Micronic Laser Systems AB produces and develops machines for the photo mask production market. One of their products is the Omega machine which exposes photo masks using 5 laser beams simultaneously. It is important that the distance between the each laser beam, the x-separation, is the same. The x-separation is today measured by exposing a photo mask with a certain pattern and thereafter measured with a metrology system. This takes to much time and it is desired to find a faster method to measure the x-separation without loosing precision.The task for this master thesis is to improve an existing measurement method which uses a calibration mask.

The thesis demonstrates a low-cost, low-bandwidth and low-resolution Analog-to- Digital Converter(ADC) in 0.35 um CMOS Process. A second-order Sigma-Delta modulator is used as the basis of the A/D Converter. A Semi-Uniform quantizer is used with the modulator to take advantage of input distributions that are dominated by smaller-amplitude signals e.g. Audio, Voice and Image-sensor signals. A Single-bit feedback topology is used with a multi-bit quantizer in the modulator.

För att ta reda på hur väl en Multi-Agent-Systems-bot kan stå sig mot andra, icke-MAS-bottar, så har vi implementerat en bot till brädspelet Arimaa. Botten är implementerad i C++ och den kan spela mot andra bottar, eller människor, genom Arimaas officiella hemsida. Syftet har varit att skapa en fullfjädrad bot som både klarar av att spela korrekt, och att spela bra. För att ta reda på om MAS är en bra designfilosofi för Arimaa så har vi utmanat ett antal av de bottar som andra människor skapat och lagt upp på hemsidan. Alla bottarna har under tiden de legat uppe blivit rankade genom tävlingar och utmaningar och flera av dessa har tävlat om stora pengar, vilket betyder att människor har lagt mycket tid på dem.

In today´s forestry, assessments of needs for thinning are based on basal area measurements. This is an indirect measurement. The approach and the developed assessment tables are based on an assumed production forest, which implies that management proposals in stands that deviate from the basic model may be misleading. Since Walter Bitterlich in 1948 launched the idea of the relascope, several modifications have been developed for different purposes. In common is that all are based on a certain angle measurement principle.

The mining company LKAB extracts iron ore in three areas in the north of Sweden, Kiruna, Malmberget and Svappavaara. The iron ore is refined and in the pelletizing plants the material is rolled to finished pellet product. The different steps of pelletizing plants causes among other things emissions to the air. It occurs occasionally stops in the production and the emissions are vented via an emergency chimney without purification. The aim for this work is to look into how LKAB may improve their monitoring of air emissions and control of ambient air quality and the analysis methods which are suitable for measuring.

The purpose of this thesis is to identify the factors that drive efficiency and effectiveness in technical development projects performed at A?F?s department of product development. In addition to identifying and analyzing these factors, the thesis also analyzes what needs to be taken in to account in order to implement a measurement system that is able to both monitor and control the identified factors.The thesis has been performed in a qualitative manner. It is based on interviews with people from several different technological companies, within different lines of business, all of which are customers to A?F?s department of product development.The results show that there are seven critical factors for project efficiency and effectiveness.

Earlier models that measured de facto harmonization of international accounting mainly used indices and other related statistical models. Those approaches do not account for the relative importance of individual balance sheet items or expense items being harmonized. This paper therefore proposes a different approach using Runsten?s (1998) permanent measurement bias model. That way it is possible to quantify the harmonization process by accounting for differences among companies.

Klädindustrins negativa påverkan på hållbar utveckling har på senare tid blivit allt mer uppmärksammad av konsumenter, media och aktörer i modebranschen. Även om medvetenheten har ökat så har inte konsumtionen av hållbara klädalternativ gjort det till önskad grad. Tidigare forskning har identifierat ett gap mellan konsumenters attityd och beteende kring hållbart mode, konsumenten säger sig vilja köpa grönt mode men gör det inte. Den här studien går ut på att undersöka vilka orsaker som finns till gapet med följande problemformulering: vilka är de bakomliggande orsakerna till gapet mellan unga svenska kvinnliga konsumenters attityder och handlingar gällande hållbart mode? Syftet med studien är att med hjälp av funna orsaker kunna bidra till befintlig forskning inom området.

This project has revolved around finding better ways of overseeing vibrations of the gearbox at a wind power station. The gearbox has been a huge problem at the stations located at Gässlingen and the sooner the warning of an incoming breakdown is at hand the more money you can save from preparations. The work has been carried out together with Askalon AB in cooperation with consults from ÅF. Askalon is a company with a department focused on overseeing vibrations and it is in collaboration with that department the work has been carried out. During this work, new positions for the sensors and new methods of gathering and analyzing data have been worked out. This was then implemented at a wind power station to be tried out on site.

Profit in first commercial thinnings of today is hard to achieve. This is because of prevailing pulpwood prices and because of high costs of logging and transport. To reduce these costs higher productivity is advocated. One way to increase the productivity is the use of multi-tree handling harvester heads. The aim of this study was to calculate logging and transport costs in first thinnings, where multi-tree handling has been used.

Syftet med denna uppsats är att skapa en förståelse för hur nyetablerade modeföretag kan arbeta med sin identitetsmix för att kommunicera en individualistisk modeimage. Vi har gjort en fallstudie av ett ungt, svenskt modeföretag samt intervjuat fyra återförsäljare inom branschen. Slutsatserna är att ett modeföretag genom sin identitetsmix kan arbeta med att synas i rätt sammanhang, förmedla en känsla av unikhet och professionalism kring företaget, kontinuerligt förnya sin produktlinje samt värna om sin image för att inte överexponeras..

The main purpose of this study is to clarify the underlying reasons as to why people choose to travel by car or taxi, and to do so by using people´s choice of transportation to and from Arlanda Airport as an example. Furthermore it is also in our interest to see what changes are needed to make more travellers use the available public transportation.Because of the increasing pollution rate from the means of conveyance headed to and from Arlanda Airport, Luftfartsverket is attempting to decrease the amount of emission from the connecting transportation sources. Luftfartsverket has a pollution limit which is about to be reached in a few years, based on a prognosis made by Arlanda´s office of environmental issues. In order to investigate people´s travel mode choice a survey was conducted at Arlanda Airport, Stockholm. 82 travellers were interviewed on a three day basis inside terminal 4 and 5.

Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur ?kvinnan? framställs och skapas på mode- och livsstillsbloggar. Detta har jag undersökt ur ett ?göra kön? perspektiv samt att jag använt mig av Goffmans teorier kring identitetsvärden och stigma.Jag har använt mig av ett eklektiskt förhållningssätt till valet av metod och har därför använt mig av olika metoder där meningskodning av text och symbolisktolkning av bilder varit de mest framträdande. Dessa koder har jag skapat utifrån min teoretiska referensram.

An important process for grid companies in order to reduce power losses in electricity distribution grids is to figure out where and how they appear. This report describes the factors that cause power losses in low voltage distribution grids and methods for how they could be measured and analyzed. Measurement data for consumed and injected energy were collected for twelve low voltage distribution grids owned by Gävle Energi AB in order to analyze the size of the power losses and how the measurement uncertainty affects the collected data. Then models of three of the grids were created in MATLAB in order to analyze the data and the power losses were calculated to be compared to the collected data. Curve fitting were also used as a method in order to analyze the power losses from collected data.The results show that the losses in the studied grids are low.

?Att vara smal är något som väldigt många drömmer om. Mode och ideal lockar unga till bantning. Men det finns de som inget annat vill än att gå upp i vikt. Undervikt förknippas ofta med sjukdom eller ätstörningar men ibland beror det på det genetiska arvet eller en förhöjd ämnesomsättning.