The purpose of this work is to study a circulation project in Enköping Municipality, where the society?s rest products are used to make beneficial products. In Enköping the rest products from waste treatment plants and private sewers are used to fertilize and irrigate Salix plantations that later are harvested and burned at the local combined heating and power plant, ENA Energy AB, to produce electricity and heat. Possibilities to apply this kind of project ona Municipality in Russia are also explored.Guryevsk Municipality in Kaliningrad region was chosen since there is a need to improve energy systems and reduce emissions to water and air. This Municipality strives to become environmentally friendly.

The knowledge that citizens have of their own Municipality is very useful for the local politicians and planners in the event of such a major reconstruction in the neighborhood. It is the residents in the area that are most affected, and their view on the reconstruction is valuable if the end result will be as good as possible. Since the Municipality builds for the citizens, and wants them to enjoy the outcome of the reconstruction as much as possible, it is essential that the Municipality get a chance to inspect the citizen?s views and experiences about it in an early stage. If the citizens don?t want to get involved, or if only a few people involve themselves, it will be difficult for the Municipality to find a solution satisfactory to all.

The aim of this thesis is to examine the properties of the municipalities in Sweden that influence the choice of being a certified Fairtrade city. The independent variables which are used in the statistical analysis are municipal governance, local tax rate, whether there is an university and/or university college in the Municipality, average income and higher education in the Municipality. The variables are examined by logistic regression. Since there are no statistical data on ethical procurement, this exogenous variable isn?t included in the regression.

The development that the Swedish society has experienced during the last four decades and the higher part of the population coming from foreign countries calls for a more intensive research on the situation of these groups. The purpose of this study is to find explanations of the differences in the share of immigrant politicians in Linköping and Norrköping. The starting point of the study is a model of factors assumed to affect the representation of immigrants in the Municipality assemblies. The immigrant composition, the Municipality organization and the view of democracy of the politicians, are all assumed to affect the civic participation. The civic participation is then assumed to affect the representation of immigrants in the Municipality.

The purpose of this thesis is to present and analyze population developments within Umeå Municipality during the period 1992 to 2012. The study also aims to discuss growth trends presented in previous papers to seek common factors and get a deeper understanding.Data for 1992, 2002 and 2012 on a sub area level supplied by Umeå Municipality was used. The study shows a continued positive development across almost all sub areas, but a differing growth rate from centre to periphery, and also a diversified medium age among the inhabitants.While the city center continues to have the highest growth of population during the studied years, a recent trend seems to point to a growing popularity to settle in the outskirts of the Municipality, primarily near the coast..

AbstractThe purpose and vision for the Municipality of Torsby are to connect with a younger population in the Municipality by the year of 2012.This study is a qualitative survey of the target group ?the young ones? within the Municipality of Torsby, which is the population between 17?35 years old.Because of the size and the different intrests between the individuals in this group it has been divided into three smaller groups.? High school students, 17-19 years old.? Returning seasonal workers, 20-26 years old.? People who has moved to Torsby and are now living in the Municipality, 27-35 years old.The results of the study show that all the respondents believes that with the right communication channels a positive and strong communication between the Municipality and the target groups can be reached. The message and the significance of the message are as important as the communication channels and all the target groups together would like to see a wider range of leisure pursuits that will suit the respective target group.The analysis and the results also show that the communication with the target groups should come about in different ways to be successful, both when it comes to fundemental reasons and choices of communication channels.The two youngest target groups has an adjacent and a similar need of well-founded and entertaining communication and information to rach a long-term result.The older group needs communication that will give them opportunity to reflect and concider the message, which means that the Municipality of Torsby needs to adjust both the message and the communication channel for a quicker respons. This target group is also in need of further studies so the Municipality of Torsby succesfully can plan a more detailed communication, this because the target group is a less homogeneous group than the two other target groups..

In recent years it has become way more important for organizations to use their brand to market themselves as an employer. In a market where organizations are competing for labor it has been known that the brand can make it possible for organizations to differentiate themselves as unique and attractive place of work. The concept is called Employer Branding and if an organization wants to suceed they have to have a clear and defined structure. The concept is well known among private organizations and not as common with the public sector. The purpose of this study was to examine how a small Municipality in northern Sweden is working to be an attractive employer.

