Syfte och frågeställningarSyftet med denna studie var att undersöka om det finns någon skillnad mellan personer med ländryggssmärta (LS) som klarar eller inte klarar att utföra en korrekt aktivering av Transversus Abdominis (TrA), mätt med ultraljud, utifrån självskattad smärta, funktion och aktivitetsnivå. Frågeställningen är vilken skillnad som finns mellan personer med ospecifik LS som korrekt respektive inkorrekt aktiverar TrA gällande deras självskattade smärta, funktionsnivå samt aktivitetsnivå.MetodDetta är en pilotstudie av kvantitativ tvärsnittsart. Studien är en sekundär analys av redan insamlad data där 53 personer ingick, 37 personer med ländryggssmärta och 15 friska personer. Urvalet för aktuell studie var gruppen från den primära studien som hade ländryggssmärta. Det var 24 kvinnor och 13 män i åldern 18-65år.

Studies show that some pupils with ASD (autism spectrum disorder) can have difficulties in understanding written texts. The present study seeks to examine whether pupils with ASD differ in their reading comprehension of a factual text and a literary text. Another aim of the study is to obtain a picture of the reading habits of high school pupils with ASD, what reading strategies they use, and how they work with texts in Swedish lessons in school.The study uses texts from PISA surveys from 2009 and 2000. The factual text Varmluftsballongen (The Hot-air Balloon) was taken from the try-out for the 2009 survey and the literary text Gåvan (The Gift) was taken from the 2000 PISA survey. To gain some idea of the pupils? reading comprehension of the texts, the present study used the tasks accompanying the texts, with certain changes in the questions about the text on the hot-air balloon.

The effect of climate change places demands on how we build cities. Cities have to be built denser to meet the objectives of sustainability but as a result of this densification city green areas are at risk of exploitationand disappearing. The question this raises is whether there has to be an opposition between a dense and a green city?Urban trees are playing a very important role in cities. They stand as the major part of the vegetation in citieswhich are otherwise dominated with concrete and stone.

This paper is a quantitative case study named Outdoor recreation of urban areas viewed through a gender perspective. The intention of this paper is, by studying gender pattern in outdoor recreation practices in Gothenburg, to describe gender patterns in outdoor recreation of Swedish urban areas. This subject is important to study because of the practices of outdoor recreation forward public health. Today many people suffer from diseases caused by stress and too little exercise, which could be prevented if they practiced outdoor recreation. Not everyone has the same possibility to practice outdoor recreation because of the inequalities between women and men.

Abstract:This thesis work has been conducted at the Real Estate Department in Halmstad.The department consists of a construction/project management-unit and an operation/management-unit.Like many other towns in Sweden, Halmstad has had a long lasting problem with indoor environment. Not at least at their preschools.Today they are constructing from current building regulations. They have learned from negative experiences which have occurred in the indoor environment in older buildings.Focus is now on healthy materials, like low emission value, energy efficiency and optimization of the building, but still with soft parameters such as cleaning, interior and choice of materials.The fixtures is provides by the real estate department and the furnishings are provides by the children and youth administration. Together they are trying to provide a great indoor environment.I have, together with the real estate department and the children and youth administration of Halmstad, investigated how to provide a good indoor environment in the preschools with small funds.In my thesis there is one theoretical part with a questionnaire survey of how the preschool staff is experiencing their indoor environment to determine where the problems often start. And a practical part with measurements to try and come down to a result that analysis the cause of the problems and also to make sure that the ventilation systems are fulfilling projected values.The measurements and the questionnaire surveys was made at Lokes preschool in Frösakull, Askens preschool in Oskarström and Gullbrandstorps preschool.There were some differences between the staff-responses at the three different preschools.At Askens preschool they feel that the premises are cleaned poorly.At Gullbrandstorps preschool they feel that the indoor-air is bad because they can´t open the windows.

Students of all ages host a wide variety of scientifically inaccurate ideas and conceptions about everyday astronomical phenomena, such as the seasons, the moon phases, and gravity. The field of Astronomy Education Research has over the last decade experienced an accelerating growth, although the majority of studies have been conducted in the USA. In this work, the 9th grade students of a typical Swedish school were surveyed by means of a questionnaire in order to probe their conceptual understanding of several key concepts in astronomy. In the end, the number of respondents amassed to a total of 90. The results were analyzed with a constructivist approach in light of conceptual change theory and phenomenological primitives.

Denna studie är ett försök att belysa samspelet mellan chefer och politiker i Åtvidabergs kommun, där man har tillämpat ett slags roterande kommunchefskap som består av en chefsgrupp på fem individer där man roterar på posten som formell kommunchef med två månaders intervaller. Studien baseras på kvalitativa interjuver med både kommunchefer och politiker verksamma i Åtvidaberg. Vi tillämpar ett maktperspektiv när vi analyserar våra informanters utsagor, genom att i synnerhet ställa dessa i förhållande till Dennis H. Wrongs maktformer..

