Decubitus innebär onödigt lidande för patienter som drabbas. Genom att använda sig av rekommenderade behandlings- och omvårdnadsåtgärder kan detta lidande förhindras. Syftet med litteraturstudien är att undersöka sjuksköterskors attityder, kunskaper och kunskapsinhämtning, hur ny kunskap implementeras samt i vilken utsträckning EPUAP:s rekommendationer för prevention följs. Metoden som används är databassökning. Tio artiklar har granskats och ligger till grund för resultaten som besvarar frågeställningarna.

This report is a study of Swedish traditional ships and their safety organization. The focus is on how the non-profit organizations that operate the traditional ships can adapt to current regulations in the best way. Initially a background on traditional ships, their organization and regulations that regulates them will be presented.The study is focused on which parts that can be more important in the safety organizations for traditional ships. The questions also includes if a non-profit organization might affect the safety and how the role as designated person should be handled in these organizations. Furthermore the study addresses how a non-profit organization that operates traditional ships might improve their safety organization.The information is gathered by interviews with persons that work with safety, controls safety organizations or is active in organizations that operate traditional ships.

Background: This paper was performed by a student in the Public Health Sciences program at the University of Gothenburg as a mandate from the district administration (SDF) Askim-Frölunda-Högsbo in Gothenburg. The assignment was formed on the basis of a need for a new service with a family-centered approach in the form of a family center for families with children aged 6-12 years. The family center will be located in the Frölunda area.Aim: The purpose of this paper was to describe and deepen the understanding of the concept of a family center from a public health perspective. A particular focus was put on interventions that are aimed at children aged 6-12 years.Method: Walker and Avants (2011) model for concept analysisResults: The defined attributes that the analysis led to were the following: Collaboration, Health Promotion, Prevention and Support services and the Visitors. The created model case and the borderline cases showed a clearer picture of the concepts meaning.

Uppsatsens syfte har varit att belysa hur socialsekreterare iutredningssammanhang kan bidra till en hälsobefrämjande sexuell hälsaför ungdomar. Genom studiens frågeställningar har ambitionen även varitatt synliggöra vilket utrymme som ämnet sexuell hälsa ges iutredningssamtal med ungdomar. Empirin bygger på semistruktureradeintervjuer med sju socialsekreterare, som arbetar i fyra olika kommunermed utredning av barn och ungdomar inom socialtjänsten. De teoretiskaverktyg som vi använt för att analysera, är valda efter en tematisering utavempirin, studien har därmed en induktiv forskningsansats. De teoretiskaverktyg som analys och resultat bygger på är risk, prevention ochgräsrotsbyråkrati.

In Uganda, small scale pig production plays a major role for households to earn a living and to secure their access to meat. Piglet mortality due to diar-rhoea-related dieseases is high. In an attempt to understand the underlying causes for this high mortality this study aims to investigate the role of trans-missible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) and is a part of a larger project con-ducted at Makerere university in Uganda. A complicating factor in this investigation is the porcine respiratory corona-virus (PRCV), a stabile mutant form of the TGE virus. The occurrence of this virus had shown to alter the impact of TGEV in e.g. Europe and North Amer-ica.

This thesis concerns waste management on construction sites and was conducted on behalf of ICA Fastigheter.Areas of concern:How can an environmentally-efficient waste management system on construction sites be defined? What potential exists for exploiting the waste resources that are generated?How can the waste management be optimised by reducing the quantity of waste and by optimal sorting?How can the client of a project influence the waste management?The purpose of the work was to investigate sustainable waste management in the building and construction sector and to highlight waste as a resource from an environmental and economic perspective.The aim of the work was to define an environmentally-efficient waste management system, to analyse the potential that exists in waste management and to draw up guidelines for optimal waste management.The method consisted of a literature study, two visits to construction sites and four interviews.An environmentally-efficient waste management system means that the waste is managed in the following order of priority:Prevention     Reuse  Recycling     Energy recoveryLandfill     The prevention of waste is an important area that has not been adequately explored by the building and construction industry. The quantities of waste could decrease with the implementation of measures such as ordering materials in the dimensions required, prefabricated components, logistics centres with Just-In-Time deliveries, less and improved packaging and less wrapping. The reuse of waste materials and temporary apparatus as well as the use of a return pallet system are examples of reuse that reduces the quantities of waste.In most cases the source sorting work is a matter of course and the proportion going to landfill is down at a low level. The source sorting can be optimised by sorting all materials that can be reused and recycled to use them as a resource.

Idag är det 1500 personer som varje år tar sitt liv i Sverige, vilket är 28 personer varje vecka. Det är lika många som i en vanlig skolklass. Preventionsåtgärder finns och används, men då många av dem som tar sina liv tidigare varit i kontakt med vården, kan slutsatsen dras att preventionerna måste vara ofullständiga.Syftet med den här litteraturstudien var att beskriva vårdpersonals preventionsåtgärder i vården av personer med självmordsrisk.Studien utfördes som en litteraturstudie, där vetenskapligt material samlades in från olika databaser. Materialet som framkom fokuserade på sjuksköterskans preventiva åtgärder för dem som vill ta sitt liv.Under analysen av materialet framträdde det fem olika kategorier. Att utöka kunskapen, identifiering av riskfaktorer, ett terapeutiskt förhållande, utbildning för allmänheten och anhörigas funktion.

