbladet. What?s written in media often portrays different ideas that individuals use in social practice. My theoretical points are social constructivism, risk-, expert-, and media society. Four themes crystallized in the analysis; young and unemployed, education, jobbgaratin and youth and labor market.

Engineers are a group of individuals who are attractive when companies are in need for competence in technology. Today it is a shortage of these competences in the labor market. Because of this there has grown a competition among companies when they strive to recruit the best engineers. Therefore companies spend more resources on marketing themselves as an attractive employer. This study was set out to find what engineers think is an attractive employer through a demographic perspective.

Hur kan sponsring stärka ett företags varumärke och vilka skillnaderoch likheter finns det mellan hur tjänsteföretag och producerandeföretag använder sig av sponsring i syfte att stärka varumärket?Syftet är att studera hur företag använder sig av sponsring i avsikt att stärkavarumärket samt identifiera skillnader och likheter mellantjänsteföretags och producerande företags sponsringsverksamheter.En tvärsnittsstudie har genomförts på fyra fallföretag. Primärdatansamlades in genom semistrukturerade personliga intervjuer.Den teoretiska referensramen baseras på vår modifieradeundersökningsmodell, AEGM-modellen, som är utformad utifrånbefintliga teorier inom ämnesområdena varumärke och sponsring.Empiri i form av presentation av de undersökta företagens sponsringsverksamhet ochintervjupersonernas syn på hur företagen använder sponsring i syfteatt stärka varumärket.Slutsats: Det förefaller skillnader, men även många likheter, mellan hurtjänsteföretag och producerande företag använder sig av sponsring.Ett varumärke kan stärkas med hjälp av sponsring, exempelvis genomatt kunden involveras i arrangemanget och att sponsringenkombineras med andra marknadsföringsaktiviteter..

The purpose of the study is to examine how retailing trough brand owned outlet stores effectsthe fashion brand. The problem that the essay is aimed to solve is how the fashion brand isinfluenced by selling through outlets and what opportunities and risks it has on the brand. Thestudy has been carried out by qualitative methods using interviews to answer the questionformulation. Three empirical perspectives have been chosen; an expert-, business- andconsumer perspective which have been linked up with three applicable theories. The fashionbrand Acne and its two stores; the flagship store and the outlet store have been chosen as acase study.

Titel:                                   Hur väljer företag rätt celebritet? ? En studie om företags tillvägagångssätt för att lyckas med celebrity endorsement Syfte:                                  Syftet med denna uppsats är att beskriva och öka förståelsen för hur företag väljer celebrity endorser och hur detta val kan påverka deras varumärke.Teoretisk referensram:    Teoriavsnittet inleds med förklaring av varumärke och brand equity. Avsnittet avslutas med att celebrity endorsement presenteras.Metod:                               Uppsatsen är en kvalitativ studie med deduktiv ansats där tre semistrukturerade intervjuer har utförts. De fallföretag som intervjuats använder sig alla av celebrity endorsement och är kunniga inom området.Empiri:                              I detta avsnitt presenteras materialet från tre intervjuer med våra fallföretag.        Slutsats:                             Uppsatsens slutsats är att företag måste göra noggranna undersökningar kring varumärket och celebriteten för att valet av celebritet ska bli rätt och att användningen av celebrity endorsement blir lyckad.

Aim: The aim of our study is to analyze and evaluate from a marketing perspective how estate agents can use facebook to strengthen their brand. Method: We have used an inductive study form where we?ve used a quality and a quantity data gathering method. The data has been gathered from an interview with Botkyrkabyggens marketing coordinator and from an internet survey based on a convience selection and a snow ball selection.Theory: SWOT, Brand Equity, Word of Mouth, Customer Relationship ManagementConclusion: Facebook can create and measure "word of mouth" effects, and also create better information management and flow of information compared to traditional marketing for an estate agent. The risks of facebook is the difficulty in educating the staff about the site and the fact that facebook dominates the policies and rules which suddenly can change.

The banking industry is a fundamental part of the economy in Sweden. Despite its importance, the competition and the concentration level within the Swedish banking sector is relatively unexplored. This paper aims to examine the development of the concentration level in the Swedish banking sector during a period of ten years, 2003 to 2013. The examined banks in the study are the four largest banks in Sweden; Handelsbanken, Nordea, SEB and Swedbank, and four selected niche banks, ICA banken, Ikano Bank, Länförsäkringar Bank and Skandiabanken. In order to examine the development in percentage change, there are six selected variables; loans, deposits and borrowings (both public and households), net interest income and return on equity, which are observed during a period of ten years.

Bankruptcy is a problem for the society in form of high costs for including suppliers, customers, employees, investors, banks, insurance companies etc. The purpose of this study is to confirm or dismiss a bankruptcy prediction model that has been developed in a previous Swedish study, in order to predict bankruptcy with help of specific key figures. The model has only been tested in a larger perspective where the population consisted of all small firms in Sweden, in this study the model´s reliability is tested by that it instead been applied to a minor perspective, where the population only includes Stockholm. With a quantitative approach of 12 different key figures from a total of 60 Swedish smaller registered companies in Stockholm between the years 2005-2007, has been studied. The companies are divided into two groups, companies with good financial health and companies that have ended up in bankruptcy.The results shows that the model is applicable in a smaller population, but some of the key figures do not generate essential or any type of information about bankruptcy, but the majority of the key figures in the model did.

Titel:                                   Hur väljer företag rätt celebritet? ? En studie om företags tillvägagångssätt för att lyckas med celebrity endorsement Syfte:                                  Syftet med denna uppsats är att beskriva och öka förståelsen för hur företag väljer celebrity endorser och hur detta val kan påverka deras varumärke.Teoretisk referensram:    Teoriavsnittet inleds med förklaring av varumärke och brand equity. Avsnittet avslutas med att celebrity endorsement presenteras.Metod:                               Uppsatsen är en kvalitativ studie med deduktiv ansats där tre semistrukturerade intervjuer har utförts. De fallföretag som intervjuats använder sig alla av celebrity endorsement och är kunniga inom området.Empiri:                              I detta avsnitt presenteras materialet från tre intervjuer med våra fallföretag.        Slutsats:                             Uppsatsens slutsats är att företag måste göra noggranna undersökningar kring varumärket och celebriteten för att valet av celebritet ska bli rätt och att användningen av celebrity endorsement blir lyckad.