Denna studie handlar om kvinnliga ledare och deras förutsättningar på företaget Sandvik AB i Sandviken. Vilken typ av kvinnor väljer att bli chefer, vilken bakgrund och vilka egenskaper har de? Jag undersöker om det finns något som hindrar kvinnor från att bli chefer, samt tar reda på hur kvinnorna på Sandvik anser att en bra ledare ska vara. Min slutsats är att kvinnorna i intervjun har varit pappas flicka i den bemärkelsen att de har tytt sig mer till sin pappa än sin mamma, de är lyhörda och de bryr sig om sina medarbetare. De största hindren i kvinnors karriär är familjen, eftersom de kan bli uppsagda på grund av föräldraledighet, samt rekryterarna som anställer män av gammal vana..

AbstractDuring recent years the climate in recruiting new personnel has hardened as a result of high levels of employment and increasing competition in labour market. In order to resolve this problem, organisations have to adapt new strategies to attract and meet the demands of potential employees who have the required competence to meet job requirements.The aim of this study has been to examine a well functioning work place in order to elucidate explicit examples of what employees consider positive, and what can be ascertained as positive deviations. Narratives emanating from the unit manager and personnel illustrate their views on the positive influences found in their working place. Another ambition is to increase awareness and understanding about the factors that promote satisfaction in the workplace and positive deviation; and to utilise this knowledge.Traditional research on organisations has frequently focused on problems. The theoretical point of departure of this study is based on Positive Organizational Scholarship, abbreviated as POS.

Aim The aim of this study was to investigate the attitudes of midwives and gynaecologists at youth health clinics about their own thoughts of risks with unprotected oral sex and testing of orally contagious sexually transmitted infections (STI). The aim was also to investigate the level of knowledge of oral STIs. One further aim was to examine what they thought about the level of knowledge about oral STIs among adolescents and how common unprotected oral sex is within this group and if oral STIs/oral sex is brought up in the form of information or questions during STI-testing.Method Seventy-five youth health clinics all over Sweden were randomly chosen. A questionnaire was sent by mail to the clinics. It included questions about attitudes, knowledge about STIs and information exchange.

Archbishop KG Hammar has attracted attention for his liberal position in theology. His view on the role of language and communication is central in several books and articles he has published as leader of the Church of Sweden. One of his main theses is the fact that meaning is created in the encounter between text and reader. He often reiterates: God is relation. This non-traditional dynamic stance has a broad impact not only on theology.

Betydelsen av ett gott chefskap inom äldreomsorgen är av stor vikt för medarbetarna, de boende och verksamheten. Omvårdnadsarbetet påverkas av chefens sätt att arbeta och det krävs därför att chefen är medveten om vad som utgör ett bra chefskap. Intervjuerna i denna studie är utförda med sju enhetschefer inom äldreomsorgen i Sverige. Syftet var att undersöka hur enhetschefer inom svensk äldreomsorg uppfattar sitt chefsarbete inom detta verksamhetsområde. Resultatet visade att arbetssätt, relationer, förhållningssätt och utvecklingsarbete är faktorer som enligt dessa chefer utmärker ett bra chefskap.

I dagens globaliserade samhälle suddas gränserna ut allt mer och vi har kommit att leva mycket närmare andra kulturer. Detta märks inom EU då detta har lett till att det blir lättare att resa och inte minst jobba i andra europeiska länder. Företagen etablerar kontor i länder världen över vilket leder till att olika nationaliteter och kulturer möts på arbetsplatsen. De kulturella skillnaderna handlar till stor del om människors olika normer och värderingar som innefattar samtliga personer i företaget oavsett position. Den interna kommunikationen kan försämras i ett multinationellt företag om chefer och anställda inte är på samma våglängd.

We are more aware than ever about our impact on the common environment and the world's population. Consumption awareness can be one way to take social and environmental responsibility. This study aims to examine young adults' (19-30 years) attitudes toward consumption awareness in Sweden. Consumption awareness is treated in this study as the consumption of environmental and fair-trade labeled products that have been certified of a third party. The study is limited to everyday commodities, which in this case is groceries, household consumables and clothing.

The objective of this study was to describe and analyze some of the conflicts in the class room using solution strategies from a human needs perspective. This was done by a qualitative in-vestigation based on the observations of the participants.The query of how every day conflicts arise in the class room and their reasons.The result was analyzed using reference frame in human needs theory. The results showed that there were several reasons for a conflict and its solution. It was also shown that creating a nice atmosphere in the class room was a continuous effort and the strategies of the teachers in a conflict situation were different depending on the situation. Human needs theories assists us to analyze and handle conflicts in the class room..