Occupational Health Service (OHS) has an important role in society. It is designed to prevent illness and strengthen the health of workers. OHS operations and development are currently being studied at the School of Technology and Health at the Royal Institute of Technology in Sweden. One of the industries studied is the home maker service. During the 2010s were such employees one of the most ill groups in Sweden.This master's thesis in occupational environment development and change management focus on examining the special knowledge an OHS and its clients in one home maker service need to strengthen the workers of the industry and find out how the interaction between OHS and home maker service works and how it could be evolved.A qualitative study was conducted in a Swedish city on the basis of an organizational perspective.

Ljumskskador tillhör en av de vanligaste skadorna inom fotboll och håller många spelare borta från match och träning. Det finns faktorer som utsätter en spelare för ökad risk att skada sig och dessa är viktiga att känna till för att förstå orsakerna till att skada uppstår samt för att kunna förebygga skador med preventiv träning. Syftet med studien var att granska den vetenskapliga litteraturen avseende riskfaktorer och prevention för ljumskskador inom fotboll. En litteratursökning gjordes i databaserna PubMed, Cinahl och AMED vilket resulterade i att 20 artiklar inkluderades. Artiklarna kvalitetsgranskades och poängsattes med PEDro-scale eller ?Bedömningsmall för riskfaktorer?.

Bakgrund: Sedan januari 2010 ingår vaccin mot humant papillomvirus i det svenska barnvaccinationsprogrammet. Beslutet att vaccinera eller inte vaccinera sina barn kan vara svårt för föräldrar. Syfte: Var att beskriva föräldrars kunskap om och attityd till vaccin mot humant papillomvirus och hur det inverkar på deras beslut att vaccinera sina barn. Design: Mixed-methods research integrated design. Metod: Beskrivande litteraturstudie.

The Arctic region appears as a pristine remote environment, yet there is increasing evidence that it is greatly impacted by pollution such as lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg). In this environment deposition of Hg has increased threefold since the last industrial revolution. In this study five cryosolic soil profiles within non-sorted circles (NSC) in the Abisko region, northwest of Sweden, has been analyzed to improve our understanding regarding how pollutants are distributed within such type of soil. The soil samples have been analyzed with the use of X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF), for the measurements of the total concentrations of e.g. lead (Pb) and zirconium (Zr).

Introduction: Child maltreatment, perpetrated by a caregiver, is a major health problem. The child suffers not only at the instance the abuse or maltreatment occurs, the consequences may persist into adulthood. The specialist nurse in child health (CHN), who works at a child health care unit, comes across almost every child growing up in Sweden. The CHN has an opportunity to implement primary prevention with the family during the child's first years. Aim: The aim of this study is to describe the CHN experiences regarding primary prevention to avoid domestic child maltreatment.

The purpose of this study is to do a research about some pedagogues? perceptions of the social phenomenon of bullying, about the roles that can occur and how these pedagogues consider themselves to work accordingly. Our research questions are therefore:What beliefs about the social phenomenon of bullying has the pedagogues?What roles emerge in different bullying situations according to the pedagogues?How do the pedagogues work with bullying and the roles that emerge?The study provides insight into how different approaches to bullying can contribute to various pedagogical implications in anti-bullying work. In our theoretical part we present general issues and the roles that different writers describe.

This study examines the eWOM effect, more specifically: how customer reviews effects consumers. The study is based on a modified version of the Regulatory Focus Theory which describes consumer behavior using consumer consumption goals. The purpose of this study was to examine how positive and negative customer review's influence consumers when analyzing products that are equally characterized by two consumption goals: promotion and prevention goals. The authors combined quantitative (questionnaire) and qualitative (focus groups) research methods with the sample selection for both research methods being based on students of Södertörns University. Results indicate that negative customer reviews have a stronger influence on consumers than positive customer reviews when analyzing products that are equally characterized by the promotion goals and prevention goals.

Bakgrund: Forskning visar att det har blivit en strategi att fokusera på riskgrupper istället för riskbeteende när det gäller HIV-provtagning i Sverige. Karolinska Institutet utförde en studie under 2010 som dessutom tydde på att ungdomar och unga vuxna som söker sig till ungdomsmottagningar i hög grad nekas provtagning. Ungdomar och unga vuxna är enligt Regeringens proposition 2005:06/60. Som barnmorska på en ungdomsmottagning har man en unik möjlighet att uppmuntra god sexuell hälsa, förmedla kunskap om olika smittor och smittorisker samt tillgodose önskan om provtagning. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur barnmorskor på ungdomsmottagningar i Göteborg och Södra Bohuslän handskas med HIV i relation till ungdomar och unga vuxna.