The purpose of this thesis is to investigate if there are any differences regarding syntactic complexity in written language between persons with (phonologically based) reading and writing difficulties and a control group. Earlier research has pointed to such a difference, indicating that texts written by subjects with reading and writing difficulties display a lower grade of syntactic complexity than text written by control groups.Two texts each from 48 subjects (24 from each category) were collected. The subjects were divided in two age groups, one consisting of 15-year-olds and the other of university students (adults in various ages). The subjects were selected through a word decoding test and a spelling test, where the lowest performing formed the group of reading and writing difficulties and the highest performing formed the control groups. All subjects had Swedish as their mother tongue.The syntactic aspects studied were number of words per syntactic sentence (Sw.

This study focuses on romantic friendship between women in three Swedish novels written between 1836 and 1857: Sophie von Knorring?s (1797?1848) Illusionerna (1836), Fredrika Bremer?s (1801?1865) En dagbok (1843) and Marie Sophie Schwartz? (1819?1894) En fåfäng mans hustru (1857). Also, the connection between women and passion as well as the interesting occurrence of step- and foster mothers is looked upon in the study.The romantic friendship is freely expressed in these novels; love between women is neither presented as unnatural or unchaste. It both challenges the heterosexual matrix? claim on intelligibility and its rules for how desire should be expressed.

Syftet med min uppsats är att redogöra för och diskutera hur en lärare arbetar med läslust och språkutveckling, samt hur hennes elever upplever denna undervisning. Läslust handlar om mycket mer än att bara tycka om att läsa böcker, såväl i skolan som på fritiden. Elever med läslust kan ta upp en bok att läsa som avkoppling, lika gärna som de kan se på tv.För att undersöka mitt syfte har jag studerat en klass i en Stockholmsförort. Jag har intervjuat en lärare, samt fyra av hennes elever, för att ta reda på hur läraren arbetar med att skapa och upprätthålla läslusten hos eleverna, och hur eleverna uppfattar lärarens undervisning kring läslust. Jag har även gjort en enkätundersökning med alla elever i klassen, för att ta reda på hur de upplever läslust, och vad de tycker om lärarens arbetssätt för att skapa läslust.Resultaten av min undersökning visar att det är skillnad mellan flickors och pojkars läsning.

The purpose of this master?s thesis is to examine from a psychoanalytic point of view how Mare Kandre narrate the complex process when girl becomes woman. Earlier theoretical work concerning Mare Kandre is sparse and limited to narrow cut-outs of her authorship. There are two dissertations, but none with Kandre and her unique fictional works alone in focus. Most frequently she is presented as part of different groups of authors.

Like several of her female peers, Marie Under (1883 - 1980) has been denied the international acclaim she deserves. The earliest text on Marie Under in swedish told of her greatness, but in classical fallic maner reduced her poetic production by marking it with pathological symtoms. Though latter texts by author Enel Melberg have put a feminist perspective on Unders work, the theoretical complexity of her poetic images and language, and its polemic relation to contemporary literary currents, has yet to be recognised. This study will seek to portrait Marie Under and her poetry in this new light.The study moves from an installation of Marie Under in the modern discourse she so far has been estranged from, to an analysis of her earlier works (in the 1910?s and 1920?s).

This study deals with questions about male and female, power and church, related to the Mariologies of three prominent leaders in the Church of Sweden in the last century: Erling Eidem, Paulina Mariadotter and Cristina Grenholm. The mentioned topics are important for conservative High Church people as well as for radical feminists, and they are therefore necessary to address in the context of discussions about the church´s identity and the search of greater unity.Each Mariology is related to contemporary ideas about the relations between male and female, and to the tradition of the church as the leaders themselves see it. During the years 1920-2010 the relations between the sexes changed a lot as a result of the impact of modernity, which also affected how people perceived the relationship between the individual and the tradition/authorities. The present study concludes that there is a connection between Mariology and contemporary ideas about male and female. However, the Mariologist´s attitude to the tradition of the church seems to decide which perspective is allowed to dominate.

The main purpose of this essay is to study how classroom interaction can take place in a class for Second Language Learners (SLL).1 I have applied a case study methodology on a linguistic method used by a Teacher in Swedish as Second Language working on a primary school situated in the Southern suburbs of Stockholm. The learning method is based on extensive reading of books which comprehend several learning techniques organized into a process that support the development of linguistic skills such as discussing in a group, writing, reading and thinking in a second language. The methodology applied is based on observations, on an interview with a Teacher in Swedish as Second Language and on a questionnaire answered by 11 students that participated on ?Boksamtal?.Based on a theoretical framework about socio cultural theories on learning and scaffolding,2 I attempt to integrate theory and practice to investigate how the Teacher succeed on applying effective methods for second language learning. Through the analyses of the data is also my intention to emphasize the advantages and disadvantages of such a method.

Bakgrund:Anknytning är en relation som bildas mellan barn och föräldrar. Anknytningen handlar om ett samspel mellan barnets behov av att få omvårdnad och förälderns vilja och förmåga att ge omvårdnad. Hur anknytningen mellan barnet och föräldern utvecklas har visats betydande för barnets vidare utveckling och mognad både intellektuellt och känslomässigt. Bland barn som inte utvecklar en trygg anknytning till sina föräldrar är det vanligare med psykisk ohälsa, hyperaktivitetssyndrom, uppmärksamhetsstörning och sociala problem. Alla föräldrar som har barn mellan 0-6 år erbjuds generellt stöd i sitt föräldraskap inom barnhälsovården.