Abstract?Political participation by the citizen?- Citizen proposals in Karlstad MunicipalityEssay in Political Science, C-levelAuthor: Tobias GustafssonTutor: Michele MichelettiIn Sweden the political parties are losing more and more of their members. That in combination with a tendency that the participation in the elections is getting lower is a problem for the representative and parliamentary political system in Sweden.In order to strengthen the democracy in Sweden and to make the gap between the citizens and the elected smaller there has been some democracy-projects. The purpose of these democracy-projects is to make the political participation by the citizens, between the elections, higher. One of them is ?citizen proposals to the Municipality?.The purpose of this essay is to examine this democracy-project in order to see what influences it might have on the local democracy.

This thesis examine if social voluntary organisations are independent or if they are being regulated by the public sector. We ask how free the organisations are since they get so much support and funding from the Municipality. This is examined by looking at the homogenisation pressure, which means that organisations are being exposed by a pressure to become more similar. The control that the Municipality has over the organisations is another aspect in this paper. The study focuses on the relation between the Municipality of Linköping and three social voluntary organisations and their characteristics.

Abstract?Political participation by the citizen?- Citizen proposals in Karlstad MunicipalityEssay in Political Science, C-levelAuthor: Tobias GustafssonTutor: Michele MichelettiIn Sweden the political parties are losing more and more of their members. That in combination with a tendency that the participation in the elections is getting lower is a problem for the representative and parliamentary political system in Sweden.In order to strengthen the democracy in Sweden and to make the gap between the citizens and the elected smaller there has been some democracy-projects. The purpose of these democracy-projects is to make the political participation by the citizens, between the elections, higher. One of them is ?citizen proposals to the Municipality?.The purpose of this essay is to examine this democracy-project in order to see what influences it might have on the local democracy.

The point of departure for this essay is the observation that theMunicipality of Lund is giving priority to handicap associations overother forms of associations. This act can be regarded as trespassinginto the realm of civil society. In respect of this, two aspects appearto be particularly interesting to explore. The first is to determinewhich perspective of freedom the Municipality of Lund holds. Ireconstruct how the liberal and the communitarian state relate to thenegative and the positive freedom.

The aim of this study was to explore how social workers interpret the part of the Swedish social services act that regulates each Municipality?s responsibility of the people staying in it. The study?s general methodological approach connects to sociology of law. The research questions were: (1) What factors are considered important by the social workers in assessments of responsible Municipality? (2) Are there variations in the assessments of responsible Municipality and in that case; how can the variations be explained? (3) What discretion do the social workers consider that they have in assessments of responsible Municipality? Previous studies have found considerable differences in professional social work assessments in Sweden.

This final thesis is a basic inquiry into a countryside programme for the Municipality of Hässleholm. By interviewing people who live in the countryside in the Municipality of Hässleholm I?ve tried to get a picture of how the thoughts on development of countryside are. Trough these interviews I?ve also tried to find out how people on the countryside defines the concept of countryside.

This Paper examine how a Municipality hire employees and in what way they use relevantlegislation in the recruitment process. The purpose of this paper is to clarify one specific Municipality and their recruitment process, where the selection of the candidates is in focus of the process.The premiss is that municipalities can hire whoever they want, although some legislation needs to be considered. The principle of objectivity, the precedence and prohibition against discrimination are some restrictions municipalities must be aware of and not contravene.Further on candidates have an opportunity to require probation of the legality if they experience that mistakes have been made with the recuritment. However, only members of the Municipality can emphasise this request.The municipalities job advertisements conformation and demands will be clarified in the paper. Job advertisements has a validity regarding disputes refering to discrimination because only the advertisement can justify employers procedure and choise.

A student at the Technical University in Jönköping was given an assignment from Falköping Municipality. The assignment was to evaluate their IT systems 'users' awareness of information security and even present suggestions for IT-Users to improve their information security within Falköping Municipality.Falköping Municipality consists today of seven administrations. The target groups for the study of the information security are a pilot group consisting of 30 IT Users and four different managers from various administrations within Falköping Municipality.The purpose of this work is mainly to indicate an understanding of the importance of the information security knowledge among IT Users in Falkopings Municipality, mainly those who use their smartphones and tablets for work-related activities.This work aims to answer the following questions:? How wide is the awareness of information security among Municipality's IT users?? How can information security improve among the Municipality's IT users?Theories that work consists of are mainly what information security is, how it is handled and the threats and risks that may create problems for the Municipality, basically when IT Users use their smart phones and tablets.The Work Implementation started with sending surveys to a pilot group of IT- system users and the student even interviewed four general managers working in Falköpings Municipality. Both the questionnaires results and interviews results are presented in diagram and text.The result from both surveys and interviews was very positive and it shows that the Municipality investigated IT-Users are very aware and have knowledge about information security, when they use their smart phones and tablets.