Ma?let med denna studie var att beskriva mammors upplevelser av babyrytmik och teoretiskt fo?rankra denna beskrivning i ett samha?llsinriktat musikterapeutiskt perspektiv. Fem (5) halvstrukturerade djupintervjuer med en medella?ngd pa? 45 minuter utfo?rdes under vintern 2012 och analyserades enligt en hermeneutisk fo?rsta?elseprocess. Mammorna var i medeltal 32 a?r och ho?gt utbildade.Den gemensamma gla?djen i att fa? sjunga, leka och finnas i musik tillsammans med sitt barn och ha en gemensam hobby va?rdesa?tts ho?gt av mammorna som alla prioriterar hobbies med musik.

ABSTRACTStatistics show that breastfeeding prevalence for Sweden has fallen since the mid 90´s. Studies show that breastfeeding offers health benefits to both mother and child and that the mothers' belief and confidence in their ability to breastfeed is a key factor to having a positive breastfeeding outcome. In 2010, Amningshjälpen in collaboration with Sensus studieförbund, started a nursing course, for mothers-to-be, who wished to breastfeed their babies and its aim was to prepare them for a successful and enjoyable experience.Objective: To examine whether a preparatory breastfeeding course can affect mothers' confidence in their ability to breastfeed and if that ability can affect the breastfeeding outcome when the child reaches four months. A further aim is to investigate the experience of  perceived problems surrounding breastfeeding and what affect these might have on the mothers' confidence in breastfeeding when the child reaches four months.Design/Methods: A quantitative approach with prospective experimental design was used to evaluate the study. The questionnaire Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale Short Form (BSES-SF) was used three times to measure women's trust in lactation.

The main purpose of this essay is to study how classroom interaction can take place in a class for Second Language Learners (SLL).1 I have applied a case study methodology on a linguistic method used by a Teacher in Swedish as Second Language working on a primary school situated in the Southern suburbs of Stockholm. The learning method is based on extensive reading of books which comprehend several learning techniques organized into a process that support the development of linguistic skills such as discussing in a group, writing, reading and thinking in a second language. The methodology applied is based on observations, on an interview with a Teacher in Swedish as Second Language and on a questionnaire answered by 11 students that participated on ?Boksamtal?.Based on a theoretical framework about socio cultural theories on learning and scaffolding,2 I attempt to integrate theory and practice to investigate how the Teacher succeed on applying effective methods for second language learning. Through the analyses of the data is also my intention to emphasize the advantages and disadvantages of such a method.

In this C-thesis, I investigate the sudden outbreak of the Swedish witch-hunts during the 17th century, mainly focusing on Gävle and Ockelbo in Gästrikland.To show the extension of the Swedish witch-hunts, I have included an introductory part of the thesis, where this is described. Another important part of the thesis is the one about views upon women and the functions of their bodies, which had to do with female sexuality. Women were indeed considered a threat, by men in powerful positions, and very often it was sheriffs, judges, commanders and governors who most strongly claimed this.People believed that the witches went to Blåkulla, which could be practically anywhere. It could be a mountain, an open area, a rock or a heath. It seems, however, to have been situated far north.My investigation mainly concerns the witch-hunts in Ockelbo and Gävle.

New dwellings and commercial buildings in coastal regions has for some time now been a focal point. Old industrial harbours are regenerated into modern living areas with a recreational purpose. In Sweden the marina has not taken part in this development, thus remained in the monotony and large-scale structures of modernism. This graduation thesis looks upon the marina from a landscape architects point of view, where the marina foremost is a social venue. By revealing and discussing the development of the marina, its design and environmental consequence theories of the marinas future is presented. These theories are later tested upon the costal village of Rydebäck, south of Helsingborg. The thesis is structured in three parts: marina knowledge, proposal and resources. In the first part the historical development of the marina from prehistory time to now is discussed.

In Sweden and in Scandinavia the amount of tree species are rather few. However many different forms of trees arise due to mutations and gives rare appearances like cut-leaved and hanging forms. In some cases these trees are interesting as cultivars and a few of them have become popular garden trees. The knowledge of the original trees and early propagation is meagre.In this study a selected group of trees were found through search of literature. Eight tree forms were chosen and investigated in situ.

Den här studien syftade till att belysa hur några pedagoger med olika typ av bakgrund, verksamma i ett homogent svensktalande respektive ett mer mångkulturellt område, tänker om och arbetar med flerspråkiga barn i förskolan. Frågeställningarna rörde pedagogernas syn på hur en språkstimulerande miljö bör utformas, positiva samt negativa aspekter i arbetet med flerspråkiga förskolebarn, samt om skillnader i uttalanden hos de olika yrkesrollerna kunde utrönas. Jag ville också ta reda på om barnens modersmål talades i verksamheten eller om dess ursprung lyftes fram på något annat vis. Jag använde mig av intervjuer som forskningsmetod.Min resultatanalys visade att samtliga pedagoger betonar användandet av ett nyanserat, rikt och benämnande språk i det vardagliga talet, under alla situationer i verksamheten. För barn med annat modersmål än svenska blir det extra viktigt med stöd i form av bilder och konkret material, enligt pedagogerna.